Wikisource:RE-Werkstatt/Alle Glyphen
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Alle Zeichen der RE | Alle Glyphen Unicode🌐✅🛗🛂 | Liste Glyphen
Verzeichnis der verfügbaren Glyphen (Zeichen) für Paulys Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft (RE), gegliedert nach Sub-Block. Fett markiert sind Glyphen, die in der RE verwendet werden.
1. Alle Glyphen Unicode
[Bearbeiten]| Block | Alle Glyphen Unicode (Anzahl / in RE / Codepunkte) |
|---|---|
| ASCII Zeichensatz [1] | TAB NL SPACE ! \" # $ % & ' ( ) * + , - . / |
| Latin-1 Supplement [2] | ¡ ¢ £ ¤ ¥ ¦ § ¨ © ª « ¬ ® ¯ ° ± ² ³ ´ µ ¶ · ¸ ¹ º » ¼ ½ ¾ ¿ À Á Â Ã Ä Å Æ Ç È É Ê Ë Ì Í Î Ï Ð Ñ Ò Ó Ô Õ Ö × Ø Ù Ú Û Ü Ý Þ ß |
| Latin Extended-A [3] | Ā ā Ă ă Ą ą Ć ć Ĉ ĉ Ċ ċ Č č Ď ď Đ đ Ē ē Ĕ ĕ Ė ė Ę ę Ě ě Ĝ ĝ Ğ ğ Ġ ġ Ģ ģ Ĥ ĥ Ħ ħ Ĩ ĩ Ī ī Ĭ ĭ Į į İ ı IJ ij Ĵ ĵ Ķ ķ ĸ Ĺ ĺ Ļ ļ Ľ ľ Ŀ ŀ Ł ł Ń ń Ņ ņ Ň ň ʼn Ŋ ŋ Ō ō Ŏ ŏ Ő ő Œ œ Ŕ ŕ Ŗ ŗ Ř ř Ś ś Ŝ ŝ Ş ş Š š Ţ ţ Ť ť Ŧ ŧ Ũ ũ Ū ū Ŭ ŭ Ů ů Ű ű Ų ų Ŵ ŵ Ŷ ŷ Ÿ Ź ź Ż ż Ž ž ſ |
| Latin Extended-B [4] | ƀ Ɓ Ƃ ƃ Ƅ ƅ Ɔ Ƈ ƈ Ɖ Ɗ Ƌ ƌ ƍ Ǝ Ə Ɛ Ƒ ƒ Ɠ Ɣ ƕ Ɩ Ɨ Ƙ ƙ ƚ ƛ Ɯ Ɲ ƞ Ɵ Ơ ơ Ƣ ƣ Ƥ ƥ Ʀ Ƨ ƨ Ʃ ƪ ƫ Ƭ ƭ Ʈ Ư ư Ʊ Ʋ Ƴ ƴ Ƶ ƶ Ʒ Ƹ ƹ ƺ ƻ Ƽ ƽ ƾ ƿ ǀ ǁ ǂ ǃ DŽ Dž dž LJ Lj lj NJ Nj nj |
| IPA Extensions [5] | ɐ ɑ ɒ ɓ ɔ ɕ ɖ ɗ ɘ ə ɚ ɛ ɜ ɝ ɞ ɟ ɠ ɡ ɢ ɣ ɤ ɥ ɦ ɧ ɨ ɩ ɪ ɫ ɬ ɭ ɮ ɯ ɰ ɱ ɲ ɳ ɴ ɵ ɶ ɷ ɸ ɹ ɺ ɻ ɼ ɽ ɾ ɿ ʀ ʁ ʂ ʃ ʄ ʅ ʆ ʇ ʈ ʉ ʊ ʋ ʌ ʍ ʎ ʏ ʐ ʑ ʒ ʓ ʔ ʕ ʖ ʗ ʘ ʙ ʚ ʛ ʜ ʝ ʞ ʟ ʠ ʡ ʢ ʣ ʤ ʥ ʦ ʧ ʨ ʩ ʪ ʫ ʬ ʭ ʮ ʯ |
| Spacing Modifier Letters [6] | ʰ ʱ ʲ ʳ ʴ ʵ ʶ ʷ ʸ ʹ ʺ ʻ ʼ ʽ ʾ ʿ ˀ ˁ ˂ ˃ ˄ ˅ ˆ ˇ ˈ ˉ ˊ ˋ ˌ ˍ ˎ ˏ ː ˑ ˒ ˓ ˔ ˕ ˖ ˗ |
| Combining Diacritical Marks [7] | ̀ ́ ̂ ̃ ̄ ̅ ̆ ̇ ̈ ̉ ̊ ̋ ̌ ̍ ̎ ̏ ̐ ̑ ̒ ̓ ̔ ̕ ̖ ̗ ̘ ̙ ̚ ̛ ̜ ̝ ̞ ̟ ̠ ̡ ̢ ̣ ̤ ̥ ̦ ̧ ̨ ̩ ̪ ̫ ̬ ̭ ̮ ̯ ̰ ̱ ̲ ̳ ̴ ̵ ̶ ̷ ̸ ̹ ̺ ̻ ̼ ̽ ̾ ̿ |
| Greek and Coptic [8] | Ͱ ͱ Ͳ ͳ ʹ ͵ Ͷ ͷ ͺ ͻ ͼ ͽ ; Ϳ ΄ ΅ Ά |
| Cyrillic [9] | Ѐ Ё Ђ Ѓ Є Ѕ І Ї Ј Љ Њ Ћ Ќ Ѝ Ў Џ А Б В Г Д Е Ж З И Й К Л М Н О П Р С Т У Ф Х Ц Ч Ш Щ Ъ Ы Ь Э Ю Я |
| Cyrillic Supplement [10] | Ԁ ԁ Ԃ ԃ Ԅ ԅ Ԇ ԇ Ԉ ԉ Ԋ ԋ Ԍ ԍ Ԏ ԏ Ԑ ԑ Ԓ ԓ Ԕ ԕ Ԗ ԗ Ԙ ԙ |
| Armenian [11] | Ա Բ Գ Դ Ե Զ Է Ը Թ Ժ Ի Լ Խ Ծ Կ Հ Ձ Ղ Ճ Մ Յ Ն Շ Ո Չ Պ Ջ Ռ Ս Վ Տ Ր Ց Ւ Փ Ք Օ Ֆ ՙ ՚ ՛ ՜ ՝ ՞ ՟ ՠ ա բ գ դ ե զ է ը թ ժ ի լ խ ծ կ հ ձ ղ ճ մ յ ն շ ո չ պ ջ ռ ս վ տ ր ց ւ փ ք օ ֆ և ֈ |
| Hebrew [12] | ֑ ֒ ֓ ֔ ֕ ֖ ֗ ֘ ֙ ֚ ֛ ֜ ֝ ֞ ֟ ֠ ֡ ֢ ֣ ֤ ֥ ֦ ֧ ֨ ֩ ֪ ֫ ֬ ֭ ֮ ֯ ְ ֱ ֲ ֳ ִ ֵ ֶ ַ ָ ֹ ֺ ֻ ּ ֽ ־ ֿ ׀ ׁ ׂ ׃ |
| Arabic [13] | ؆ ؇ ؈ ؉ ؊ ؋ ، ؍ ؎ ؏ ؐ ؑ ؒ ؓ ؔ |
| Syriac [14] | ܀ ܁ ܂ ܃ ܄ ܅ ܆ ܇ ܈ ܉ ܊ ܋ ܌ ܍ ܐ ܑ ܒ ܓ ܔ ܕ ܖ ܗ ܘ ܙ ܚ ܛ ܜ ܝ ܞ ܟ ܠ ܡ ܢ ܣ ܤ ܥ ܦ ܧ ܨ ܩ ܪ ܫ ܬ |
| Arabic Supplement [15] | ݐ ݑ ݒ ݓ ݔ ݕ ݖ ݗ ݘ ݙ ݚ ݛ ݜ ݝ ݞ ݟ ݠ ݡ ݢ ݣ ݤ ݥ ݦ ݧ ݨ ݩ ݪ ݫ ݬ ݭ ݮ ݯ ݰ ݱ ݲ ݳ ݴ ݵ ݶ ݷ ݸ ݹ ݺ ݻ ݼ ݽ |
| Thaana [16] | ހ ށ ނ ރ ބ ޅ ކ އ ވ މ ފ ދ ތ ލ ގ ޏ ސ ޑ ޒ ޓ ޔ ޕ ޖ ޗ ޘ ޙ ޚ ޛ ޜ ޝ ޞ ޟ ޠ ޡ ޢ ޣ ޤ ޥ |
| NKo [17] | ߀ ߁ ߂ ߃ ߄ ߅ ߆ ߇ ߈ ߉ ߊ ߋ ߌ ߍ ߎ ߏ ߐ ߑ ߒ ߓ ߔ ߕ ߖ ߗ ߘ ߙ ߚ ߛ ߜ ߝ ߞ ߟ ߠ ߡ ߢ ߣ ߤ ߥ ߦ ߧ |
| Samaritan [18] | ࠀ ࠁ ࠂ ࠃ ࠄ ࠅ ࠆ ࠇ ࠈ ࠉ ࠊ ࠋ ࠌ ࠍ ࠎ ࠏ ࠐ ࠑ ࠒ ࠓ ࠔ ࠕ ࠖ ࠗ ࠘ ࠙ ࠚ ࠛ ࠜ ࠝ ࠞ ࠟ ࠠ ࠡ ࠢ ࠣ ࠤ ࠥ ࠦ ࠧ ࠨ ࠩ ࠪ ࠫ ࠬ |
| Mandaic [19] | ࡀ ࡁ ࡂ ࡃ ࡄ ࡅ ࡆ ࡇ ࡈ ࡉ ࡊ ࡋ ࡌ ࡍ ࡎ ࡏ ࡐ ࡑ ࡒ ࡓ ࡔ ࡕ ࡖ ࡗ ࡘ ࡙ ࡚ ࡛ ࡞ |
| Syriac Supplement [20] | ࡠ ࡡ ࡢ ࡣ ࡤ ࡥ ࡦ ࡧ ࡨ ࡩ ࡪ (11 / 0 / U+0860–U+086A) |
| Arabic Extended-B [21] | ࡰ ࡱ ࡲ ࡳ ࡴ ࡵ ࡶ ࡷ ࡸ ࡹ ࡺ ࡻ ࡼ ࡽ ࡾ ࡿ ࢀ ࢁ ࢂ ࢃ ࢄ ࢅ ࢆ ࢇ ࢈ ࢉ ࢊ ࢋ ࢌ ࢍ ࢎ ࢘ ࢙ ࢚ ࢛ ࢜ ࢝ ࢞ ࢟ |
| Arabic Extended-A [22] | ࢠ ࢡ ࢢ ࢣ ࢤ ࢥ ࢦ ࢧ ࢨ ࢩ ࢪ ࢫ ࢬ ࢭ ࢮ ࢯ ࢰ ࢱ ࢲ |
| Devanagari [23] | ऀ ँ ं ः ऄ अ आ इ ई उ ऊ ऋ ऌ ऍ ऎ ए ऐ ऑ ऒ ओ औ क ख ग घ ङ च छ ज झ ञ ट ठ ड ढ ण त थ द ध न ऩ प फ ब भ म य र ऱ ल ळ ऴ व श ष स ह |
| Bengali [24] | ঀ ঁ ং ঃ অ আ ই ঈ উ ঊ ঋ ঌ এ ঐ ও ঔ ক খ গ ঘ ঙ চ ছ জ ঝ ঞ ট ঠ ড ঢ ণ ত থ দ ধ ন প ফ ব ভ ম য র ল শ ষ স হ |
| Gurmukhi [25] | ਁ ਂ ਃ ਅ ਆ ਇ ਈ ਉ ਊ ਏ ਐ ਓ ਔ ਕ ਖ ਗ ਘ ਙ ਚ ਛ ਜ ਝ ਞ ਟ ਠ ਡ ਢ ਣ ਤ ਥ ਦ ਧ ਨ ਪ ਫ ਬ ਭ ਮ ਯ ਰ ਲ ਲ਼ ਵ ਸ਼ ਸ ਹ |
| Gujarati [26] | ઁ ં ઃ અ આ ઇ ઈ ઉ ઊ ઋ ઌ ઍ એ ઐ ઑ ઓ ઔ ક ખ ગ ઘ ઙ ચ છ જ ઝ ઞ ટ ઠ ડ ઢ ણ ત થ દ ધ ન પ ફ બ ભ મ ય ર લ ળ વ શ ષ સ હ |
| Oriya [27] | ଁ ଂ ଃ ଅ ଆ ଇ ଈ ଉ ଊ ଋ ଌ ଏ ଐ ଓ ଔ କ ଖ ଗ ଘ ଙ ଚ ଛ ଜ ଝ ଞ ଟ ଠ ଡ ଢ ଣ ତ ଥ ଦ ଧ ନ ପ ଫ ବ ଭ ମ ଯ ର ଲ ଳ ଵ ଶ ଷ ସ ହ |
| Tamil [28] | ஂ ஃ அ ஆ இ ஈ உ ஊ எ ஏ ஐ ஒ ஓ ஔ க ங ச ஜ ஞ ட ண த ந ன ப ம ய ர ற ல ள ழ வ ஶ ஷ ஸ ஹ |
| Telugu [29] | ఀ ఁ ం ః ఄ అ ఆ ఇ ఈ ఉ ఊ ఋ ఌ ఎ ఏ ఐ ఒ ఓ ఔ క ఖ గ ఘ ఙ చ ఛ జ ఝ ఞ ట ఠ డ ఢ ణ త థ ద ధ న ప ఫ బ భ మ య ర ఱ ల ళ ఴ వ శ ష స హ |
| Kannada [30] | ಀ ಁ ಂ ಃ ಄ ಅ ಆ ಇ ಈ ಉ ಊ ಋ ಌ ಎ ಏ ಐ ಒ ಓ ಔ ಕ ಖ ಗ ಘ ಙ ಚ ಛ ಜ ಝ ಞ ಟ ಠ ಡ ಢ ಣ ತ ಥ ದ ಧ ನ ಪ ಫ ಬ ಭ ಮ ಯ ರ ಱ ಲ ಳ ವ ಶ ಷ ಸ ಹ |
| Malayalam [31] | ഀ ഁ ം ഃ ഄ അ ആ ഇ ഈ ഉ ഊ ഋ ഌ എ ഏ ഐ ഒ ഓ ഔ ക ഖ ഗ ഘ ങ ച ഛ ജ ഝ ഞ ട ഠ ഡ ഢ ണ ത ഥ ദ ധ ന ഩ പ ഫ ബ ഭ മ യ ര റ ല ള ഴ വ ശ ഷ സ ഹ ഺ |
| Sinhala [32] | ඁ ං ඃ අ ආ ඇ ඈ ඉ ඊ උ ඌ ඍ ඎ ඏ ඐ එ ඒ ඓ ඔ ඕ ඖ ක ඛ ග ඝ ඞ ඟ ච ඡ ජ ඣ ඤ ඥ ඦ ට ඨ ඩ ඪ ණ ඬ ත ථ ද ධ න ඳ ප ඵ බ භ ම ඹ ය ර ල ව ශ ෂ ස හ ළ ෆ |
| Thai [33] | ก ข ฃ ค ฅ ฆ ง จ ฉ ช ซ ฌ ญ ฎ ฏ ฐ ฑ ฒ ณ ด ต ถ ท ธ น บ ป ผ ฝ พ ฟ ภ ม ย ร ฤ ล ฦ ว ศ ษ ส ห ฬ อ ฮ ฯ ะ ั า ำ ิ ี ึ ื ุ ู ฺ |
| Lao [34] | ກ ຂ ຄ ຆ ງ ຈ ຉ ຊ ຌ ຍ ຎ ຏ ຐ ຑ ຒ ຓ ດ ຕ ຖ ທ ຘ ນ ບ ປ ຜ ຝ ພ ຟ ຠ ມ ຢ ຣ ລ ວ ຨ ຩ ສ ຫ ຬ ອ ຮ ຯ ະ ັ າ ຳ ິ ີ ຶ ື ຸ ູ |
| Tibetan [35] | ༀ ༁ ༂ ༃ ༄ ༅ ༆ ༇ ༈ ༉ ༊ ་ ༌ ། ༎ ༏ ༐ ༑ ༒ ༓ ༔ |
| Myanmar [36] | က ခ ဂ ဃ င စ ဆ ဇ ဈ ဉ ည ဋ ဌ ဍ ဎ ဏ တ ထ ဒ ဓ န ပ ဖ ဗ ဘ မ ယ ရ လ ဝ သ ဟ ဠ အ ဢ ဣ ဤ ဥ ဦ ဧ ဨ ဩ ဪ |
| Georgian [37] | Ⴀ Ⴁ Ⴂ Ⴃ Ⴄ Ⴅ Ⴆ Ⴇ Ⴈ Ⴉ Ⴊ Ⴋ Ⴌ Ⴍ Ⴎ Ⴏ Ⴐ Ⴑ Ⴒ Ⴓ Ⴔ Ⴕ Ⴖ Ⴗ Ⴘ Ⴙ Ⴚ Ⴛ Ⴜ Ⴝ Ⴞ Ⴟ Ⴠ Ⴡ Ⴢ Ⴣ Ⴤ Ⴥ Ⴧ Ⴭ ა ბ გ დ ე ვ ზ თ ი კ ლ მ ნ ო პ ჟ რ ს ტ უ ფ ქ ღ ყ შ ჩ ც ძ წ ჭ ხ ჯ ჰ |
| Hangul Jamo [38] | ᄀ ᄁ ᄂ ᄃ ᄄ ᄅ ᄆ ᄇ ᄈ ᄉ ᄊ ᄋ ᄌ ᄍ ᄎ ᄏ ᄐ ᄑ ᄒ ᄓ ᄔ ᄕ ᄖ ᄗ ᄘ ᄙ ᄚ ᄛ ᄜ ᄝ ᄞ ᄟ ᄠ ᄡ ᄢ ᄣ ᄤ ᄥ ᄦ ᄧ ᄨ ᄩ ᄪ ᄫ ᄬ ᄭ ᄮ ᄯ ᄰ ᄱ ᄲ ᄳ ᄴ ᄵ ᄶ ᄷ ᄸ ᄹ ᄺ ᄻ ᄼ ᄽ ᄾ ᄿ ᅀ ᅁ ᅂ ᅃ ᅄ ᅅ ᅆ ᅇ ᅈ ᅉ ᅊ ᅋ ᅌ ᅍ ᅎ ᅏ ᅐ ᅑ ᅒ ᅓ ᅔ ᅕ ᅖ ᅗ ᅘ ᅙ ᅚ ᅛ ᅜ ᅝ ᅞ ᅟ |
| Ethiopic [39] | ሀ ሁ ሂ ሃ ሄ ህ ሆ ሇ ለ ሉ ሊ ላ ሌ ል ሎ ሏ ሐ ሑ ሒ ሓ ሔ ሕ ሖ ሗ መ ሙ ሚ ማ ሜ ም ሞ ሟ ሠ ሡ ሢ ሣ ሤ ሥ ሦ ሧ ረ ሩ ሪ ራ ሬ ር ሮ ሯ ሰ ሱ ሲ ሳ ሴ ስ ሶ ሷ ሸ ሹ ሺ ሻ ሼ ሽ ሾ ሿ ቀ ቁ ቂ ቃ ቄ ቅ ቆ ቇ ቈ ቊ ቋ ቌ ቍ ቐ ቑ ቒ ቓ ቔ ቕ ቖ ቘ ቚ ቛ ቜ ቝ በ ቡ ቢ ባ ቤ ብ ቦ ቧ ቨ ቩ ቪ ቫ ቬ ቭ ቮ ቯ ተ ቱ ቲ ታ ቴ ት ቶ ቷ ቸ ቹ ቺ ቻ ቼ ች ቾ ቿ ኀ ኁ ኂ ኃ ኄ ኅ ኆ ኇ ኈ ኊ ኋ ኌ ኍ ነ ኑ ኒ ና ኔ ን ኖ ኗ ኘ ኙ ኚ ኛ ኜ ኝ ኞ ኟ አ ኡ ኢ ኣ ኤ እ ኦ ኧ ከ ኩ ኪ ካ ኬ ክ ኮ ኯ ኰ ኲ ኳ ኴ ኵ ኸ ኹ ኺ ኻ ኼ ኽ ኾ ዀ ዂ ዃ ዄ ዅ ወ ዉ ዊ ዋ ዌ ው ዎ ዏ ዐ ዑ ዒ ዓ ዔ ዕ ዖ ዘ ዙ ዚ ዛ ዜ ዝ ዞ ዟ ዠ ዡ ዢ ዣ ዤ ዥ ዦ ዧ የ ዩ ዪ ያ ዬ ይ ዮ ዯ ደ ዱ ዲ ዳ ዴ ድ ዶ ዷ ዸ ዹ ዺ ዻ ዼ ዽ ዾ ዿ ጀ ጁ ጂ ጃ ጄ ጅ ጆ ጇ ገ ጉ ጊ ጋ ጌ ግ ጎ ጏ ጐ ጒ ጓ ጔ ጕ ጘ ጙ ጚ ጛ ጜ ጝ ጞ ጟ ጠ ጡ ጢ ጣ ጤ ጥ ጦ ጧ ጨ ጩ ጪ ጫ ጬ ጭ ጮ ጯ ጰ ጱ ጲ ጳ ጴ ጵ ጶ ጷ ጸ ጹ ጺ ጻ ጼ ጽ ጾ ጿ ፀ ፁ ፂ ፃ ፄ ፅ ፆ ፇ ፈ ፉ ፊ ፋ ፌ ፍ ፎ ፏ ፐ ፑ ፒ ፓ ፔ ፕ ፖ ፗ ፘ ፙ ፚ ፝ ፞ ፟ ፠ ፡ ። ፣ ፤ ፥ ፦ ፧ ፨ |
| Ethiopic Supplement [40] | ᎀ ᎁ ᎂ ᎃ ᎄ ᎅ ᎆ ᎇ ᎈ ᎉ ᎊ ᎋ ᎌ ᎍ ᎎ ᎏ ᎐ ᎑ ᎒ ᎓ ᎔ ᎕ ᎖ ᎗ ᎘ ᎙ |
| Cherokee [41] | Ꭰ Ꭱ Ꭲ Ꭳ Ꭴ Ꭵ Ꭶ Ꭷ Ꭸ Ꭹ Ꭺ Ꭻ Ꭼ Ꭽ Ꭾ Ꭿ Ꮀ Ꮁ Ꮂ Ꮃ Ꮄ Ꮅ Ꮆ Ꮇ Ꮈ Ꮉ Ꮊ Ꮋ Ꮌ Ꮍ Ꮎ Ꮏ Ꮐ Ꮑ Ꮒ Ꮓ Ꮔ Ꮕ Ꮖ Ꮗ Ꮘ Ꮙ Ꮚ Ꮛ Ꮜ Ꮝ Ꮞ Ꮟ Ꮠ Ꮡ Ꮢ Ꮣ Ꮤ Ꮥ Ꮦ Ꮧ Ꮨ Ꮩ Ꮪ Ꮫ Ꮬ Ꮭ Ꮮ Ꮯ Ꮰ Ꮱ Ꮲ Ꮳ Ꮴ Ꮵ Ꮶ Ꮷ Ꮸ Ꮹ Ꮺ Ꮻ Ꮼ Ꮽ Ꮾ Ꮿ Ᏸ Ᏹ Ᏺ Ᏻ Ᏼ Ᏽ ᏸ ᏹ ᏺ ᏻ ᏼ ᏽ |
| Unified Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics [42] | ᐀ ᐁ ᐂ ᐃ ᐄ ᐅ ᐆ ᐇ ᐈ ᐉ ᐊ ᐋ ᐌ ᐍ ᐎ ᐏ ᐐ ᐑ ᐒ ᐓ ᐔ ᐕ ᐖ ᐗ ᐘ ᐙ ᐚ ᐛ ᐜ ᐝ ᐞ ᐟ ᐠ ᐡ ᐢ ᐣ ᐤ ᐥ ᐦ ᐧ ᐨ ᐩ ᐪ ᐫ ᐬ ᐭ ᐮ ᐯ ᐰ ᐱ ᐲ ᐳ ᐴ ᐵ ᐶ ᐷ ᐸ ᐹ ᐺ ᐻ ᐼ ᐽ ᐾ ᐿ ᑀ ᑁ ᑂ ᑃ ᑄ ᑅ ᑆ ᑇ ᑈ ᑉ ᑊ ᑋ ᑌ ᑍ ᑎ ᑏ ᑐ ᑑ ᑒ ᑓ ᑔ ᑕ ᑖ ᑗ ᑘ ᑙ ᑚ ᑛ ᑜ ᑝ ᑞ ᑟ ᑠ ᑡ ᑢ ᑣ ᑤ ᑥ ᑦ ᑧ ᑨ ᑩ ᑪ ᑫ ᑬ ᑭ ᑮ ᑯ ᑰ ᑱ ᑲ ᑳ ᑴ ᑵ ᑶ ᑷ ᑸ ᑹ ᑺ ᑻ ᑼ ᑽ ᑾ ᑿ ᒀ ᒁ ᒂ ᒃ ᒄ ᒅ ᒆ ᒇ ᒈ ᒉ ᒊ ᒋ ᒌ ᒍ ᒎ ᒏ ᒐ ᒑ ᒒ ᒓ ᒔ ᒕ ᒖ ᒗ ᒘ ᒙ ᒚ ᒛ ᒜ ᒝ ᒞ ᒟ ᒠ ᒡ ᒢ ᒣ ᒤ ᒥ ᒦ ᒧ ᒨ ᒩ ᒪ ᒫ ᒬ ᒭ ᒮ ᒯ ᒰ ᒱ ᒲ ᒳ ᒴ ᒵ ᒶ ᒷ ᒸ ᒹ ᒺ ᒻ ᒼ ᒽ ᒾ ᒿ ᓀ ᓁ ᓂ ᓃ ᓄ ᓅ ᓆ ᓇ ᓈ ᓉ ᓊ ᓋ ᓌ ᓍ ᓎ ᓏ ᓐ ᓑ ᓒ ᓓ ᓔ ᓕ ᓖ ᓗ ᓘ ᓙ ᓚ ᓛ ᓜ ᓝ ᓞ ᓟ ᓠ ᓡ ᓢ ᓣ ᓤ ᓥ ᓦ ᓧ ᓨ ᓩ ᓪ ᓫ ᓬ ᓭ ᓮ ᓯ ᓰ ᓱ ᓲ ᓳ ᓴ ᓵ ᓶ ᓷ ᓸ ᓹ ᓺ ᓻ ᓼ ᓽ ᓾ ᓿ ᔀ ᔁ ᔂ ᔃ ᔄ ᔅ ᔆ ᔇ ᔈ ᔉ ᔊ ᔋ ᔌ ᔍ ᔎ ᔏ ᔐ ᔑ ᔒ ᔓ ᔔ ᔕ ᔖ ᔗ ᔘ ᔙ ᔚ ᔛ ᔜ ᔝ ᔞ ᔟ ᔠ ᔡ ᔢ ᔣ ᔤ ᔥ ᔦ ᔧ ᔨ ᔩ ᔪ ᔫ ᔬ ᔭ ᔮ ᔯ ᔰ ᔱ ᔲ ᔳ ᔴ ᔵ ᔶ ᔷ ᔸ ᔹ ᔺ ᔻ ᔼ ᔽ ᔾ ᔿ ᕀ ᕁ ᕂ ᕃ ᕄ ᕅ ᕆ ᕇ ᕈ ᕉ ᕊ ᕋ ᕌ ᕍ ᕎ ᕏ ᕐ ᕑ ᕒ ᕓ ᕔ ᕕ ᕖ ᕗ ᕘ ᕙ ᕚ ᕛ ᕜ ᕝ ᕞ ᕟ ᕠ ᕡ ᕢ ᕣ ᕤ ᕥ ᕦ ᕧ ᕨ ᕩ ᕪ ᕫ ᕬ ᕭ ᕮ ᕯ ᕰ ᕱ ᕲ ᕳ ᕴ ᕵ ᕶ ᕷ ᕸ ᕹ ᕺ ᕻ ᕼ ᕽ ᕾ ᕿ ᖀ ᖁ ᖂ ᖃ ᖄ ᖅ ᖆ ᖇ ᖈ ᖉ ᖊ ᖋ ᖌ ᖍ ᖎ ᖏ ᖐ ᖑ ᖒ ᖓ ᖔ ᖕ ᖖ ᖗ ᖘ ᖙ ᖚ ᖛ ᖜ ᖝ ᖞ ᖟ ᖠ ᖡ ᖢ ᖣ ᖤ ᖥ ᖦ ᖧ ᖨ ᖩ ᖪ ᖫ ᖬ ᖭ ᖮ ᖯ ᖰ ᖱ ᖲ ᖳ ᖴ ᖵ ᖶ ᖷ ᖸ ᖹ ᖺ ᖻ ᖼ ᖽ ᖾ ᖿ ᗀ ᗁ ᗂ ᗃ ᗄ ᗅ ᗆ ᗇ ᗈ ᗉ ᗊ ᗋ ᗌ ᗍ ᗎ ᗏ ᗐ ᗑ ᗒ ᗓ ᗔ ᗕ ᗖ ᗗ ᗘ ᗙ ᗚ ᗛ ᗜ ᗝ ᗞ ᗟ ᗠ ᗡ ᗢ ᗣ ᗤ ᗥ ᗦ ᗧ ᗨ ᗩ ᗪ ᗫ ᗬ ᗭ ᗮ ᗯ ᗰ ᗱ ᗲ ᗳ ᗴ ᗵ ᗶ ᗷ ᗸ ᗹ ᗺ ᗻ ᗼ ᗽ ᗾ ᗿ ᘀ ᘁ ᘂ ᘃ ᘄ ᘅ ᘆ ᘇ ᘈ ᘉ ᘊ ᘋ ᘌ ᘍ ᘎ ᘏ ᘐ ᘑ ᘒ ᘓ ᘔ ᘕ ᘖ ᘗ ᘘ ᘙ ᘚ ᘛ ᘜ ᘝ ᘞ ᘟ ᘠ ᘡ ᘢ ᘣ ᘤ ᘥ ᘦ ᘧ ᘨ ᘩ ᘪ ᘫ ᘬ ᘭ ᘮ ᘯ ᘰ ᘱ ᘲ ᘳ ᘴ ᘵ ᘶ ᘷ ᘸ ᘹ ᘺ ᘻ ᘼ ᘽ ᘾ ᘿ ᙀ ᙁ ᙂ ᙃ ᙄ ᙅ ᙆ ᙇ ᙈ ᙉ ᙊ ᙋ ᙌ ᙍ ᙎ ᙏ ᙐ ᙑ ᙒ ᙓ ᙔ ᙕ ᙖ ᙗ ᙘ ᙙ ᙚ ᙛ ᙜ ᙝ ᙞ ᙟ ᙠ ᙡ ᙢ ᙣ ᙤ ᙥ ᙦ ᙧ ᙨ ᙩ ᙪ ᙫ ᙬ |
| Ogham [43] | ᚁ ᚂ ᚃ ᚄ ᚅ ᚆ ᚇ ᚈ ᚉ ᚊ ᚋ ᚌ ᚍ ᚎ ᚏ ᚐ ᚑ ᚒ ᚓ ᚔ ᚕ ᚖ ᚗ ᚘ ᚙ ᚚ ᚛ ᚜ |
| Runic [44] | ᚠ ᚡ ᚢ ᚣ ᚤ ᚥ ᚦ ᚧ ᚨ ᚩ ᚪ ᚫ ᚬ ᚭ ᚮ ᚯ ᚰ ᚱ ᚲ ᚳ ᚴ ᚵ ᚶ ᚷ ᚸ ᚹ ᚺ ᚻ ᚼ ᚽ ᚾ ᚿ ᛀ ᛁ ᛂ ᛃ ᛄ ᛅ ᛆ ᛇ ᛈ ᛉ ᛊ ᛋ ᛌ ᛍ ᛎ ᛏ ᛐ ᛑ ᛒ ᛓ ᛔ ᛕ ᛖ ᛗ ᛘ ᛙ ᛚ ᛛ ᛜ ᛝ ᛞ ᛟ ᛠ ᛡ ᛢ ᛣ ᛤ ᛥ ᛦ ᛧ ᛨ ᛩ ᛪ ᛫ ᛬ ᛭ ᛮ ᛯ ᛰ ᛱ ᛲ ᛳ |
| Tagalog [45] | ᜀ ᜁ ᜂ ᜃ ᜄ ᜅ ᜆ ᜇ ᜈ ᜉ ᜊ ᜋ ᜌ ᜍ ᜎ ᜏ ᜐ ᜑ ᜒ ᜓ ᜔ ᜕ ᜟ |
| Hanunoo [46] | ᜠ ᜡ ᜢ ᜣ ᜤ ᜥ ᜦ ᜧ ᜨ ᜩ ᜪ ᜫ ᜬ ᜭ ᜮ ᜯ ᜰ ᜱ ᜲ ᜳ ᜴ ᜵ ᜶ |
| Buhid [47] | ᝀ ᝁ ᝂ ᝃ ᝄ ᝅ ᝆ ᝇ ᝈ ᝉ ᝊ ᝋ ᝌ ᝍ ᝎ ᝏ ᝐ ᝑ ᝒ ᝓ |
| Tagbanwa [48] | ᝠ ᝡ ᝢ ᝣ ᝤ ᝥ ᝦ ᝧ ᝨ ᝩ ᝪ ᝫ ᝬ ᝮ ᝯ ᝰ ᝲ ᝳ |
| Khmer [49] | ក ខ គ ឃ ង ច ឆ ជ ឈ ញ ដ ឋ ឌ ឍ ណ ត ថ ទ ធ ន ប ផ ព ភ ម យ រ ល វ ឝ ឞ ស ហ ឡ អ ឣ ឤ ឥ ឦ ឧ ឨ ឩ ឪ ឫ ឬ ឭ ឮ ឯ ឰ ឱ ឲ ឳ |
| Mongolian [50] | ᠀ ᠁ ᠂ ᠃ ᠄ ᠅ ᠆ ᠇ ᠈ ᠉ ᠊ ᠋ ᠌ ᠍ ᠏ ᠐ ᠑ ᠒ ᠓ ᠔ ᠕ ᠖ ᠗ ᠘ ᠙ |
| Unified Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics Extended [51] | ᢰ ᢱ ᢲ ᢳ ᢴ ᢵ ᢶ ᢷ ᢸ ᢹ ᢺ ᢻ ᢼ ᢽ ᢾ ᢿ ᣀ ᣁ ᣂ ᣃ ᣄ ᣅ ᣆ ᣇ ᣈ ᣉ ᣊ ᣋ ᣌ ᣍ ᣎ ᣏ ᣐ ᣑ ᣒ ᣓ |
| Limbu [52] | ᤀ ᤁ ᤂ ᤃ ᤄ ᤅ ᤆ ᤇ ᤈ ᤉ ᤊ ᤋ ᤌ ᤍ ᤎ ᤏ ᤐ ᤑ ᤒ ᤓ ᤔ ᤕ ᤖ ᤗ ᤘ ᤙ ᤚ ᤛ ᤜ ᤝ ᤞ ᤠ ᤡ ᤢ ᤣ ᤤ ᤥ ᤦ ᤧ ᤨ |
| Tai Le [53] | ᥐ ᥑ ᥒ ᥓ ᥔ ᥕ ᥖ ᥗ ᥘ ᥙ ᥚ ᥛ ᥜ ᥝ ᥞ ᥟ ᥠ ᥡ ᥢ ᥣ ᥤ ᥥ ᥦ ᥧ ᥨ ᥩ ᥪ ᥫ ᥬ ᥭ |
| New Tai Lue [54] | ᦀ ᦁ ᦂ ᦃ ᦄ ᦅ ᦆ ᦇ ᦈ ᦉ ᦊ ᦋ ᦌ ᦍ ᦎ ᦏ ᦐ ᦑ ᦒ ᦓ ᦔ ᦕ ᦖ ᦗ ᦘ ᦙ ᦚ ᦛ ᦜ ᦝ ᦞ ᦟ ᦠ ᦡ ᦢ ᦣ ᦤ ᦥ ᦦ ᦧ ᦨ ᦩ ᦪ ᦫ ᦰ ᦱ ᦲ ᦳ ᦴ ᦵ ᦶ ᦷ ᦸ ᦹ ᦺ ᦻ ᦼ ᦽ ᦾ ᦿ ᧀ |
| Khmer Symbols [55] | ᧠ ᧡ ᧢ ᧣ ᧤ ᧥ ᧦ ᧧ ᧨ ᧩ ᧪ ᧫ ᧬ ᧭ ᧮ ᧯ ᧰ ᧱ ᧲ ᧳ ᧴ ᧵ ᧶ ᧷ ᧸ ᧹ ᧺ ᧻ ᧼ ᧽ ᧾ ᧿ (32 / 0 / U+19E0–U+19FF) |
| Buginese [56] | ᨀ ᨁ ᨂ ᨃ ᨄ ᨅ ᨆ ᨇ ᨈ ᨉ ᨊ ᨋ ᨌ ᨍ ᨎ ᨏ ᨐ ᨑ ᨒ ᨓ ᨔ ᨕ ᨖ ᨗ ᨘ ᨙ ᨚ ᨛ ᨞ ᨟ |
| Tai Tham [57] | ᨠ ᨡ ᨢ ᨣ ᨤ ᨥ ᨦ ᨧ ᨨ ᨩ ᨪ ᨫ ᨬ ᨭ ᨮ ᨯ ᨰ ᨱ ᨲ ᨳ ᨴ ᨵ ᨶ ᨷ ᨸ ᨹ ᨺ ᨻ ᨼ ᨽ ᨾ ᨿ ᩀ ᩁ ᩂ ᩃ ᩄ ᩅ ᩆ ᩇ ᩈ ᩉ ᩊ ᩋ ᩌ ᩍ ᩎ ᩏ ᩐ ᩑ ᩒ ᩓ ᩔ ᩕ ᩖ ᩗ ᩘ ᩙ ᩚ ᩛ ᩜ ᩝ ᩞ |
| Combining Diacritical Marks Extended [58] | ᪰ ᪱ ᪲ ᪳ ᪴ ᪵ ᪶ ᪷ ᪸ ᪹ ᪺ ᪻ ᪼ ᪽ ᪾ ᪿ ᫀ ᫁ ᫂ ᫃ ᫄ ᫅ |
| Balinese [59] | ᬀ ᬁ ᬂ ᬃ ᬄ ᬅ ᬆ ᬇ ᬈ ᬉ ᬊ ᬋ ᬌ ᬍ ᬎ ᬏ ᬐ ᬑ ᬒ ᬓ ᬔ ᬕ ᬖ ᬗ ᬘ ᬙ ᬚ ᬛ ᬜ ᬝ ᬞ ᬟ ᬠ ᬡ ᬢ ᬣ ᬤ ᬥ ᬦ ᬧ ᬨ ᬩ ᬪ ᬫ ᬬ ᬭ ᬮ ᬯ ᬰ ᬱ ᬲ ᬳ |
| Sundanese [60] | ᮀ ᮁ ᮂ ᮃ ᮄ ᮅ ᮆ ᮇ ᮈ ᮉ ᮊ ᮋ ᮌ ᮍ ᮎ ᮏ ᮐ ᮑ ᮒ ᮓ ᮔ ᮕ ᮖ ᮗ ᮘ ᮙ ᮚ ᮛ ᮜ ᮝ ᮞ ᮟ ᮠ |
| Batak [61] | ᯀ ᯁ ᯂ ᯃ ᯄ ᯅ ᯆ ᯇ ᯈ ᯉ ᯊ ᯋ ᯌ ᯍ ᯎ ᯏ ᯐ ᯑ ᯒ ᯓ ᯔ ᯕ ᯖ ᯗ ᯘ ᯙ ᯚ ᯛ ᯜ ᯝ ᯞ ᯟ ᯠ ᯡ ᯢ ᯣ ᯤ ᯥ ᯦ ᯧ ᯨ ᯩ ᯪ ᯫ ᯬ ᯭ ᯮ ᯯ |
| Lepcha [62] | ᰀ ᰁ ᰂ ᰃ ᰄ ᰅ ᰆ ᰇ ᰈ ᰉ ᰊ ᰋ ᰌ ᰍ ᰎ ᰏ ᰐ ᰑ ᰒ ᰓ ᰔ ᰕ ᰖ ᰗ ᰘ ᰙ ᰚ ᰛ ᰜ ᰝ ᰞ ᰟ ᰠ ᰡ ᰢ ᰣ ᰤ ᰥ ᰦ ᰧ ᰨ ᰩ ᰪ ᰫ ᰬ |
| Ol Chiki [63] | ᱐ ᱑ ᱒ ᱓ ᱔ ᱕ ᱖ ᱗ ᱘ ᱙ ᱚ ᱛ ᱜ ᱝ ᱞ ᱟ ᱠ ᱡ ᱢ ᱣ ᱤ ᱥ ᱦ ᱧ ᱨ ᱩ ᱪ ᱫ ᱬ ᱭ ᱮ ᱯ ᱰ ᱱ ᱲ ᱳ ᱴ ᱵ ᱶ ᱷ |
| Cyrillic Extended-C [64] | ᲀ ᲁ ᲂ ᲃ ᲄ ᲅ ᲆ ᲇ ᲈ (9 / 0 / U+1C80–U+1C88) |
| Georgian Extended [65] | Ა Ბ Გ Დ Ე Ვ Ზ Თ Ი Კ Ლ Მ Ნ Ო Პ Ჟ Რ Ს Ტ Უ Ფ Ქ Ღ Ყ Შ Ჩ Ც Ძ Წ Ჭ Ხ Ჯ Ჰ Ჱ Ჲ Ჳ Ჴ Ჵ Ჶ Ჷ Ჸ Ჹ Ჺ |
| Sundanese Supplement [66] | ᳀ ᳁ ᳂ ᳃ ᳄ ᳅ ᳆ ᳇ (8 / 0 / U+1CC0–U+1CC7) |
| Vedic Extensions [67] | ᳐ ᳑ ᳒ ᳓ ᳔ ᳕ ᳖ ᳗ ᳘ ᳙ ᳚ ᳛ ᳜ ᳝ ᳞ ᳟ ᳠ ᳡ ᳢ ᳣ ᳤ ᳥ ᳦ ᳧ ᳨ |
| Phonetic Extensions [68] | ᴀ ᴁ ᴂ ᴃ ᴄ ᴅ ᴆ ᴇ ᴈ ᴉ ᴊ ᴋ ᴌ ᴍ ᴎ ᴏ ᴐ ᴑ ᴒ ᴓ ᴔ ᴕ ᴖ ᴗ ᴘ ᴙ ᴚ ᴛ ᴜ ᴝ ᴞ ᴟ ᴠ ᴡ ᴢ ᴣ ᴤ ᴥ ᴦ ᴧ ᴨ ᴩ ᴪ ᴫ ᴬ ᴭ ᴮ ᴯ ᴰ ᴱ ᴲ ᴳ ᴴ ᴵ ᴶ ᴷ ᴸ ᴹ ᴺ ᴻ ᴼ ᴽ ᴾ ᴿ ᵀ ᵁ ᵂ |
| Phonetic Extensions Supplement [69] | ᶀ ᶁ ᶂ ᶃ ᶄ ᶅ ᶆ ᶇ ᶈ ᶉ ᶊ ᶋ ᶌ ᶍ ᶎ ᶏ ᶐ ᶑ ᶒ ᶓ ᶔ ᶕ ᶖ ᶗ ᶘ ᶙ ᶚ |
| Combining Diacritical Marks Supplement [70] | ᷀ ᷁ ᷂ ᷃ ᷄ ᷅ ᷆ ᷇ ᷈ ᷉ ᷊ ᷋ ᷌ ᷍ ᷎ ᷏ ᷐ ᷑ ᷒ |
| Latin Extended Additional [71] | Ḁ ḁ Ḃ ḃ Ḅ ḅ Ḇ ḇ Ḉ ḉ Ḋ ḋ Ḍ ḍ Ḏ ḏ Ḑ ḑ Ḓ ḓ Ḕ ḕ Ḗ ḗ Ḙ ḙ Ḛ ḛ Ḝ ḝ Ḟ ḟ Ḡ ḡ Ḣ ḣ Ḥ ḥ Ḧ ḧ Ḩ ḩ Ḫ ḫ Ḭ ḭ Ḯ ḯ Ḱ ḱ Ḳ ḳ Ḵ ḵ Ḷ ḷ Ḹ ḹ Ḻ ḻ Ḽ ḽ Ḿ ḿ Ṁ ṁ Ṃ ṃ Ṅ ṅ Ṇ ṇ Ṉ ṉ Ṋ ṋ Ṍ ṍ Ṏ ṏ Ṑ ṑ Ṓ ṓ Ṕ ṕ Ṗ ṗ Ṙ ṙ Ṛ ṛ Ṝ ṝ Ṟ ṟ Ṡ ṡ Ṣ ṣ Ṥ ṥ Ṧ ṧ Ṩ ṩ Ṫ ṫ Ṭ ṭ Ṯ ṯ Ṱ ṱ Ṳ ṳ Ṵ ṵ Ṷ ṷ Ṹ ṹ Ṻ ṻ Ṽ ṽ Ṿ ṿ Ẁ ẁ Ẃ ẃ Ẅ ẅ Ẇ ẇ Ẉ ẉ Ẋ ẋ Ẍ ẍ Ẏ ẏ Ẑ ẑ Ẓ ẓ Ẕ ẕ ẖ ẗ ẘ ẙ ẚ ẛ ẜ ẝ ẞ ẟ Ạ ạ Ả |
| Greek Extended [72] | ἀ ἁ ἂ ἃ ἄ ἅ ἆ ἇ Ἀ Ἁ Ἂ Ἃ Ἄ Ἅ Ἆ Ἇ ἐ ἑ ἒ ἓ ἔ ἕ Ἐ Ἑ Ἒ Ἓ Ἔ Ἕ ἠ ἡ ἢ ἣ ἤ ἥ ἦ ἧ Ἠ Ἡ Ἢ Ἣ Ἤ Ἥ Ἦ Ἧ ἰ ἱ ἲ ἳ ἴ ἵ ἶ ἷ Ἰ Ἱ Ἲ Ἳ Ἴ Ἵ Ἶ Ἷ ὀ ὁ ὂ ὃ ὄ ὅ Ὀ Ὁ Ὂ Ὃ Ὄ Ὅ ὐ ὑ ὒ ὓ ὔ ὕ ὖ ὗ Ὑ Ὓ Ὕ Ὗ ὠ ὡ ὢ ὣ ὤ ὥ ὦ ὧ Ὠ Ὡ Ὢ Ὣ Ὤ Ὥ Ὦ Ὧ |
| General Punctuation [73] | ‐ ‑ ‒ – — ― |
| Superscripts and Subscripts [74] | ⁰ ⁱ ⁴ ⁵ ⁶ ⁷ ⁸ ⁹ ⁺ ⁻ ⁼ ⁽ ⁾ ⁿ ₀ ₁ ₂ ₃ ₄ ₅ ₆ ₇ ₈ ₉ ₊ ₋ ₌ ₍ ₎ |
| Currency Symbols [75] | ₠ ₡ ₢ ₣ ₤ ₥ ₦ ₧ ₨ ₩ ₪ ₫ € ₭ ₮ ₯ ₰ ₱ ₲ ₳ ₴ ₵ ₶ ₷ ₸ ₹ ₺ ₻ ₼ ₽ ₾ ₿ ⃀ (33 / 0 / U+20A0–U+20C0) |
| Combining Diacritical Marks for Symbols [76] | ⃐ ⃑ ⃒ ⃓ ⃔ ⃕ ⃖ ⃗ ⃘ ⃙ ⃚ ⃛ ⃜ ⃝ ⃞ ⃟ ⃠ ⃡ ⃢ ⃣ ⃤ ⃥ ⃦ ⃧ ⃨ ⃩ ⃪ ⃫ ⃬ ⃭ ⃮ ⃯ ⃰ |
| Letterlike Symbols [77] | ℀ ℁ ℂ ℃ ℄ ℅ ℆ ℇ ℈ ℉ ℊ ℋ ℌ ℍ ℎ ℏ ℐ ℑ ℒ ℓ ℔ ℕ № ℗ ℘ ℙ ℚ ℛ ℜ ℝ ℞ ℟ ℠ ℡ ™ ℣ ℤ ℥ Ω ℧ ℨ ℩ K Å ℬ ℭ ℮ ℯ ℰ ℱ Ⅎ ℳ ℴ ℵ ℶ ℷ ℸ ℹ ℺ ℻ ℼ ℽ ℾ ℿ |
| Number Forms [78] | ⅐ ⅑ ⅒ ⅓ ⅔ ⅕ ⅖ ⅗ ⅘ ⅙ ⅚ ⅛ ⅜ ⅝ ⅞ ⅟ Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ Ⅵ Ⅶ Ⅷ Ⅸ Ⅹ Ⅺ Ⅻ Ⅼ Ⅽ Ⅾ Ⅿ ⅰ ⅱ ⅲ ⅳ ⅴ ⅵ ⅶ ⅷ ⅸ ⅹ ⅺ ⅻ ⅼ ⅽ ⅾ ⅿ |
| Arrows [79] | ← ↑ → ↓ ↔ ↕ ↖ ↗ ↘ ↙ ↚ ↛ ↜ ↝ ↞ ↟ ↠ ↡ ↢ ↣ ↤ ↥ ↦ ↧ ↨ ↩ ↪ ↫ ↬ ↭ ↮ ↯ |
| Mathematical Operators [80] | ∀ ∁ ∂ ∃ ∄ ∅ ∆ ∇ ∈ ∉ ∊ ∋ ∌ ∍ ∎ ∏ ∐ ∑ |
| Miscellaneous Technical [81] | ⌀ ⌁ ⌂ ⌃ ⌄ ⌅ ⌆ ⌇ ⌈ ⌉ ⌊ ⌋ ⌌ ⌍ ⌎ ⌏ ⌐ ⌑ ⌒ ⌓ ⌔ ⌕ ⌖ ⌗ ⌘ ⌙ |
| Control Pictures [82] | ␀ ␁ ␂ ␃ ␄ ␅ ␆ ␇ ␈ ␉ ␊ ␋ ␌ ␍ ␎ ␏ ␐ ␑ ␒ ␓ ␔ ␕ ␖ ␗ ␘ ␙ ␚ ␛ ␜ ␝ ␞ ␟ ␠ ␡ ␢ ␣  ␥ ␦ |
| Optical Character Recognition [83] | ⑀ ⑁ ⑂ ⑃ ⑄ ⑅ ⑆ ⑇ ⑈ ⑉ ⑊ |
| Enclosed Alphanumerics [84] | ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ ⑧ ⑨ ⑩ ⑪ ⑫ ⑬ ⑭ ⑮ ⑯ ⑰ ⑱ ⑲ ⑳ ⑴ ⑵ ⑶ ⑷ ⑸ ⑹ ⑺ ⑻ ⑼ ⑽ ⑾ ⑿ ⒀ ⒁ ⒂ ⒃ ⒄ ⒅ ⒆ ⒇ |
| Box Drawing [85] | ─ ━ │ ┃ ┄ ┅ ┆ ┇ ┈ ┉ ┊ ┋ ┌ ┍ ┎ ┏ ┐ ┑ ┒ ┓ └ ┕ ┖ ┗ ┘ ┙ ┚ ┛ ├ ┝ ┞ ┟ ┠ ┡ ┢ ┣ ┤ ┥ ┦ ┧ ┨ ┩ ┪ ┫ ┬ ┭ ┮ ┯ ┰ ┱ ┲ ┳ ┴ ┵ ┶ ┷ ┸ ┹ ┺ ┻ ┼ ┽ ┾ ┿ ╀ ╁ ╂ ╃ ╄ ╅ ╆ ╇ ╈ ╉ ╊ ╋ |
| Block Elements [86] | ▀ ▁ ▂ ▃ ▄ ▅ ▆ ▇ █ ▉ ▊ ▋ ▌ ▍ ▎ ▏ ▐ ░ ▒ ▓ ▔ ▕ ▖ ▗ ▘ ▙ ▚ ▛ ▜ ▝ ▞ ▟ |
| Geometric Shapes [87] | ■ □ ▢ ▣ ▤ ▥ ▦ ▧ ▨ ▩ ▪ ▫ ▬ ▭ ▮ ▯ ▰ ▱ ▲ △ ▴ ▵ ▶ ▷ ▸ ▹ ► ▻ ▼ ▽ ▾ ▿ ◀ ◁ ◂ ◃ ◄ ◅ ◆ ◇ ◈ ◉ ◊ ○ ◌ ◍ ◎ ● ◐ ◑ ◒ ◓ ◔ ◕ ◖ ◗ ◘ ◙ ◚ ◛ ◜ ◝ ◞ ◟ ◠ ◡ ◢ ◣ ◤ ◥ ◦ ◧ ◨ ◩ ◪ ◫ ◬ ◭ ◮ ◯ ◰ ◱ ◲ ◳ ◴ ◵ ◶ ◷ ◸ ◹ ◺ ◻ ◼ ◽ ◾ ◿ |
| Miscellaneous Symbols [88] | ☀ ☁ ☂ ☃ ☄ ★ ☆ ☇ ☈ ☉ ☊ ☋ ☌ ☍ ☎ ☏ ☐ ☑ ☒ ☓ ☔ ☕ ☖ ☗ |
| Dingbats [89] | ✀ ✁ ✂ ✃ ✄ ✅ ✆ ✇ ✈ ✉ ✊ ✋ ✌ ✍ ✎ ✏ ✐ ✑ ✒ ✓ ✔ ✕ ✖ ✗ ✘ ✙ ✚ ✛ ✜ ✝ ✞ ✟ ✠ ✡ ✢ ✣ ✤ ✥ ✦ ✧ ✨ ✩ ✪ ✫ ✬ ✭ ✮ ✯ ✰ ✱ ✲ ✳ ✴ ✵ ✶ ✷ ✸ ✹ ✺ ✻ ✼ ✽ |
| Miscellaneous Mathematical Symbols-A [90] | ⟀ ⟁ ⟂ ⟃ ⟄ ⟅ ⟆ ⟇ ⟈ ⟉ ⟊ ⟋ ⟌ ⟍ ⟎ ⟏ ⟐ |
| Supplemental Arrows-A [91] | ⟰ ⟱ ⟲ ⟳ ⟴ ⟵ ⟶ ⟷ ⟸ ⟹ ⟺ ⟻ ⟼ ⟽ ⟾ ⟿ (16 / 0 / U+27F0–U+27FF) |
| Braille Patterns [92] | ⠀ ⠁ ⠂ ⠃ ⠄ ⠅ ⠆ ⠇ ⠈ ⠉ ⠊ ⠋ ⠌ ⠍ ⠎ ⠏ ⠐ ⠑ ⠒ ⠓ ⠔ ⠕ ⠖ ⠗ ⠘ ⠙ ⠚ ⠛ ⠜ ⠝ ⠞ ⠟ ⠠ ⠡ ⠢ ⠣ ⠤ ⠥ ⠦ ⠧ ⠨ ⠩ ⠪ ⠫ ⠬ ⠭ ⠮ ⠯ ⠰ ⠱ ⠲ ⠳ ⠴ ⠵ ⠶ ⠷ ⠸ ⠹ ⠺ ⠻ ⠼ ⠽ ⠾ ⠿ ⡀ ⡁ ⡂ ⡃ ⡄ ⡅ ⡆ ⡇ ⡈ ⡉ ⡊ ⡋ ⡌ ⡍ ⡎ ⡏ ⡐ ⡑ ⡒ ⡓ ⡔ ⡕ ⡖ ⡗ ⡘ ⡙ ⡚ ⡛ ⡜ ⡝ ⡞ ⡟ ⡠ ⡡ ⡢ ⡣ ⡤ ⡥ ⡦ ⡧ ⡨ ⡩ ⡪ ⡫ ⡬ ⡭ ⡮ ⡯ ⡰ ⡱ ⡲ ⡳ ⡴ ⡵ ⡶ ⡷ ⡸ ⡹ ⡺ ⡻ ⡼ ⡽ ⡾ ⡿ ⢀ ⢁ ⢂ ⢃ ⢄ ⢅ ⢆ ⢇ ⢈ ⢉ ⢊ ⢋ ⢌ ⢍ ⢎ ⢏ ⢐ ⢑ ⢒ ⢓ ⢔ ⢕ ⢖ ⢗ ⢘ ⢙ ⢚ ⢛ ⢜ ⢝ ⢞ ⢟ ⢠ ⢡ ⢢ ⢣ ⢤ ⢥ ⢦ ⢧ ⢨ ⢩ ⢪ ⢫ ⢬ ⢭ ⢮ ⢯ ⢰ ⢱ ⢲ ⢳ ⢴ ⢵ ⢶ ⢷ ⢸ ⢹ ⢺ ⢻ ⢼ ⢽ ⢾ ⢿ ⣀ ⣁ ⣂ ⣃ ⣄ ⣅ ⣆ ⣇ ⣈ ⣉ ⣊ ⣋ ⣌ ⣍ ⣎ ⣏ ⣐ ⣑ ⣒ ⣓ ⣔ ⣕ ⣖ ⣗ ⣘ ⣙ ⣚ ⣛ ⣜ ⣝ ⣞ ⣟ ⣠ ⣡ ⣢ ⣣ ⣤ ⣥ ⣦ ⣧ ⣨ ⣩ ⣪ ⣫ ⣬ ⣭ ⣮ ⣯ ⣰ ⣱ ⣲ ⣳ ⣴ ⣵ ⣶ ⣷ ⣸ ⣹ ⣺ ⣻ ⣼ ⣽ ⣾ ⣿ (256 / 0 / U+2800–U+28FF) |
| Supplemental Arrows-B [93] | ⤀ ⤁ ⤂ ⤃ ⤄ ⤅ ⤆ ⤇ ⤈ ⤉ ⤊ ⤋ ⤌ ⤍ ⤎ ⤏ ⤐ ⤑ ⤒ ⤓ ⤔ ⤕ ⤖ ⤗ ⤘ ⤙ ⤚ ⤛ ⤜ ⤝ ⤞ ⤟ ⤠ ⤡ ⤢ ⤣ ⤤ ⤥ ⤦ |
| Miscellaneous Mathematical Symbols-B [94] | ⦀ ⦁ ⦂ ⦃ ⦄ ⦅ ⦆ ⦇ ⦈ ⦉ ⦊ ⦋ ⦌ ⦍ ⦎ ⦏ ⦐ ⦑ ⦒ ⦓ ⦔ ⦕ ⦖ ⦗ ⦘ |
| Supplemental Mathematical Operators [95] | ⨀ ⨁ ⨂ ⨃ ⨄ ⨅ ⨆ ⨇ ⨈ ⨉ ⨊ ⨋ ⨌ ⨍ ⨎ ⨏ ⨐ ⨑ ⨒ ⨓ ⨔ ⨕ ⨖ ⨗ ⨘ ⨙ ⨚ ⨛ ⨜ |
| Miscellaneous Symbols and Arrows [96] | ⬀ ⬁ ⬂ ⬃ ⬄ ⬅ ⬆ ⬇ ⬈ ⬉ ⬊ ⬋ ⬌ ⬍ ⬎ ⬏ ⬐ ⬑ ⬒ ⬓ ⬔ ⬕ ⬖ ⬗ ⬘ ⬙ |
| Glagolitic [97] | Ⰰ Ⰱ Ⰲ Ⰳ Ⰴ Ⰵ Ⰶ Ⰷ Ⰸ Ⰹ Ⰺ Ⰻ Ⰼ Ⰽ Ⰾ Ⰿ Ⱀ Ⱁ Ⱂ Ⱃ Ⱄ Ⱅ Ⱆ Ⱇ Ⱈ Ⱉ Ⱊ Ⱋ Ⱌ Ⱍ Ⱎ Ⱏ Ⱐ Ⱑ Ⱒ Ⱓ Ⱔ Ⱕ Ⱖ Ⱗ Ⱘ Ⱙ Ⱚ Ⱛ Ⱜ Ⱝ Ⱞ Ⱟ ⰰ ⰱ ⰲ ⰳ ⰴ ⰵ ⰶ ⰷ ⰸ ⰹ ⰺ ⰻ ⰼ ⰽ ⰾ ⰿ ⱀ ⱁ ⱂ ⱃ ⱄ ⱅ ⱆ ⱇ ⱈ ⱉ ⱊ ⱋ ⱌ ⱍ ⱎ ⱏ ⱐ ⱑ ⱒ ⱓ ⱔ ⱕ ⱖ ⱗ ⱘ ⱙ ⱚ ⱛ ⱜ ⱝ ⱞ ⱟ |
| Latin Extended-C [98] | Ⱡ ⱡ Ɫ Ᵽ Ɽ ⱥ ⱦ Ⱨ ⱨ Ⱪ ⱪ Ⱬ ⱬ Ɑ Ɱ Ɐ Ɒ ⱱ Ⱳ ⱳ ⱴ Ⱶ ⱶ |
| Coptic [99] | Ⲁ ⲁ Ⲃ ⲃ Ⲅ ⲅ Ⲇ ⲇ Ⲉ ⲉ Ⲋ ⲋ Ⲍ ⲍ Ⲏ ⲏ Ⲑ ⲑ Ⲓ ⲓ Ⲕ ⲕ Ⲗ ⲗ Ⲙ ⲙ Ⲛ ⲛ Ⲝ ⲝ Ⲟ ⲟ Ⲡ ⲡ Ⲣ ⲣ Ⲥ ⲥ Ⲧ ⲧ Ⲩ ⲩ Ⲫ ⲫ Ⲭ ⲭ Ⲯ ⲯ Ⲱ ⲱ Ⲳ ⲳ Ⲵ ⲵ Ⲷ ⲷ Ⲹ ⲹ Ⲻ ⲻ Ⲽ ⲽ Ⲿ ⲿ Ⳁ ⳁ Ⳃ ⳃ Ⳅ ⳅ Ⳇ ⳇ Ⳉ ⳉ Ⳋ ⳋ Ⳍ ⳍ Ⳏ ⳏ Ⳑ ⳑ Ⳓ ⳓ Ⳕ ⳕ Ⳗ ⳗ Ⳙ ⳙ Ⳛ ⳛ |
| Georgian Supplement [100] | ⴀ ⴁ ⴂ ⴃ ⴄ ⴅ ⴆ ⴇ ⴈ ⴉ ⴊ ⴋ ⴌ ⴍ ⴎ ⴏ ⴐ ⴑ ⴒ ⴓ ⴔ ⴕ ⴖ ⴗ ⴘ ⴙ ⴚ ⴛ ⴜ ⴝ ⴞ ⴟ ⴠ ⴡ ⴢ ⴣ ⴤ ⴥ ⴧ ⴭ |
| Tifinagh [101] | ⴰ ⴱ ⴲ ⴳ ⴴ ⴵ ⴶ ⴷ ⴸ ⴹ ⴺ ⴻ ⴼ ⴽ ⴾ ⴿ ⵀ ⵁ ⵂ ⵃ ⵄ ⵅ ⵆ ⵇ ⵈ ⵉ ⵊ ⵋ ⵌ ⵍ ⵎ ⵏ ⵐ ⵑ ⵒ ⵓ ⵔ ⵕ ⵖ ⵗ ⵘ ⵙ ⵚ ⵛ ⵜ ⵝ ⵞ ⵟ ⵠ ⵡ ⵢ ⵣ ⵤ ⵥ ⵦ ⵧ ⵯ ⵰ ⵿ |
| Ethiopic Extended [102] | ⶀ ⶁ ⶂ ⶃ ⶄ ⶅ ⶆ ⶇ ⶈ ⶉ ⶊ ⶋ ⶌ ⶍ ⶎ ⶏ ⶐ ⶑ ⶒ ⶓ ⶔ ⶕ ⶖ ⶠ ⶡ ⶢ ⶣ ⶤ ⶥ ⶦ ⶨ ⶩ ⶪ ⶫ ⶬ ⶭ ⶮ ⶰ ⶱ ⶲ ⶳ ⶴ ⶵ ⶶ ⶸ ⶹ ⶺ ⶻ ⶼ ⶽ ⶾ |
| Cyrillic Extended-A [103] | ⷠ ⷡ ⷢ ⷣ ⷤ ⷥ ⷦ ⷧ ⷨ ⷩ ⷪ ⷫ ⷬ ⷭ ⷮ ⷯ ⷰ ⷱ ⷲ ⷳ ⷴ ⷵ ⷶ ⷷ ⷸ ⷹ ⷺ ⷻ ⷼ ⷽ ⷾ ⷿ (32 / 0 / U+2DE0–U+2DFF) |
| Supplemental Punctuation [104] | ⸀ ⸁ ⸂ ⸃ ⸄ ⸅ ⸆ ⸇ ⸈ ⸉ ⸊ ⸋ ⸌ ⸍ ⸎ ⸏ ⸐ ⸑ ⸒ ⸓ ⸔ ⸕ ⸖ |
| CJK Radicals Supplement [105] | ⺀ ⺁ ⺂ ⺃ ⺄ ⺅ ⺆ ⺇ ⺈ ⺉ ⺊ ⺋ ⺌ ⺍ ⺎ ⺏ ⺐ ⺑ ⺒ ⺓ ⺔ ⺕ ⺖ ⺗ ⺘ ⺙ ⺛ ⺜ ⺝ ⺞ ⺟ ⺠ ⺡ ⺢ ⺣ ⺤ ⺥ ⺦ ⺧ ⺨ ⺩ ⺪ ⺫ ⺬ ⺭ ⺮ ⺯ ⺰ ⺱ ⺲ ⺳ ⺴ ⺵ ⺶ ⺷ ⺸ ⺹ ⺺ ⺻ ⺼ ⺽ ⺾ ⺿ ⻀ ⻁ ⻂ ⻃ ⻄ ⻅ ⻆ ⻇ ⻈ ⻉ ⻊ ⻋ ⻌ ⻍ ⻎ ⻏ ⻐ ⻑ ⻒ ⻓ ⻔ ⻕ ⻖ ⻗ ⻘ ⻙ ⻚ ⻛ ⻜ ⻝ ⻞ ⻟ ⻠ ⻡ ⻢ ⻣ ⻤ ⻥ ⻦ ⻧ ⻨ ⻩ ⻪ ⻫ ⻬ ⻭ ⻮ ⻯ ⻰ ⻱ ⻲ ⻳ (115 / 0 / U+2E80–U+2EF3) |
| Kangxi Radicals [106] | ⼀ ⼁ ⼂ ⼃ ⼄ ⼅ ⼆ ⼇ ⼈ ⼉ ⼊ ⼋ ⼌ ⼍ ⼎ ⼏ ⼐ ⼑ ⼒ ⼓ ⼔ ⼕ ⼖ ⼗ ⼘ ⼙ ⼚ ⼛ ⼜ ⼝ ⼞ ⼟ ⼠ ⼡ ⼢ ⼣ ⼤ ⼥ ⼦ ⼧ ⼨ ⼩ ⼪ ⼫ ⼬ ⼭ ⼮ ⼯ ⼰ ⼱ ⼲ ⼳ ⼴ ⼵ ⼶ ⼷ ⼸ ⼹ ⼺ ⼻ ⼼ ⼽ ⼾ ⼿ ⽀ ⽁ ⽂ ⽃ ⽄ ⽅ ⽆ ⽇ ⽈ ⽉ ⽊ ⽋ ⽌ ⽍ ⽎ ⽏ ⽐ ⽑ ⽒ ⽓ ⽔ ⽕ ⽖ ⽗ ⽘ ⽙ ⽚ ⽛ ⽜ ⽝ ⽞ ⽟ ⽠ ⽡ ⽢ ⽣ ⽤ ⽥ ⽦ ⽧ ⽨ ⽩ ⽪ ⽫ ⽬ ⽭ ⽮ ⽯ ⽰ ⽱ ⽲ ⽳ ⽴ ⽵ ⽶ ⽷ ⽸ ⽹ ⽺ ⽻ ⽼ ⽽ ⽾ ⽿ ⾀ ⾁ ⾂ ⾃ ⾄ ⾅ ⾆ ⾇ ⾈ ⾉ ⾊ ⾋ ⾌ ⾍ ⾎ ⾏ ⾐ ⾑ ⾒ ⾓ ⾔ ⾕ ⾖ ⾗ ⾘ ⾙ ⾚ ⾛ ⾜ ⾝ ⾞ ⾟ ⾠ ⾡ ⾢ ⾣ ⾤ ⾥ ⾦ ⾧ ⾨ ⾩ ⾪ ⾫ ⾬ ⾭ ⾮ ⾯ ⾰ ⾱ ⾲ ⾳ ⾴ ⾵ ⾶ ⾷ ⾸ ⾹ ⾺ ⾻ ⾼ ⾽ ⾾ ⾿ ⿀ ⿁ ⿂ ⿃ ⿄ ⿅ ⿆ ⿇ ⿈ ⿉ ⿊ ⿋ ⿌ ⿍ ⿎ ⿏ ⿐ ⿑ ⿒ ⿓ ⿔ ⿕ (214 / 0 / U+2F00–U+2FD5) |
| Ideographic Description Characters [107] | ⿰ ⿱ ⿲ ⿳ ⿴ ⿵ ⿶ ⿷ ⿸ ⿹ ⿺ ⿻ (12 / 0 / U+2FF0–U+2FFB) |
| CJK Symbols and Punctuation [108] | 、 。 〃 〄 々 〆 〇 〈 〉 《 》 「 」 『 』 【 】 |
| Hiragana [109] | ぁ あ ぃ い ぅ う ぇ え ぉ お か が き ぎ く ぐ け げ こ ご さ ざ し じ す ず せ ぜ そ ぞ た だ ち ぢ っ つ づ て で と ど な に ぬ ね の は ば ぱ ひ び ぴ ふ ぶ ぷ へ べ ぺ ほ ぼ ぽ ま み む め も ゃ や ゅ ゆ ょ よ ら り る れ ろ ゎ わ ゐ ゑ を ん ゔ ゕ ゖ ゙ ゚ ゛ ゜ ゝ ゞ ゟ |
| Katakana [110] | ゠ ァ ア ィ イ ゥ ウ ェ エ ォ オ カ ガ キ ギ ク グ ケ ゲ コ ゴ サ ザ シ ジ ス ズ セ ゼ ソ ゾ タ ダ チ ヂ ッ ツ ヅ テ デ ト ド ナ ニ ヌ ネ ノ ハ バ パ ヒ ビ ピ フ ブ プ ヘ ベ ペ ホ ボ ポ マ ミ ム メ モ ャ ヤ ュ ユ ョ ヨ ラ リ ル レ ロ ヮ ワ ヰ ヱ ヲ ン ヴ ヵ ヶ ヷ ヸ ヹ ヺ ・ ー ヽ ヾ ヿ |
| Bopomofo [111] | ㄅ ㄆ ㄇ ㄈ ㄉ ㄊ ㄋ ㄌ ㄍ ㄎ ㄏ ㄐ ㄑ ㄒ ㄓ ㄔ ㄕ ㄖ ㄗ ㄘ ㄙ ㄚ ㄛ ㄜ ㄝ ㄞ ㄟ ㄠ ㄡ ㄢ ㄣ ㄤ ㄥ ㄦ ㄧ ㄨ ㄩ ㄪ ㄫ ㄬ ㄭ ㄮ ㄯ |
| Hangul Compatibility Jamo [112] | ㄱ ㄲ ㄳ ㄴ ㄵ ㄶ ㄷ ㄸ ㄹ ㄺ ㄻ ㄼ ㄽ ㄾ ㄿ ㅀ ㅁ ㅂ ㅃ ㅄ ㅅ ㅆ ㅇ ㅈ ㅉ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ ㅏ ㅐ ㅑ ㅒ ㅓ ㅔ ㅕ ㅖ ㅗ ㅘ ㅙ ㅚ ㅛ ㅜ ㅝ ㅞ ㅟ ㅠ ㅡ ㅢ ㅣ |
| Kanbun [113] | ㆐ ㆑ ㆒ ㆓ ㆔ ㆕ ㆖ ㆗ ㆘ ㆙ ㆚ ㆛ ㆜ ㆝ ㆞ ㆟ (16 / 0 / U+3190–U+319F) |
| Bopomofo Extended [114] | ㆠ ㆡ ㆢ ㆣ ㆤ ㆥ ㆦ ㆧ ㆨ ㆩ ㆪ ㆫ ㆬ ㆭ ㆮ ㆯ ㆰ ㆱ ㆲ ㆳ ㆴ ㆵ ㆶ ㆷ ㆸ ㆹ ㆺ ㆻ ㆼ ㆽ ㆾ ㆿ |
| CJK Strokes [115] | ㇀ ㇁ ㇂ ㇃ ㇄ ㇅ ㇆ ㇇ ㇈ ㇉ ㇊ ㇋ ㇌ ㇍ ㇎ ㇏ ㇐ ㇑ ㇒ ㇓ ㇔ ㇕ ㇖ ㇗ ㇘ ㇙ ㇚ ㇛ ㇜ ㇝ ㇞ ㇟ ㇠ ㇡ ㇢ ㇣ (36 / 0 / U+31C0–U+31E3) |
| Katakana Phonetic Extensions [116] | ㇰ ㇱ ㇲ ㇳ ㇴ ㇵ ㇶ ㇷ ㇸ ㇹ ㇺ ㇻ ㇼ ㇽ ㇾ ㇿ (16 / 0 / U+31F0–U+31FF) |
| Enclosed CJK Letters and Months [117] | ㈀ ㈁ ㈂ ㈃ ㈄ ㈅ ㈆ ㈇ ㈈ ㈉ ㈊ ㈋ ㈌ ㈍ ㈎ ㈏ ㈐ ㈑ ㈒ ㈓ ㈔ ㈕ ㈖ ㈗ ㈘ ㈙ ㈚ ㈛ ㈜ |
| CJK Compatibility [118] | ㌀ ㌁ ㌂ ㌃ ㌄ ㌅ ㌆ ㌇ ㌈ ㌉ ㌊ ㌋ ㌌ ㌍ ㌎ ㌏ ㌐ ㌑ ㌒ ㌓ ㌔ ㌕ ㌖ ㌗ ㌘ ㌙ ㌚ ㌛ ㌜ ㌝ ㌞ ㌟ ㌠ ㌡ ㌢ ㌣ ㌤ ㌥ ㌦ ㌧ ㌨ ㌩ ㌪ ㌫ ㌬ ㌭ ㌮ ㌯ ㌰ ㌱ ㌲ ㌳ ㌴ ㌵ ㌶ ㌷ ㌸ ㌹ ㌺ ㌻ ㌼ ㌽ ㌾ ㌿ ㍀ ㍁ ㍂ ㍃ ㍄ ㍅ ㍆ ㍇ ㍈ ㍉ ㍊ ㍋ ㍌ ㍍ ㍎ ㍏ ㍐ ㍑ ㍒ ㍓ ㍔ ㍕ ㍖ ㍗ ㍘ ㍙ ㍚ ㍛ ㍜ ㍝ ㍞ ㍟ ㍠ ㍡ ㍢ ㍣ ㍤ ㍥ ㍦ ㍧ ㍨ ㍩ ㍪ ㍫ ㍬ ㍭ ㍮ ㍯ ㍰ |
| CJK Unified Ideographs Extension A [119] | 㐀 䶿 (2 / 0 / U+3400–U+4DBF) |
| Yijing Hexagram Symbols [120] | ䷀ ䷁ ䷂ ䷃ ䷄ ䷅ ䷆ ䷇ ䷈ ䷉ ䷊ ䷋ ䷌ ䷍ ䷎ ䷏ ䷐ ䷑ ䷒ ䷓ ䷔ ䷕ ䷖ ䷗ ䷘ ䷙ ䷚ ䷛ ䷜ ䷝ ䷞ ䷟ ䷠ ䷡ ䷢ ䷣ ䷤ ䷥ ䷦ ䷧ ䷨ ䷩ ䷪ ䷫ ䷬ ䷭ ䷮ ䷯ ䷰ ䷱ ䷲ ䷳ ䷴ ䷵ ䷶ ䷷ ䷸ ䷹ ䷺ ䷻ ䷼ ䷽ ䷾ ䷿ (64 / 0 / U+4DC0–U+4DFF) |
| CJK Unified Ideographs [121] | 一 鿿 (2 / 0 / U+4E00–U+9FFF) |
| Yi Syllables [122] | ꀀ ꀁ ꀂ ꀃ ꀄ ꀅ ꀆ ꀇ ꀈ ꀉ ꀊ ꀋ ꀌ ꀍ ꀎ ꀏ ꀐ ꀑ ꀒ ꀓ ꀔ ꀕ ꀖ ꀗ ꀘ ꀙ ꀚ ꀛ ꀜ ꀝ ꀞ ꀟ ꀠ ꀡ ꀢ ꀣ ꀤ ꀥ ꀦ ꀧ ꀨ ꀩ ꀪ ꀫ ꀬ ꀭ ꀮ ꀯ ꀰ ꀱ ꀲ ꀳ ꀴ ꀵ ꀶ ꀷ ꀸ ꀹ ꀺ ꀻ ꀼ ꀽ ꀾ ꀿ ꁀ ꁁ ꁂ ꁃ ꁄ ꁅ ꁆ ꁇ ꁈ ꁉ ꁊ ꁋ ꁌ ꁍ ꁎ ꁏ ꁐ ꁑ ꁒ ꁓ ꁔ ꁕ ꁖ ꁗ ꁘ ꁙ ꁚ ꁛ ꁜ ꁝ ꁞ ꁟ ꁠ ꁡ ꁢ ꁣ ꁤ ꁥ ꁦ ꁧ ꁨ ꁩ ꁪ ꁫ ꁬ ꁭ ꁮ ꁯ ꁰ ꁱ ꁲ ꁳ ꁴ ꁵ ꁶ ꁷ ꁸ ꁹ ꁺ ꁻ ꁼ ꁽ ꁾ ꁿ ꂀ ꂁ ꂂ ꂃ ꂄ ꂅ ꂆ ꂇ ꂈ ꂉ ꂊ ꂋ ꂌ ꂍ ꂎ ꂏ ꂐ ꂑ ꂒ ꂓ ꂔ ꂕ ꂖ ꂗ ꂘ ꂙ ꂚ ꂛ ꂜ ꂝ ꂞ ꂟ ꂠ ꂡ ꂢ ꂣ ꂤ ꂥ ꂦ ꂧ ꂨ ꂩ ꂪ ꂫ ꂬ ꂭ ꂮ ꂯ ꂰ ꂱ ꂲ ꂳ ꂴ ꂵ ꂶ ꂷ ꂸ ꂹ ꂺ ꂻ ꂼ ꂽ ꂾ ꂿ ꃀ ꃁ ꃂ ꃃ ꃄ ꃅ ꃆ ꃇ ꃈ ꃉ ꃊ ꃋ ꃌ ꃍ ꃎ ꃏ ꃐ ꃑ ꃒ ꃓ ꃔ ꃕ ꃖ ꃗ ꃘ ꃙ ꃚ ꃛ ꃜ ꃝ ꃞ ꃟ ꃠ ꃡ ꃢ ꃣ ꃤ ꃥ ꃦ ꃧ ꃨ ꃩ ꃪ ꃫ ꃬ ꃭ ꃮ ꃯ ꃰ ꃱ ꃲ ꃳ ꃴ ꃵ ꃶ ꃷ ꃸ ꃹ ꃺ ꃻ ꃼ ꃽ ꃾ ꃿ ꄀ ꄁ ꄂ ꄃ ꄄ ꄅ ꄆ ꄇ ꄈ ꄉ ꄊ ꄋ ꄌ ꄍ ꄎ ꄏ ꄐ ꄑ ꄒ ꄓ ꄔ ꄕ ꄖ ꄗ ꄘ ꄙ ꄚ ꄛ ꄜ ꄝ ꄞ ꄟ ꄠ ꄡ ꄢ ꄣ ꄤ ꄥ ꄦ ꄧ ꄨ ꄩ ꄪ ꄫ ꄬ ꄭ ꄮ ꄯ ꄰ ꄱ ꄲ ꄳ ꄴ ꄵ ꄶ ꄷ ꄸ ꄹ ꄺ ꄻ ꄼ ꄽ ꄾ ꄿ ꅀ ꅁ ꅂ ꅃ ꅄ ꅅ ꅆ ꅇ ꅈ ꅉ ꅊ ꅋ ꅌ ꅍ ꅎ ꅏ ꅐ ꅑ ꅒ ꅓ ꅔ ꅕ ꅖ ꅗ ꅘ ꅙ ꅚ ꅛ ꅜ ꅝ ꅞ ꅟ ꅠ ꅡ ꅢ ꅣ ꅤ ꅥ ꅦ ꅧ ꅨ ꅩ ꅪ ꅫ ꅬ ꅭ ꅮ ꅯ ꅰ ꅱ ꅲ ꅳ ꅴ ꅵ ꅶ ꅷ ꅸ ꅹ ꅺ ꅻ ꅼ ꅽ ꅾ ꅿ ꆀ ꆁ ꆂ ꆃ ꆄ ꆅ ꆆ ꆇ ꆈ ꆉ ꆊ ꆋ ꆌ ꆍ ꆎ ꆏ ꆐ ꆑ ꆒ ꆓ ꆔ ꆕ ꆖ ꆗ ꆘ ꆙ ꆚ ꆛ ꆜ ꆝ ꆞ ꆟ ꆠ ꆡ ꆢ ꆣ ꆤ ꆥ ꆦ ꆧ ꆨ ꆩ ꆪ ꆫ ꆬ ꆭ ꆮ ꆯ ꆰ ꆱ ꆲ ꆳ ꆴ ꆵ ꆶ ꆷ ꆸ ꆹ ꆺ ꆻ ꆼ ꆽ ꆾ ꆿ ꇀ ꇁ ꇂ ꇃ ꇄ ꇅ ꇆ ꇇ ꇈ ꇉ ꇊ ꇋ ꇌ ꇍ ꇎ ꇏ ꇐ ꇑ ꇒ ꇓ ꇔ ꇕ ꇖ ꇗ ꇘ ꇙ ꇚ ꇛ ꇜ ꇝ ꇞ ꇟ ꇠ ꇡ ꇢ ꇣ ꇤ ꇥ ꇦ ꇧ ꇨ ꇩ ꇪ ꇫ ꇬ ꇭ ꇮ ꇯ ꇰ ꇱ ꇲ ꇳ ꇴ ꇵ ꇶ ꇷ ꇸ ꇹ ꇺ ꇻ ꇼ ꇽ ꇾ ꇿ ꈀ ꈁ ꈂ ꈃ ꈄ ꈅ ꈆ ꈇ ꈈ ꈉ ꈊ ꈋ ꈌ ꈍ ꈎ ꈏ ꈐ ꈑ ꈒ ꈓ ꈔ ꈕ ꈖ ꈗ ꈘ ꈙ ꈚ ꈛ ꈜ ꈝ ꈞ ꈟ ꈠ ꈡ ꈢ ꈣ ꈤ ꈥ ꈦ ꈧ ꈨ ꈩ ꈪ ꈫ ꈬ ꈭ ꈮ ꈯ ꈰ ꈱ ꈲ ꈳ ꈴ ꈵ ꈶ ꈷ ꈸ ꈹ ꈺ ꈻ ꈼ ꈽ ꈾ ꈿ ꉀ ꉁ ꉂ ꉃ ꉄ ꉅ ꉆ ꉇ ꉈ ꉉ ꉊ ꉋ ꉌ ꉍ ꉎ ꉏ ꉐ ꉑ ꉒ ꉓ ꉔ ꉕ ꉖ ꉗ ꉘ ꉙ ꉚ ꉛ ꉜ ꉝ ꉞ ꉟ ꉠ ꉡ ꉢ ꉣ ꉤ ꉥ ꉦ ꉧ ꉨ ꉩ ꉪ ꉫ ꉬ ꉭ ꉮ ꉯ ꉰ ꉱ ꉲ ꉳ ꉴ ꉵ ꉶ ꉷ ꉸ ꉹ ꉺ ꉻ ꉼ ꉽ ꉾ ꉿ ꊀ ꊁ ꊂ ꊃ ꊄ ꊅ ꊆ ꊇ ꊈ ꊉ ꊊ ꊋ ꊌ ꊍ ꊎ ꊏ ꊐ ꊑ ꊒ ꊓ ꊔ ꊕ ꊖ ꊗ ꊘ ꊙ ꊚ ꊛ ꊜ ꊝ ꊞ ꊟ ꊠ ꊡ ꊢ ꊣ ꊤ ꊥ ꊦ ꊧ ꊨ ꊩ ꊪ ꊫ ꊬ ꊭ ꊮ ꊯ ꊰ ꊱ ꊲ ꊳ ꊴ ꊵ ꊶ ꊷ ꊸ ꊹ ꊺ ꊻ ꊼ ꊽ ꊾ ꊿ ꋀ ꋁ ꋂ ꋃ ꋄ ꋅ ꋆ ꋇ ꋈ ꋉ ꋊ ꋋ ꋌ ꋍ ꋎ ꋏ ꋐ ꋑ ꋒ ꋓ ꋔ ꋕ ꋖ ꋗ ꋘ ꋙ ꋚ ꋛ ꋜ ꋝ ꋞ ꋟ ꋠ ꋡ ꋢ ꋣ ꋤ ꋥ ꋦ ꋧ ꋨ ꋩ ꋪ ꋫ ꋬ ꋭ ꋮ ꋯ ꋰ ꋱ ꋲ ꋳ ꋴ ꋵ ꋶ ꋷ ꋸ ꋹ ꋺ ꋻ ꋼ ꋽ ꋾ ꋿ ꌀ ꌁ ꌂ ꌃ ꌄ ꌅ ꌆ ꌇ ꌈ ꌉ ꌊ ꌋ ꌌ ꌍ ꌎ ꌏ ꌐ ꌑ ꌒ ꌓ ꌔ ꌕ ꌖ ꌗ ꌘ ꌙ ꌚ ꌛ ꌜ ꌝ ꌞ ꌟ ꌠ ꌡ ꌢ ꌣ ꌤ ꌥ ꌦ ꌧ ꌨ ꌩ ꌪ ꌫ ꌬ ꌭ ꌮ ꌯ ꌰ ꌱ ꌲ ꌳ ꌴ ꌵ ꌶ ꌷ ꌸ ꌹ ꌺ ꌻ ꌼ ꌽ ꌾ ꌿ ꍀ ꍁ ꍂ ꍃ ꍄ ꍅ ꍆ ꍇ ꍈ ꍉ ꍊ ꍋ ꍌ ꍍ ꍎ ꍏ ꍐ ꍑ ꍒ ꍓ ꍔ ꍕ ꍖ ꍗ ꍘ ꍙ ꍚ ꍛ ꍜ ꍝ ꍞ ꍟ ꍠ ꍡ ꍢ ꍣ ꍤ ꍥ ꍦ ꍧ ꍨ ꍩ ꍪ ꍫ ꍬ ꍭ ꍮ ꍯ ꍰ ꍱ ꍲ ꍳ ꍴ ꍵ ꍶ ꍷ ꍸ ꍹ ꍺ ꍻ ꍼ ꍽ ꍾ ꍿ ꎀ ꎁ ꎂ ꎃ ꎄ ꎅ ꎆ ꎇ ꎈ ꎉ ꎊ ꎋ ꎌ ꎍ ꎎ ꎏ ꎐ ꎑ ꎒ ꎓ ꎔ ꎕ ꎖ ꎗ ꎘ ꎙ ꎚ ꎛ ꎜ ꎝ ꎞ ꎟ ꎠ ꎡ ꎢ ꎣ ꎤ ꎥ ꎦ ꎧ ꎨ ꎩ ꎪ ꎫ ꎬ ꎭ ꎮ ꎯ ꎰ ꎱ ꎲ ꎳ ꎴ ꎵ ꎶ ꎷ ꎸ ꎹ ꎺ ꎻ ꎼ ꎽ ꎾ ꎿ ꏀ ꏁ ꏂ ꏃ ꏄ ꏅ ꏆ ꏇ ꏈ ꏉ ꏊ ꏋ ꏌ ꏍ ꏎ ꏏ ꏐ ꏑ ꏒ ꏓ ꏔ ꏕ ꏖ ꏗ ꏘ ꏙ ꏚ ꏛ ꏜ ꏝ ꏞ ꏟ ꏠ ꏡ ꏢ ꏣ ꏤ ꏥ ꏦ ꏧ ꏨ ꏩ ꏪ ꏫ ꏬ ꏭ ꏮ ꏯ ꏰ ꏱ ꏲ ꏳ ꏴ ꏵ ꏶ ꏷ ꏸ ꏹ ꏺ ꏻ ꏼ ꏽ ꏾ ꏿ ꐀ ꐁ ꐂ ꐃ ꐄ ꐅ ꐆ ꐇ ꐈ ꐉ ꐊ ꐋ ꐌ ꐍ ꐎ ꐏ ꐐ ꐑ ꐒ ꐓ ꐔ ꐕ ꐖ ꐗ ꐘ ꐙ ꐚ ꐛ ꐜ ꐝ ꐞ ꐟ ꐠ ꐡ ꐢ ꐣ ꐤ ꐥ ꐦ ꐧ ꐨ ꐩ ꐪ ꐫ ꐬ ꐭ ꐮ ꐯ ꐰ ꐱ ꐲ ꐳ ꐴ ꐵ ꐶ ꐷ ꐸ ꐹ ꐺ ꐻ ꐼ ꐽ ꐾ ꐿ ꑀ ꑁ ꑂ ꑃ ꑄ ꑅ ꑆ ꑇ ꑈ ꑉ ꑊ ꑋ ꑌ ꑍ ꑎ ꑏ ꑐ ꑑ ꑒ ꑓ ꑔ ꑕ ꑖ ꑗ ꑘ ꑙ ꑚ ꑛ ꑜ ꑝ ꑞ ꑟ ꑠ ꑡ ꑢ ꑣ ꑤ ꑥ ꑦ ꑧ ꑨ ꑩ ꑪ ꑫ ꑬ ꑭ ꑮ ꑯ ꑰ ꑱ ꑲ ꑳ ꑴ ꑵ ꑶ ꑷ ꑸ ꑹ ꑺ ꑻ ꑼ ꑽ ꑾ ꑿ ꒀ ꒁ ꒂ ꒃ ꒄ ꒅ ꒆ ꒇ ꒈ ꒉ ꒊ ꒋ ꒌ |
| Yi Radicals [123] | ꒐ ꒑ ꒒ ꒓ ꒔ ꒕ ꒖ ꒗ ꒘ ꒙ ꒚ ꒛ ꒜ ꒝ ꒞ ꒟ ꒠ ꒡ ꒢ ꒣ ꒤ ꒥ ꒦ ꒧ ꒨ ꒩ ꒪ ꒫ ꒬ ꒭ ꒮ ꒯ ꒰ ꒱ ꒲ ꒳ ꒴ ꒵ ꒶ ꒷ ꒸ ꒹ ꒺ ꒻ ꒼ ꒽ ꒾ ꒿ ꓀ ꓁ ꓂ ꓃ ꓄ ꓅ ꓆ (55 / 0 / U+A490–U+A4C6) |
| Lisu [124] | ꓐ ꓑ ꓒ ꓓ ꓔ ꓕ ꓖ ꓗ ꓘ ꓙ ꓚ ꓛ ꓜ ꓝ ꓞ ꓟ ꓠ ꓡ ꓢ ꓣ ꓤ ꓥ ꓦ ꓧ ꓨ ꓩ ꓪ ꓫ ꓬ ꓭ ꓮ ꓯ ꓰ ꓱ ꓲ ꓳ ꓴ ꓵ ꓶ ꓷ |
| Vai [125] | ꔀ ꔁ ꔂ ꔃ ꔄ ꔅ ꔆ ꔇ ꔈ ꔉ ꔊ ꔋ ꔌ ꔍ ꔎ ꔏ ꔐ ꔑ ꔒ ꔓ ꔔ ꔕ ꔖ ꔗ ꔘ ꔙ ꔚ ꔛ ꔜ ꔝ ꔞ ꔟ ꔠ ꔡ ꔢ ꔣ ꔤ ꔥ ꔦ ꔧ ꔨ ꔩ ꔪ ꔫ ꔬ ꔭ ꔮ ꔯ ꔰ ꔱ ꔲ ꔳ ꔴ ꔵ ꔶ ꔷ ꔸ ꔹ ꔺ ꔻ ꔼ ꔽ ꔾ ꔿ ꕀ ꕁ ꕂ ꕃ ꕄ ꕅ ꕆ ꕇ ꕈ |
| Cyrillic Extended-B [126] | Ꙁ ꙁ Ꙃ ꙃ Ꙅ ꙅ Ꙇ ꙇ Ꙉ ꙉ Ꙋ ꙋ Ꙍ ꙍ Ꙏ ꙏ Ꙑ ꙑ Ꙓ ꙓ Ꙕ ꙕ Ꙗ ꙗ Ꙙ ꙙ Ꙛ ꙛ Ꙝ ꙝ Ꙟ ꙟ Ꙡ ꙡ Ꙣ ꙣ Ꙥ ꙥ Ꙧ ꙧ Ꙩ ꙩ Ꙫ ꙫ Ꙭ ꙭ ꙮ ꙯ ꙰ ꙱ ꙲ ꙳ ꙴ ꙵ ꙶ ꙷ ꙸ ꙹ ꙺ ꙻ ꙼ ꙽ |
| Bamum [127] | ꚠ ꚡ ꚢ ꚣ ꚤ ꚥ ꚦ ꚧ ꚨ ꚩ ꚪ ꚫ ꚬ ꚭ ꚮ ꚯ ꚰ ꚱ ꚲ ꚳ ꚴ ꚵ ꚶ ꚷ ꚸ ꚹ ꚺ ꚻ ꚼ ꚽ ꚾ ꚿ ꛀ ꛁ ꛂ ꛃ ꛄ ꛅ ꛆ ꛇ ꛈ ꛉ ꛊ ꛋ ꛌ ꛍ ꛎ ꛏ ꛐ ꛑ ꛒ ꛓ ꛔ ꛕ ꛖ ꛗ ꛘ ꛙ ꛚ ꛛ ꛜ ꛝ ꛞ ꛟ ꛠ ꛡ ꛢ ꛣ ꛤ ꛥ ꛦ ꛧ ꛨ ꛩ ꛪ ꛫ ꛬ ꛭ ꛮ ꛯ ꛰ ꛱ ꛲ ꛳ ꛴ ꛵ ꛶ ꛷ |
| Modifier Tone Letters [128] | ꜀ ꜁ ꜂ ꜃ ꜄ ꜅ ꜆ ꜇ ꜈ ꜉ ꜊ ꜋ ꜌ ꜍ ꜎ ꜏ ꜐ ꜑ |
| Latin Extended-D [129] | ꜠ ꜡ Ꜣ ꜣ Ꜥ ꜥ Ꜧ ꜧ Ꜩ ꜩ Ꜫ ꜫ Ꜭ ꜭ Ꜯ ꜯ ꜰ ꜱ Ꜳ ꜳ Ꜵ ꜵ Ꜷ ꜷ Ꜹ ꜹ Ꜻ ꜻ Ꜽ ꜽ Ꜿ ꜿ Ꝁ ꝁ Ꝃ ꝃ Ꝅ ꝅ Ꝇ ꝇ Ꝉ ꝉ Ꝋ ꝋ Ꝍ ꝍ Ꝏ ꝏ Ꝑ ꝑ Ꝓ ꝓ Ꝕ ꝕ Ꝗ ꝗ Ꝙ ꝙ Ꝛ ꝛ Ꝝ ꝝ Ꝟ ꝟ Ꝡ ꝡ Ꝣ ꝣ Ꝥ ꝥ Ꝧ ꝧ Ꝩ ꝩ Ꝫ ꝫ Ꝭ ꝭ Ꝯ ꝯ ꝰ ꝱ ꝲ ꝳ ꝴ ꝵ ꝶ ꝷ ꝸ |
| Syloti Nagri [130] | ꠀ ꠁ ꠂ ꠃ ꠄ ꠅ ꠆ ꠇ ꠈ ꠉ ꠊ ꠋ ꠌ ꠍ ꠎ ꠏ ꠐ ꠑ ꠒ ꠓ ꠔ ꠕ ꠖ ꠗ ꠘ ꠙ ꠚ ꠛ ꠜ ꠝ ꠞ ꠟ ꠠ ꠡ ꠢ ꠣ ꠤ ꠥ ꠦ ꠧ ꠨ ꠩ ꠪ ꠫ |
| Common Indic Number Forms [131] | ꠰ ꠱ ꠲ ꠳ ꠴ ꠵ ꠶ ꠷ ꠸ ꠹ |
| Phags-pa [132] | ꡀ ꡁ ꡂ ꡃ ꡄ ꡅ ꡆ ꡇ ꡈ ꡉ ꡊ ꡋ ꡌ ꡍ ꡎ ꡏ ꡐ ꡑ ꡒ ꡓ ꡔ ꡕ ꡖ ꡗ ꡘ ꡙ ꡚ ꡛ ꡜ ꡝ ꡞ ꡟ ꡠ ꡡ |
| Saurashtra [133] | ꢀ ꢁ ꢂ ꢃ ꢄ ꢅ ꢆ ꢇ ꢈ ꢉ ꢊ ꢋ ꢌ ꢍ ꢎ ꢏ ꢐ ꢑ ꢒ ꢓ ꢔ ꢕ ꢖ ꢗ ꢘ ꢙ ꢚ ꢛ ꢜ ꢝ ꢞ ꢟ ꢠ ꢡ ꢢ ꢣ ꢤ ꢥ ꢦ ꢧ ꢨ ꢩ ꢪ ꢫ ꢬ ꢭ ꢮ ꢯ ꢰ ꢱ ꢲ ꢳ ꢴ |
| Devanagari Extended [134] | ꣠ ꣡ ꣢ ꣣ ꣤ ꣥ ꣦ ꣧ ꣨ ꣩ ꣪ ꣫ ꣬ ꣭ ꣮ ꣯ ꣰ ꣱ ꣲ ꣳ ꣴ ꣵ ꣶ ꣷ ꣸ ꣹ ꣺ ꣻ |
| Kayah Li [135] | ꤀ ꤁ ꤂ ꤃ ꤄ ꤅ ꤆ ꤇ ꤈ ꤉ ꤊ ꤋ ꤌ ꤍ ꤎ ꤏ ꤐ ꤑ ꤒ ꤓ ꤔ ꤕ ꤖ ꤗ ꤘ ꤙ ꤚ ꤛ ꤜ ꤝ ꤞ ꤟ ꤠ ꤡ |
| Rejang [136] | ꤰ ꤱ ꤲ ꤳ ꤴ ꤵ ꤶ ꤷ ꤸ ꤹ ꤺ ꤻ ꤼ ꤽ ꤾ ꤿ ꥀ ꥁ ꥂ ꥃ ꥄ ꥅ ꥆ ꥇ ꥈ ꥉ ꥊ ꥋ ꥌ ꥍ ꥎ ꥏ ꥐ ꥑ ꥒ |
| Hangul Jamo Extended-A [137] | ꥠ ꥡ ꥢ ꥣ ꥤ ꥥ ꥦ ꥧ ꥨ ꥩ ꥪ ꥫ ꥬ ꥭ ꥮ ꥯ ꥰ ꥱ ꥲ ꥳ ꥴ ꥵ ꥶ ꥷ ꥸ ꥹ ꥺ ꥻ ꥼ (29 / 0 / U+A960–U+A97C) |
| Javanese [138] | ꦀ ꦁ ꦂ ꦃ ꦄ ꦅ ꦆ ꦇ ꦈ ꦉ ꦊ ꦋ ꦌ ꦍ ꦎ ꦏ ꦐ ꦑ ꦒ ꦓ ꦔ ꦕ ꦖ ꦗ ꦘ ꦙ ꦚ ꦛ ꦜ ꦝ ꦞ ꦟ ꦠ ꦡ ꦢ ꦣ ꦤ ꦥ ꦦ ꦧ ꦨ ꦩ ꦪ ꦫ ꦬ ꦭ ꦮ ꦯ ꦰ ꦱ ꦲ ꦳ ꦴ ꦵ ꦶ ꦷ ꦸ ꦹ ꦺ ꦻ ꦼ |
| Myanmar Extended-B [139] | ꧠ ꧡ ꧢ ꧣ ꧤ ꧥ ꧦ ꧧ ꧨ ꧩ ꧪ ꧫ ꧬ ꧭ ꧮ ꧯ ꧰ ꧱ ꧲ ꧳ ꧴ ꧵ ꧶ ꧷ ꧸ ꧹ |
| Cham [140] | ꨀ ꨁ ꨂ ꨃ ꨄ ꨅ ꨆ ꨇ ꨈ ꨉ ꨊ ꨋ ꨌ ꨍ ꨎ ꨏ ꨐ ꨑ ꨒ ꨓ ꨔ ꨕ ꨖ ꨗ ꨘ ꨙ ꨚ ꨛ ꨜ ꨝ ꨞ ꨟ ꨠ ꨡ ꨢ ꨣ ꨤ ꨥ ꨦ ꨧ ꨨ ꨩ ꨪ ꨫ ꨬ ꨭ ꨮ ꨯ ꨰ ꨱ ꨲ |
| Myanmar Extended-A [141] | ꩠ ꩡ ꩢ ꩣ ꩤ ꩥ ꩦ ꩧ ꩨ ꩩ ꩪ ꩫ ꩬ ꩭ ꩮ ꩯ ꩰ ꩱ ꩲ ꩳ ꩴ ꩵ ꩶ ꩷ ꩸ ꩹ ꩺ ꩻ ꩼ ꩽ |
| Tai Viet [142] | ꪀ ꪁ ꪂ ꪃ ꪄ ꪅ ꪆ ꪇ ꪈ ꪉ ꪊ ꪋ ꪌ ꪍ ꪎ ꪏ ꪐ ꪑ ꪒ ꪓ ꪔ ꪕ ꪖ ꪗ ꪘ ꪙ ꪚ ꪛ ꪜ ꪝ ꪞ ꪟ ꪠ ꪡ ꪢ ꪣ ꪤ ꪥ ꪦ ꪧ ꪨ ꪩ ꪪ ꪫ ꪬ ꪭ ꪮ ꪯ ꪰ ꪱ ꪲ ꪳ ꪴ ꪵ ꪶ ꪷ ꪸ ꪹ ꪺ ꪻ ꪼ ꪽ ꪾ |
| Meetei Mayek Extensions [143] | ꫠ ꫡ ꫢ ꫣ ꫤ ꫥ ꫦ ꫧ ꫨ ꫩ ꫪ ꫫ ꫬ ꫭ ꫮ ꫯ ꫰ ꫱ ꫲ ꫳ ꫴ |
| Ethiopic Extended-A [144] | ꬁ ꬂ ꬃ ꬄ ꬅ ꬆ ꬉ ꬊ ꬋ ꬌ ꬍ ꬎ ꬑ ꬒ ꬓ ꬔ ꬕ ꬖ ꬠ ꬡ ꬢ ꬣ ꬤ ꬥ ꬦ ꬨ ꬩ ꬪ ꬫ ꬬ ꬭ ꬮ |
| Latin Extended-E [145] | ꬰ ꬱ ꬲ ꬳ ꬴ ꬵ ꬶ ꬷ ꬸ ꬹ ꬺ ꬻ ꬼ ꬽ ꬾ ꬿ ꭀ ꭁ ꭂ ꭃ ꭄ ꭅ ꭆ ꭇ ꭈ ꭉ ꭊ ꭋ ꭌ ꭍ ꭎ ꭏ ꭐ ꭑ ꭒ ꭓ ꭔ ꭕ ꭖ ꭗ ꭘ ꭙ ꭚ ꭛ ꭜ ꭝ ꭞ ꭟ ꭠ ꭡ ꭢ ꭣ |
| Cherokee Supplement [146] | ꭰ ꭱ ꭲ ꭳ ꭴ ꭵ ꭶ ꭷ ꭸ ꭹ ꭺ ꭻ ꭼ ꭽ ꭾ ꭿ ꮀ ꮁ ꮂ ꮃ ꮄ ꮅ ꮆ ꮇ ꮈ ꮉ ꮊ ꮋ ꮌ ꮍ ꮎ ꮏ ꮐ ꮑ ꮒ ꮓ ꮔ ꮕ ꮖ ꮗ ꮘ ꮙ ꮚ ꮛ ꮜ ꮝ ꮞ ꮟ ꮠ ꮡ ꮢ ꮣ ꮤ ꮥ ꮦ ꮧ ꮨ ꮩ ꮪ ꮫ ꮬ ꮭ ꮮ ꮯ ꮰ ꮱ ꮲ ꮳ ꮴ ꮵ ꮶ ꮷ ꮸ ꮹ ꮺ ꮻ ꮼ ꮽ ꮾ ꮿ (80 / 0 / U+AB70–U+ABBF) |
| Meetei Mayek [147] | ꯀ ꯁ ꯂ ꯃ ꯄ ꯅ ꯆ ꯇ ꯈ ꯉ ꯊ ꯋ ꯌ ꯍ ꯎ ꯏ ꯐ ꯑ ꯒ ꯓ ꯔ ꯕ ꯖ ꯗ ꯘ ꯙ ꯚ ꯛ ꯜ ꯝ ꯞ ꯟ ꯠ ꯡ ꯢ ꯣ ꯤ ꯥ ꯦ ꯧ ꯨ ꯩ ꯪ |
| Hangul Syllables [148] | 가 힣 (2 / 0 / U+AC00–U+D7A3) |
| Hangul Jamo Extended-B [149] | ힰ ힱ ힲ ힳ ힴ ힵ ힶ ힷ ힸ ힹ ힺ ힻ ힼ ힽ ힾ ힿ ퟀ ퟁ ퟂ ퟃ ퟄ ퟅ ퟆ ퟋ ퟌ ퟍ ퟎ ퟏ ퟐ ퟑ ퟒ ퟓ ퟔ ퟕ ퟖ ퟗ ퟘ ퟙ ퟚ ퟛ ퟜ ퟝ ퟞ ퟟ ퟠ ퟡ ퟢ ퟣ ퟤ ퟥ ퟦ ퟧ ퟨ ퟩ ퟪ ퟫ ퟬ ퟭ ퟮ ퟯ ퟰ ퟱ ퟲ ퟳ ퟴ ퟵ ퟶ ퟷ ퟸ ퟹ ퟺ ퟻ |
| High Surrogates [150] | �� �� (2 / 0 / U+D800–U+DB7F) |
| High Private Use Surrogates [151] | �� �� (2 / 0 / U+DB80–U+DBFF) |
| Low Surrogates [152] | �� �� (2 / 0 / U+DC00–U+DFFF) |
| Private Use Area [153] | (2 / 0 / U+E000–U+F8FF) |
| CJK Compatibility Ideographs [154] | 豈 更 車 賈 滑 串 句 龜 龜 契 金 喇 奈 懶 癩 羅 蘿 螺 裸 邏 樂 洛 烙 珞 落 酪 駱 亂 卵 欄 爛 蘭 鸞 嵐 濫 藍 襤 拉 臘 蠟 廊 朗 浪 狼 郎 來 冷 勞 擄 櫓 爐 盧 老 蘆 虜 路 露 魯 鷺 碌 祿 綠 菉 錄 鹿 論 壟 弄 籠 聾 牢 磊 賂 雷 壘 屢 樓 淚 漏 累 縷 陋 勒 肋 凜 凌 稜 綾 菱 陵 讀 拏 樂 諾 丹 寧 怒 率 異 北 磻 便 復 不 泌 數 索 參 塞 省 葉 說 殺 辰 沈 拾 若 掠 略 亮 兩 凉 梁 糧 良 諒 量 勵 呂 女 廬 旅 濾 礪 閭 驪 麗 黎 力 曆 歷 轢 年 憐 戀 撚 漣 煉 璉 秊 練 聯 輦 蓮 連 鍊 列 劣 咽 烈 裂 說 廉 念 捻 殮 簾 獵 令 囹 寧 嶺 怜 玲 瑩 羚 聆 鈴 零 靈 領 例 禮 醴 隸 惡 了 僚 寮 尿 料 樂 燎 療 蓼 遼 龍 暈 阮 劉 杻 柳 流 溜 琉 留 硫 紐 類 六 戮 陸 倫 崙 淪 輪 律 慄 栗 率 隆 利 吏 履 易 李 梨 泥 理 痢 罹 裏 裡 里 離 匿 溺 吝 燐 璘 藺 隣 鱗 麟 林 淋 臨 立 笠 粒 狀 炙 識 什 茶 刺 切 度 拓 糖 宅 洞 暴 輻 行 降 見 廓 兀 嗀 﨎 﨏 塚 﨑 晴 﨓 﨔 凞 猪 益 礼 神 祥 福 靖 精 羽 﨟 蘒 﨡 諸 﨣 﨤 逸 都 﨧 﨨 﨩 飯 飼 館 鶴 |
| Alphabetic Presentation Forms [155] | ff fi fl ffi ffl ſt st ﬓ ﬔ ﬕ ﬖ ﬗ יִ ﬞ ײַ ﬠ ﬡ ﬢ ﬣ ﬤ ﬥ ﬦ ﬧ ﬨ ﬩ שׁ שׂ שּׁ שּׂ אַ אָ אּ בּ גּ דּ הּ וּ זּ טּ יּ ךּ כּ לּ מּ נּ סּ ףּ פּ צּ קּ רּ שּ תּ וֹ בֿ כֿ פֿ ﭏ |
| Arabic Presentation Forms-A [156] | ﭐ ﭑ ﭒ ﭓ ﭔ ﭕ ﭖ ﭗ ﭘ ﭙ ﭚ ﭛ ﭜ ﭝ ﭞ ﭟ ﭠ ﭡ ﭢ ﭣ ﭤ ﭥ ﭦ ﭧ ﭨ ﭩ ﭪ ﭫ ﭬ ﭭ ﭮ ﭯ ﭰ ﭱ ﭲ ﭳ ﭴ ﭵ ﭶ ﭷ ﭸ ﭹ ﭺ ﭻ ﭼ ﭽ ﭾ ﭿ ﮀ ﮁ ﮂ ﮃ ﮄ ﮅ ﮆ ﮇ ﮈ ﮉ ﮊ ﮋ ﮌ ﮍ ﮎ ﮏ ﮐ ﮑ ﮒ ﮓ ﮔ ﮕ ﮖ ﮗ ﮘ ﮙ ﮚ ﮛ ﮜ ﮝ ﮞ ﮟ ﮠ ﮡ ﮢ ﮣ ﮤ ﮥ ﮦ ﮧ ﮨ ﮩ ﮪ ﮫ ﮬ ﮭ ﮮ ﮯ ﮰ ﮱ ﮲ ﮳ ﮴ ﮵ ﮶ ﮷ ﮸ ﮹ ﮺ ﮻ ﮼ ﮽ ﮾ ﮿ ﯀ ﯁ ﯂ |
| Variation Selectors [157] | ︀ ︁ ︂ ︃ ︄ ︅ ︆ ︇ ︈ ︉ ︊ ︋ ︌ ︍ ︎ ️ |
| Vertical Forms [158] | ︐ ︑ ︒ ︓ ︔ ︕ ︖ ︗ ︘ ︙ (10 / 0 / U+FE10–U+FE19) |
| Combining Half Marks [159] | ︠ ︡ ︢ ︣ ︤ ︥ ︦ ︧ ︨ ︩ ︪ ︫ ︬ ︭ ︮ ︯ |
| CJK Compatibility Forms [160] | ︰ ︱ ︲ ︳ ︴ ︵ ︶ ︷ ︸ ︹ ︺ ︻ ︼ ︽ ︾ ︿ ﹀ ﹁ ﹂ ﹃ ﹄ ﹅ ﹆ ﹇ ﹈ ﹉ ﹊ ﹋ ﹌ ﹍ ﹎ ﹏ |
| Small Form Variants [161] | ﹐ ﹑ ﹒ ﹔ ﹕ ﹖ ﹗ ﹘ ﹙ ﹚ ﹛ ﹜ ﹝ ﹞ ﹟ ﹠ ﹡ ﹢ ﹣ ﹤ ﹥ ﹦ ﹨ ﹩ ﹪ ﹫ (26 / 0 / U+FE50–U+FE6B) |
| Arabic Presentation Forms-B [162] | ﹰ ﹱ ﹲ ﹳ ﹴ ﹶ ﹷ ﹸ ﹹ ﹺ ﹻ ﹼ ﹽ ﹾ ﹿ ﺀ ﺁ ﺂ ﺃ ﺄ ﺅ ﺆ ﺇ ﺈ ﺉ ﺊ ﺋ ﺌ ﺍ ﺎ ﺏ ﺐ ﺑ ﺒ ﺓ ﺔ ﺕ ﺖ ﺗ ﺘ ﺙ ﺚ ﺛ ﺜ ﺝ ﺞ ﺟ ﺠ ﺡ ﺢ ﺣ ﺤ ﺥ ﺦ ﺧ ﺨ ﺩ ﺪ ﺫ ﺬ ﺭ ﺮ ﺯ ﺰ ﺱ ﺲ ﺳ ﺴ ﺵ ﺶ ﺷ ﺸ ﺹ ﺺ ﺻ ﺼ ﺽ ﺾ ﺿ ﻀ ﻁ ﻂ ﻃ ﻄ ﻅ ﻆ ﻇ ﻈ ﻉ ﻊ ﻋ ﻌ ﻍ ﻎ ﻏ ﻐ ﻑ ﻒ ﻓ ﻔ ﻕ ﻖ ﻗ ﻘ ﻙ ﻚ ﻛ ﻜ ﻝ ﻞ ﻟ ﻠ ﻡ ﻢ ﻣ ﻤ ﻥ ﻦ ﻧ ﻨ ﻩ ﻪ ﻫ ﻬ ﻭ ﻮ ﻯ ﻰ ﻱ ﻲ ﻳ ﻴ ﻵ ﻶ ﻷ ﻸ ﻹ ﻺ ﻻ ﻼ (141 / 0 / U+FE70–U+FEFF) |
| Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms [163] | ！ ＂ ＃ ＄ ％ ＆ ＇ （ ） ＊ ＋ ， － ． ／ ０ １ ２ ３ ４ ５ ６ ７ ８ ９ ： ； ＜ ＝ ＞ ？ ＠ |
| Specials [164] |  � (5 / 0 / U+FFF9–U+FFFD) |
| Linear B Syllabary [165] | 𐀀 𐀁 𐀂 𐀃 𐀄 𐀅 𐀆 𐀇 𐀈 𐀉 𐀊 𐀋 𐀍 𐀎 𐀏 𐀐 𐀑 𐀒 𐀓 𐀔 𐀕 𐀖 𐀗 𐀘 𐀙 𐀚 𐀛 𐀜 𐀝 𐀞 𐀟 𐀠 𐀡 𐀢 𐀣 𐀤 𐀥 𐀦 𐀨 𐀩 𐀪 𐀫 𐀬 𐀭 𐀮 𐀯 𐀰 𐀱 𐀲 𐀳 𐀴 𐀵 𐀶 𐀷 𐀸 𐀹 𐀺 𐀼 𐀽 𐀿 𐁀 𐁁 𐁂 𐁃 𐁄 𐁅 𐁆 𐁇 𐁈 𐁉 𐁊 𐁋 𐁌 𐁍 |
| Linear B Ideograms [166] | 𐂀 𐂁 𐂂 𐂃 𐂄 𐂅 𐂆 𐂇 𐂈 𐂉 𐂊 𐂋 𐂌 𐂍 𐂎 𐂏 𐂐 𐂑 𐂒 𐂓 𐂔 𐂕 𐂖 𐂗 𐂘 𐂙 |
| Aegean Numbers [167] | 𐄀 𐄁 𐄂 𐄇 𐄈 𐄉 𐄊 𐄋 𐄌 𐄍 𐄎 𐄏 𐄐 𐄑 𐄒 𐄓 𐄔 𐄕 𐄖 𐄗 𐄘 𐄙 𐄚 𐄛 𐄜 𐄝 𐄞 𐄟 𐄠 𐄡 𐄢 𐄣 𐄤 𐄥 𐄦 𐄧 𐄨 𐄩 𐄪 𐄫 𐄬 𐄭 𐄮 𐄯 𐄰 𐄱 𐄲 𐄳 𐄷 𐄸 𐄹 𐄺 𐄻 𐄼 𐄽 𐄾 𐄿 |
| Ancient Greek Numbers [168] | 𐅀 𐅁 𐅂 𐅃 𐅄 𐅅 𐅆 𐅇 𐅈 𐅉 𐅊 𐅋 𐅌 𐅍 𐅎 𐅏 𐅐 𐅑 𐅒 𐅓 𐅔 𐅕 𐅖 𐅗 𐅘 𐅙 𐅚 𐅛 𐅜 𐅝 𐅞 𐅟 𐅠 𐅡 𐅢 𐅣 𐅤 𐅥 𐅦 𐅧 𐅨 𐅩 𐅪 𐅫 𐅬 𐅭 𐅮 𐅯 𐅰 𐅱 𐅲 𐅳 𐅴 𐅵 𐅶 𐅷 𐅸 𐅹 𐅺 𐅻 𐅼 𐅽 𐅾 𐅿 𐆀 𐆁 𐆂 𐆃 𐆄 𐆅 𐆆 𐆇 𐆈 𐆉 |
| Ancient Symbols [169] | 𐆐 𐆑 𐆒 𐆓 𐆔 𐆕 𐆖 𐆗 𐆘 𐆙 𐆚 𐆛 𐆜 𐆠 |
| Phaistos Disc [170] | 𐇐 𐇑 𐇒 𐇓 𐇔 𐇕 𐇖 𐇗 𐇘 𐇙 𐇚 𐇛 𐇜 𐇝 𐇞 𐇟 𐇠 𐇡 𐇢 𐇣 𐇤 𐇥 𐇦 𐇧 𐇨 𐇩 𐇪 𐇫 𐇬 𐇭 𐇮 𐇯 𐇰 𐇱 𐇲 𐇳 𐇴 𐇵 𐇶 𐇷 𐇸 𐇹 𐇺 𐇻 𐇼 𐇽 |
| Lycian [171] | 𐊀 𐊁 𐊂 𐊃 𐊄 𐊅 𐊆 𐊇 𐊈 𐊉 𐊊 𐊋 𐊌 𐊍 𐊎 𐊏 𐊐 𐊑 𐊒 𐊓 𐊔 𐊕 𐊖 𐊗 𐊘 𐊙 𐊚 𐊛 𐊜 (29 / 0 / U+10280–U+1029C) |
| Carian [172] | 𐊠 𐊡 𐊢 𐊣 𐊤 𐊥 𐊦 𐊧 𐊨 𐊩 𐊪 𐊫 𐊬 𐊭 𐊮 𐊯 𐊰 𐊱 𐊲 𐊳 𐊴 𐊵 𐊶 𐊷 𐊸 𐊹 𐊺 𐊻 𐊼 𐊽 𐊾 𐊿 𐋀 𐋁 𐋂 𐋃 𐋄 𐋅 𐋆 𐋇 𐋈 𐋉 𐋊 𐋋 𐋌 𐋍 𐋎 𐋏 𐋐 (49 / 0 / U+102A0–U+102D0) |
| Coptic Epact Numbers [173] | 𐋠 𐋡 𐋢 𐋣 𐋤 𐋥 𐋦 𐋧 𐋨 𐋩 𐋪 𐋫 𐋬 𐋭 𐋮 𐋯 𐋰 𐋱 𐋲 𐋳 𐋴 𐋵 𐋶 𐋷 𐋸 𐋹 𐋺 𐋻 |
| Old Italic [174] | 𐌀 𐌁 𐌂 𐌃 𐌄 𐌅 𐌆 𐌇 𐌈 𐌉 𐌊 𐌋 𐌌 𐌍 𐌎 𐌏 𐌐 𐌑 𐌒 𐌓 𐌔 𐌕 𐌖 𐌗 𐌘 𐌙 𐌚 𐌛 𐌜 𐌝 𐌞 𐌟 𐌠 𐌡 𐌢 𐌣 |
| Gothic [175] | 𐌰 𐌱 𐌲 𐌳 𐌴 𐌵 𐌶 𐌷 𐌸 𐌹 𐌺 𐌻 𐌼 𐌽 𐌾 𐌿 𐍀 𐍁 𐍂 𐍃 𐍄 𐍅 𐍆 𐍇 𐍈 𐍉 𐍊 (27 / 0 / U+10330–U+1034A) |
| Old Permic [176] | 𐍐 𐍑 𐍒 𐍓 𐍔 𐍕 𐍖 𐍗 𐍘 𐍙 𐍚 𐍛 𐍜 𐍝 𐍞 𐍟 𐍠 𐍡 𐍢 𐍣 𐍤 𐍥 𐍦 𐍧 𐍨 𐍩 𐍪 𐍫 𐍬 𐍭 𐍮 𐍯 𐍰 𐍱 𐍲 𐍳 𐍴 𐍵 𐍶 𐍷 𐍸 𐍹 𐍺 |
| Ugaritic [177] | 𐎀 𐎁 𐎂 𐎃 𐎄 𐎅 𐎆 𐎇 𐎈 𐎉 𐎊 𐎋 𐎌 𐎍 𐎎 𐎏 𐎐 𐎑 𐎒 𐎓 𐎔 𐎕 𐎖 𐎗 𐎘 𐎙 𐎚 𐎛 𐎜 𐎝 𐎟 |
| Old Persian [178] | 𐎠 𐎡 𐎢 𐎣 𐎤 𐎥 𐎦 𐎧 𐎨 𐎩 𐎪 𐎫 𐎬 𐎭 𐎮 𐎯 𐎰 𐎱 𐎲 𐎳 𐎴 𐎵 𐎶 𐎷 𐎸 𐎹 𐎺 𐎻 𐎼 𐎽 𐎾 𐎿 𐏀 𐏁 𐏂 𐏃 𐏈 𐏉 𐏊 𐏋 𐏌 𐏍 𐏎 𐏏 𐏐 |
| Deseret [179] | 𐐀 𐐁 𐐂 𐐃 𐐄 𐐅 𐐆 𐐇 𐐈 𐐉 𐐊 𐐋 𐐌 𐐍 𐐎 𐐏 𐐐 𐐑 𐐒 𐐓 𐐔 𐐕 𐐖 𐐗 𐐘 𐐙 𐐚 𐐛 𐐜 𐐝 𐐞 𐐟 𐐠 𐐡 𐐢 𐐣 𐐤 𐐥 𐐦 𐐧 𐐨 𐐩 𐐪 𐐫 𐐬 𐐭 𐐮 𐐯 𐐰 𐐱 𐐲 𐐳 𐐴 𐐵 𐐶 𐐷 𐐸 𐐹 𐐺 𐐻 𐐼 𐐽 𐐾 𐐿 𐑀 𐑁 𐑂 𐑃 𐑄 𐑅 𐑆 𐑇 𐑈 𐑉 𐑊 𐑋 𐑌 𐑍 𐑎 𐑏 |
| Shavian [180] | 𐑐 𐑑 𐑒 𐑓 𐑔 𐑕 𐑖 𐑗 𐑘 𐑙 𐑚 𐑛 𐑜 𐑝 𐑞 𐑟 𐑠 𐑡 𐑢 𐑣 𐑤 𐑥 𐑦 𐑧 𐑨 𐑩 𐑪 𐑫 𐑬 𐑭 𐑮 𐑯 𐑰 𐑱 𐑲 𐑳 𐑴 𐑵 𐑶 𐑷 |
| Osmanya [181] | 𐒀 𐒁 𐒂 𐒃 𐒄 𐒅 𐒆 𐒇 𐒈 𐒉 𐒊 𐒋 𐒌 𐒍 𐒎 𐒏 𐒐 𐒑 𐒒 𐒓 𐒔 𐒕 𐒖 𐒗 𐒘 𐒙 𐒚 𐒛 𐒜 𐒝 𐒠 𐒡 𐒢 𐒣 𐒤 𐒥 𐒦 𐒧 𐒨 𐒩 |
| Osage [182] | 𐒰 𐒱 𐒲 𐒳 𐒴 𐒵 𐒶 𐒷 𐒸 𐒹 𐒺 𐒻 𐒼 𐒽 𐒾 𐒿 𐓀 𐓁 𐓂 𐓃 𐓄 𐓅 𐓆 𐓇 𐓈 𐓉 𐓊 𐓋 𐓌 𐓍 𐓎 𐓏 𐓐 𐓑 𐓒 𐓓 𐓘 𐓙 𐓚 𐓛 𐓜 𐓝 𐓞 𐓟 𐓠 𐓡 𐓢 𐓣 𐓤 𐓥 𐓦 𐓧 𐓨 𐓩 𐓪 𐓫 𐓬 𐓭 𐓮 𐓯 𐓰 𐓱 𐓲 𐓳 𐓴 𐓵 𐓶 𐓷 𐓸 𐓹 𐓺 𐓻 |
| Elbasan [183] | 𐔀 𐔁 𐔂 𐔃 𐔄 𐔅 𐔆 𐔇 𐔈 𐔉 𐔊 𐔋 𐔌 𐔍 𐔎 𐔏 𐔐 𐔑 𐔒 𐔓 𐔔 𐔕 𐔖 𐔗 𐔘 𐔙 𐔚 𐔛 𐔜 𐔝 𐔞 𐔟 𐔠 𐔡 𐔢 𐔣 𐔤 𐔥 𐔦 𐔧 (40 / 0 / U+10500–U+10527) |
| Caucasian Albanian [184] | 𐔰 𐔱 𐔲 𐔳 𐔴 𐔵 𐔶 𐔷 𐔸 𐔹 𐔺 𐔻 𐔼 𐔽 𐔾 𐔿 𐕀 𐕁 𐕂 𐕃 𐕄 𐕅 𐕆 𐕇 𐕈 𐕉 𐕊 𐕋 𐕌 𐕍 𐕎 𐕏 𐕐 𐕑 𐕒 𐕓 𐕔 𐕕 𐕖 𐕗 𐕘 𐕙 𐕚 𐕛 𐕜 𐕝 𐕞 𐕟 𐕠 𐕡 𐕢 𐕣 𐕯 |
| Vithkuqi [185] | 𐕰 𐕱 𐕲 𐕳 𐕴 𐕵 𐕶 𐕷 𐕸 𐕹 𐕺 𐕼 𐕽 𐕾 𐕿 𐖀 𐖁 𐖂 𐖃 𐖄 𐖅 𐖆 𐖇 𐖈 𐖉 𐖊 𐖌 𐖍 𐖎 𐖏 𐖐 𐖑 𐖒 𐖔 𐖕 𐖗 𐖘 𐖙 𐖚 𐖛 𐖜 𐖝 𐖞 𐖟 𐖠 𐖡 𐖣 𐖤 𐖥 𐖦 𐖧 𐖨 𐖩 𐖪 𐖫 𐖬 𐖭 𐖮 𐖯 𐖰 𐖱 𐖳 𐖴 𐖵 𐖶 𐖷 𐖸 𐖹 𐖻 𐖼 |
| Linear A [186] | 𐘀 𐘁 𐘂 𐘃 𐘄 𐘅 𐘆 𐘇 𐘈 𐘉 𐘊 𐘋 𐘌 𐘍 𐘎 𐘏 𐘐 𐘑 𐘒 𐘓 𐘔 𐘕 𐘖 𐘗 𐘘 𐘙 𐘚 𐘛 𐘜 𐘝 𐘞 𐘟 𐘠 𐘡 𐘢 𐘣 𐘤 𐘥 𐘦 𐘧 𐘨 𐘩 𐘪 𐘫 𐘬 𐘭 𐘮 𐘯 𐘰 𐘱 𐘲 𐘳 𐘴 𐘵 𐘶 𐘷 𐘸 𐘹 𐘺 𐘻 𐘼 𐘽 𐘾 𐘿 𐙀 𐙁 𐙂 𐙃 𐙄 𐙅 𐙆 𐙇 𐙈 𐙉 𐙊 𐙋 𐙌 𐙍 𐙎 𐙏 𐙐 𐙑 𐙒 𐙓 𐙔 𐙕 𐙖 𐙗 𐙘 𐙙 𐙚 𐙛 𐙜 𐙝 𐙞 𐙟 𐙠 𐙡 𐙢 𐙣 𐙤 𐙥 𐙦 𐙧 𐙨 𐙩 𐙪 𐙫 𐙬 𐙭 𐙮 𐙯 𐙰 𐙱 𐙲 𐙳 𐙴 𐙵 𐙶 𐙷 𐙸 𐙹 𐙺 𐙻 𐙼 𐙽 𐙾 𐙿 𐚀 𐚁 𐚂 𐚃 𐚄 𐚅 𐚆 𐚇 𐚈 𐚉 𐚊 𐚋 𐚌 𐚍 𐚎 𐚏 𐚐 𐚑 𐚒 𐚓 𐚔 𐚕 𐚖 𐚗 𐚘 𐚙 𐚚 𐚛 𐚜 𐚝 𐚞 𐚟 𐚠 𐚡 𐚢 𐚣 𐚤 𐚥 𐚦 𐚧 𐚨 𐚩 𐚪 𐚫 𐚬 𐚭 𐚮 𐚯 𐚰 𐚱 𐚲 |
| Latin Extended-F [187] | 𐞀 𐞁 𐞂 𐞃 𐞄 𐞅 𐞇 𐞈 𐞉 𐞊 𐞋 𐞌 𐞍 𐞎 𐞏 𐞐 𐞑 𐞒 𐞓 𐞔 𐞕 𐞖 𐞗 𐞘 𐞙 𐞚 𐞛 𐞜 𐞝 𐞞 𐞟 𐞠 𐞡 𐞢 𐞣 𐞤 𐞥 𐞦 𐞧 𐞨 𐞩 𐞪 𐞫 𐞬 𐞭 𐞮 𐞯 𐞰 𐞲 𐞳 𐞴 𐞵 𐞶 𐞷 𐞸 𐞹 𐞺 (57 / 0 / U+10780–U+107BA) |
| Cypriot Syllabary [188] | 𐠀 𐠁 𐠂 𐠃 𐠄 𐠅 𐠈 𐠊 𐠋 𐠌 𐠍 𐠎 𐠏 𐠐 𐠑 𐠒 𐠓 𐠔 𐠕 𐠖 𐠗 𐠘 𐠙 𐠚 𐠛 𐠜 𐠝 𐠞 𐠟 𐠠 𐠡 𐠢 𐠣 𐠤 𐠥 𐠦 𐠧 𐠨 𐠩 𐠪 𐠫 𐠬 𐠭 𐠮 𐠯 𐠰 𐠱 𐠲 𐠳 𐠴 𐠵 𐠷 𐠸 𐠼 𐠿 (55 / 0 / U+10800–U+1083F) |
| Imperial Aramaic [189] | 𐡀 𐡁 𐡂 𐡃 𐡄 𐡅 𐡆 𐡇 𐡈 𐡉 𐡊 𐡋 𐡌 𐡍 𐡎 𐡏 𐡐 𐡑 𐡒 𐡓 𐡔 𐡕 𐡗 𐡘 𐡙 𐡚 𐡛 𐡜 𐡝 𐡞 𐡟 |
| Palmyrene [190] | 𐡠 𐡡 𐡢 𐡣 𐡤 𐡥 𐡦 𐡧 𐡨 𐡩 𐡪 𐡫 𐡬 𐡭 𐡮 𐡯 𐡰 𐡱 𐡲 𐡳 𐡴 𐡵 𐡶 𐡷 𐡸 𐡹 𐡺 𐡻 𐡼 𐡽 𐡾 𐡿 |
| Nabataean [191] | 𐢀 𐢁 𐢂 𐢃 𐢄 𐢅 𐢆 𐢇 𐢈 𐢉 𐢊 𐢋 𐢌 𐢍 𐢎 𐢏 𐢐 𐢑 𐢒 𐢓 𐢔 𐢕 𐢖 𐢗 𐢘 𐢙 𐢚 𐢛 𐢜 𐢝 𐢞 𐢧 𐢨 𐢩 𐢪 𐢫 𐢬 𐢭 𐢮 𐢯 |
| Hatran [192] | 𐣠 𐣡 𐣢 𐣣 𐣤 𐣥 𐣦 𐣧 𐣨 𐣩 𐣪 𐣫 𐣬 𐣭 𐣮 𐣯 𐣰 𐣱 𐣲 𐣴 𐣵 𐣻 𐣼 𐣽 𐣾 𐣿 |
| Phoenician [193] | 𐤀 𐤁 𐤂 𐤃 𐤄 𐤅 𐤆 𐤇 𐤈 𐤉 𐤊 𐤋 𐤌 𐤍 𐤎 𐤏 𐤐 𐤑 𐤒 𐤓 𐤔 𐤕 𐤖 𐤗 𐤘 𐤙 𐤚 𐤛 𐤟 |
| Lydian [194] | 𐤠 𐤡 𐤢 𐤣 𐤤 𐤥 𐤦 𐤧 𐤨 𐤩 𐤪 𐤫 𐤬 𐤭 𐤮 𐤯 𐤰 𐤱 𐤲 𐤳 𐤴 𐤵 𐤶 𐤷 𐤸 𐤹 𐤿 |
| Meroitic Hieroglyphs [195] | 𐦀 𐦁 𐦂 𐦃 𐦄 𐦅 𐦆 𐦇 𐦈 𐦉 𐦊 𐦋 𐦌 𐦍 𐦎 𐦏 𐦐 𐦑 𐦒 𐦓 𐦔 𐦕 𐦖 𐦗 𐦘 𐦙 𐦚 𐦛 𐦜 𐦝 𐦞 𐦟 |
| Meroitic Cursive [196] | 𐦠 𐦡 𐦢 𐦣 𐦤 𐦥 𐦦 𐦧 𐦨 𐦩 𐦪 𐦫 𐦬 𐦭 𐦮 𐦯 𐦰 𐦱 𐦲 𐦳 𐦴 𐦵 𐦶 𐦷 𐦼 𐦽 𐦾 𐦿 𐧀 𐧁 𐧂 𐧃 𐧄 𐧅 𐧆 𐧇 𐧈 |
| Kharoshthi [197] | 𐨀 𐨁 𐨂 𐨃 𐨅 𐨆 𐨌 𐨍 𐨎 𐨏 𐨐 𐨑 𐨒 𐨓 𐨕 𐨖 𐨗 𐨙 𐨚 𐨛 𐨜 𐨝 𐨞 𐨟 𐨠 𐨡 𐨢 𐨣 𐨤 𐨥 𐨦 𐨧 𐨨 𐨩 𐨪 𐨫 𐨬 𐨭 𐨮 𐨯 𐨰 𐨱 𐨲 𐨳 𐨴 𐨵 |
| Old South Arabian [198] | 𐩠 𐩡 𐩢 𐩣 𐩤 𐩥 𐩦 𐩧 𐩨 𐩩 𐩪 𐩫 𐩬 𐩭 𐩮 𐩯 𐩰 𐩱 𐩲 𐩳 𐩴 𐩵 𐩶 𐩷 𐩸 𐩹 𐩺 𐩻 𐩼 𐩽 𐩾 𐩿 |
| Old North Arabian [199] | 𐪀 𐪁 𐪂 𐪃 𐪄 𐪅 𐪆 𐪇 𐪈 𐪉 𐪊 𐪋 𐪌 𐪍 𐪎 𐪏 𐪐 𐪑 𐪒 𐪓 𐪔 𐪕 𐪖 𐪗 𐪘 𐪙 𐪚 𐪛 𐪜 𐪝 𐪞 𐪟 |
| Manichaean [200] | 𐫀 𐫁 𐫂 𐫃 𐫄 𐫅 𐫆 𐫇 𐫈 𐫉 𐫊 𐫋 𐫌 𐫍 𐫎 𐫏 𐫐 𐫑 𐫒 𐫓 𐫔 𐫕 𐫖 𐫗 𐫘 𐫙 𐫚 𐫛 𐫜 𐫝 𐫞 𐫟 𐫠 𐫡 𐫢 𐫣 𐫤 |
| Avestan [201] | 𐬀 𐬁 𐬂 𐬃 𐬄 𐬅 𐬆 𐬇 𐬈 𐬉 𐬊 𐬋 𐬌 𐬍 𐬎 𐬏 𐬐 𐬑 𐬒 𐬓 𐬔 𐬕 𐬖 𐬗 𐬘 𐬙 𐬚 𐬛 𐬜 𐬝 𐬞 𐬟 𐬠 𐬡 𐬢 𐬣 𐬤 𐬥 𐬦 𐬧 𐬨 𐬩 𐬪 𐬫 𐬬 𐬭 𐬮 𐬯 𐬰 𐬱 𐬲 𐬳 𐬴 𐬵 |
| Inscriptional Parthian [202] | 𐭀 𐭁 𐭂 𐭃 𐭄 𐭅 𐭆 𐭇 𐭈 𐭉 𐭊 𐭋 𐭌 𐭍 𐭎 𐭏 𐭐 𐭑 𐭒 𐭓 𐭔 𐭕 𐭘 𐭙 𐭚 𐭛 𐭜 𐭝 𐭞 𐭟 |
| Inscriptional Pahlavi [203] | 𐭠 𐭡 𐭢 𐭣 𐭤 𐭥 𐭦 𐭧 𐭨 𐭩 𐭪 𐭫 𐭬 𐭭 𐭮 𐭯 𐭰 𐭱 𐭲 𐭸 𐭹 𐭺 𐭻 𐭼 𐭽 𐭾 𐭿 |
| Psalter Pahlavi [204] | 𐮀 𐮁 𐮂 𐮃 𐮄 𐮅 𐮆 𐮇 𐮈 𐮉 𐮊 𐮋 𐮌 𐮍 𐮎 𐮏 𐮐 𐮑 𐮙 𐮚 𐮛 𐮜 𐮩 𐮪 𐮫 𐮬 𐮭 𐮮 𐮯 |
| Old Turkic [205] | 𐰀 𐰁 𐰂 𐰃 𐰄 𐰅 𐰆 𐰇 𐰈 𐰉 𐰊 𐰋 𐰌 𐰍 𐰎 𐰏 𐰐 𐰑 𐰒 𐰓 𐰔 𐰕 𐰖 𐰗 𐰘 𐰙 𐰚 𐰛 𐰜 𐰝 𐰞 𐰟 𐰠 𐰡 𐰢 𐰣 𐰤 𐰥 𐰦 𐰧 𐰨 𐰩 𐰪 𐰫 𐰬 𐰭 𐰮 𐰯 𐰰 𐰱 𐰲 𐰳 𐰴 𐰵 𐰶 𐰷 𐰸 𐰹 𐰺 𐰻 𐰼 𐰽 𐰾 𐰿 𐱀 𐱁 𐱂 𐱃 𐱄 𐱅 𐱆 𐱇 𐱈 |
| Old Hungarian [206] | 𐲀 𐲁 𐲂 𐲃 𐲄 𐲅 𐲆 𐲇 𐲈 𐲉 𐲊 𐲋 𐲌 𐲍 𐲎 𐲏 𐲐 𐲑 𐲒 𐲓 𐲔 𐲕 𐲖 𐲗 𐲘 𐲙 𐲚 𐲛 𐲜 𐲝 𐲞 𐲟 𐲠 𐲡 𐲢 𐲣 𐲤 𐲥 𐲦 𐲧 𐲨 𐲩 𐲪 𐲫 𐲬 𐲭 𐲮 𐲯 𐲰 𐲱 𐲲 𐳀 𐳁 𐳂 𐳃 𐳄 𐳅 𐳆 𐳇 𐳈 𐳉 𐳊 𐳋 𐳌 𐳍 𐳎 𐳏 𐳐 𐳑 𐳒 𐳓 𐳔 𐳕 𐳖 𐳗 𐳘 𐳙 𐳚 𐳛 𐳜 𐳝 𐳞 𐳟 𐳠 𐳡 𐳢 𐳣 𐳤 𐳥 𐳦 𐳧 𐳨 𐳩 𐳪 𐳫 𐳬 𐳭 𐳮 𐳯 𐳰 𐳱 𐳲 |
| Hanifi Rohingya [207] | 𐴀 𐴁 𐴂 𐴃 𐴄 𐴅 𐴆 𐴇 𐴈 𐴉 𐴊 𐴋 𐴌 𐴍 𐴎 𐴏 𐴐 𐴑 𐴒 𐴓 𐴔 𐴕 𐴖 𐴗 𐴘 𐴙 𐴚 𐴛 𐴜 𐴝 𐴞 𐴟 𐴠 𐴡 𐴢 𐴣 𐴤 𐴥 𐴦 |
| Rumi Numeral Symbols [208] | 𐹠 𐹡 𐹢 𐹣 𐹤 𐹥 𐹦 𐹧 𐹨 𐹩 𐹪 𐹫 𐹬 𐹭 𐹮 𐹯 𐹰 𐹱 𐹲 𐹳 𐹴 𐹵 𐹶 𐹷 𐹸 𐹹 𐹺 |
| Yezidi [209] | 𐺀 𐺁 𐺂 𐺃 𐺄 𐺅 𐺆 𐺇 𐺈 𐺉 𐺊 𐺋 𐺌 𐺍 𐺎 𐺏 𐺐 𐺑 𐺒 𐺓 𐺔 𐺕 𐺖 𐺗 𐺘 𐺙 𐺚 𐺛 𐺜 𐺝 𐺞 𐺟 𐺠 𐺡 𐺢 𐺣 𐺤 𐺥 𐺦 𐺧 𐺨 𐺩 𐺫 𐺬 𐺭 𐺰 𐺱 |
| Arabic Extended-C [210] | 𐻽 𐻾 𐻿 (3 / 0 / U+10EFD–U+10EFF) |
| Old Sogdian [211] | 𐼀 𐼁 𐼂 𐼃 𐼄 𐼅 𐼆 𐼇 𐼈 𐼉 𐼊 𐼋 𐼌 𐼍 𐼎 𐼏 𐼐 𐼑 𐼒 𐼓 𐼔 𐼕 𐼖 𐼗 𐼘 𐼙 𐼚 𐼛 𐼜 𐼝 𐼞 𐼟 𐼠 𐼡 𐼢 𐼣 𐼤 𐼥 𐼦 |
| Sogdian [212] | 𐼰 𐼱 𐼲 𐼳 𐼴 𐼵 𐼶 𐼷 𐼸 𐼹 𐼺 𐼻 𐼼 𐼽 𐼾 𐼿 𐽀 𐽁 𐽂 𐽃 𐽄 𐽅 𐽆 𐽇 𐽈 𐽉 𐽊 𐽋 𐽌 𐽍 𐽎 𐽏 𐽐 |
| Old Uyghur [213] | 𐽰 𐽱 𐽲 𐽳 𐽴 𐽵 𐽶 𐽷 𐽸 𐽹 𐽺 𐽻 𐽼 𐽽 𐽾 𐽿 𐾀 𐾁 𐾂 𐾃 𐾄 𐾅 𐾆 𐾇 𐾈 𐾉 |
| Chorasmian [214] | 𐾰 𐾱 𐾲 𐾳 𐾴 𐾵 𐾶 𐾷 𐾸 𐾹 𐾺 𐾻 𐾼 𐾽 𐾾 𐾿 𐿀 𐿁 𐿂 𐿃 𐿄 𐿅 𐿆 𐿇 𐿈 𐿉 𐿊 𐿋 |
| Elymaic [215] | 𐿠 𐿡 𐿢 𐿣 𐿤 𐿥 𐿦 𐿧 𐿨 𐿩 𐿪 𐿫 𐿬 𐿭 𐿮 𐿯 𐿰 𐿱 𐿲 𐿳 𐿴 𐿵 𐿶 |
| Brahmi [216] | 𑀀 𑀁 𑀂 𑀃 𑀄 𑀅 𑀆 𑀇 𑀈 𑀉 𑀊 𑀋 𑀌 𑀍 𑀎 𑀏 𑀐 𑀑 𑀒 𑀓 𑀔 𑀕 𑀖 𑀗 𑀘 𑀙 𑀚 𑀛 𑀜 𑀝 𑀞 𑀟 𑀠 𑀡 𑀢 𑀣 𑀤 𑀥 𑀦 𑀧 𑀨 𑀩 𑀪 𑀫 𑀬 𑀭 𑀮 𑀯 𑀰 𑀱 𑀲 𑀳 𑀴 𑀵 𑀶 𑀷 |
| Kaithi [217] | 𑂀 𑂁 𑂂 𑂃 𑂄 𑂅 𑂆 𑂇 𑂈 𑂉 𑂊 𑂋 𑂌 𑂍 𑂎 𑂏 𑂐 𑂑 𑂒 𑂓 𑂔 𑂕 𑂖 𑂗 𑂘 𑂙 𑂚 𑂛 𑂜 𑂝 𑂞 𑂟 𑂠 𑂡 𑂢 𑂣 𑂤 𑂥 𑂦 𑂧 𑂨 𑂩 𑂪 𑂫 𑂬 𑂭 𑂮 𑂯 |
| Sora Sompeng [218] | 𑃐 𑃑 𑃒 𑃓 𑃔 𑃕 𑃖 𑃗 𑃘 𑃙 𑃚 𑃛 𑃜 𑃝 𑃞 𑃟 𑃠 𑃡 𑃢 𑃣 𑃤 𑃥 𑃦 𑃧 𑃨 𑃰 𑃱 𑃲 𑃳 𑃴 𑃵 𑃶 𑃷 𑃸 𑃹 |
| Chakma [219] | 𑄀 𑄁 𑄂 𑄃 𑄄 𑄅 𑄆 𑄇 𑄈 𑄉 𑄊 𑄋 𑄌 𑄍 𑄎 𑄏 𑄐 𑄑 𑄒 𑄓 𑄔 𑄕 𑄖 𑄗 𑄘 𑄙 𑄚 𑄛 𑄜 𑄝 𑄞 𑄟 𑄠 𑄡 𑄢 𑄣 𑄤 𑄥 𑄦 𑄧 𑄨 𑄩 𑄪 𑄫 𑄬 𑄭 𑄮 𑄯 𑄰 𑄱 𑄲 |
| Mahajani [220] | 𑅐 𑅑 𑅒 𑅓 𑅔 𑅕 𑅖 𑅗 𑅘 𑅙 𑅚 𑅛 𑅜 𑅝 𑅞 𑅟 𑅠 𑅡 𑅢 𑅣 𑅤 𑅥 𑅦 𑅧 𑅨 𑅩 𑅪 𑅫 𑅬 𑅭 𑅮 𑅯 𑅰 𑅱 𑅲 𑅳 𑅴 𑅵 𑅶 |
| Sharada [221] | 𑆀 𑆁 𑆂 𑆃 𑆄 𑆅 𑆆 𑆇 𑆈 𑆉 𑆊 𑆋 𑆌 𑆍 𑆎 𑆏 𑆐 𑆑 𑆒 𑆓 𑆔 𑆕 𑆖 𑆗 𑆘 𑆙 𑆚 𑆛 𑆜 𑆝 𑆞 𑆟 𑆠 𑆡 𑆢 𑆣 𑆤 𑆥 𑆦 𑆧 𑆨 𑆩 𑆪 𑆫 𑆬 𑆭 𑆮 𑆯 𑆰 𑆱 𑆲 |
| Sinhala Archaic Numbers [222] | 𑇡 𑇢 𑇣 𑇤 𑇥 𑇦 𑇧 𑇨 𑇩 𑇪 𑇫 𑇬 𑇭 𑇮 𑇯 𑇰 𑇱 𑇲 𑇳 𑇴 |
| Khojki [223] | 𑈀 𑈁 𑈂 𑈃 𑈄 𑈅 𑈆 𑈇 𑈈 𑈉 𑈊 𑈋 𑈌 𑈍 𑈎 𑈏 𑈐 𑈑 𑈓 𑈔 𑈕 𑈖 𑈗 𑈘 𑈙 𑈚 𑈛 𑈜 𑈝 𑈞 𑈟 𑈠 𑈡 𑈢 𑈣 𑈤 𑈥 𑈦 𑈧 𑈨 𑈩 𑈪 𑈫 |
| Multani [224] | 𑊀 𑊁 𑊂 𑊃 𑊄 𑊅 𑊆 𑊈 𑊊 𑊋 𑊌 𑊍 𑊏 𑊐 𑊑 𑊒 𑊓 𑊔 𑊕 𑊖 𑊗 𑊘 𑊙 𑊚 𑊛 𑊜 𑊝 𑊟 𑊠 𑊡 𑊢 𑊣 𑊤 𑊥 𑊦 𑊧 𑊨 𑊩 |
| Khudawadi [225] | 𑊰 𑊱 𑊲 𑊳 𑊴 𑊵 𑊶 𑊷 𑊸 𑊹 𑊺 𑊻 𑊼 𑊽 𑊾 𑊿 𑋀 𑋁 𑋂 𑋃 𑋄 𑋅 𑋆 𑋇 𑋈 𑋉 𑋊 𑋋 𑋌 𑋍 𑋎 𑋏 𑋐 𑋑 𑋒 𑋓 𑋔 𑋕 𑋖 𑋗 𑋘 𑋙 𑋚 𑋛 𑋜 𑋝 𑋞 |
| Grantha [226] | 𑌀 𑌁 𑌂 𑌃 𑌅 𑌆 𑌇 𑌈 𑌉 𑌊 𑌋 𑌌 𑌏 𑌐 𑌓 𑌔 𑌕 𑌖 𑌗 𑌘 𑌙 𑌚 𑌛 𑌜 𑌝 𑌞 𑌟 𑌠 𑌡 𑌢 𑌣 𑌤 𑌥 𑌦 𑌧 𑌨 𑌪 𑌫 𑌬 𑌭 𑌮 𑌯 𑌰 𑌲 𑌳 𑌵 𑌶 𑌷 𑌸 𑌹 |
| Newa [227] | 𑐀 𑐁 𑐂 𑐃 𑐄 𑐅 𑐆 𑐇 𑐈 𑐉 𑐊 𑐋 𑐌 𑐍 𑐎 𑐏 𑐐 𑐑 𑐒 𑐓 𑐔 𑐕 𑐖 𑐗 𑐘 𑐙 𑐚 𑐛 𑐜 𑐝 𑐞 𑐟 𑐠 𑐡 𑐢 𑐣 𑐤 𑐥 𑐦 𑐧 𑐨 𑐩 𑐪 𑐫 𑐬 𑐭 𑐮 𑐯 𑐰 𑐱 𑐲 𑐳 𑐴 |
| Tirhuta [228] | 𑒀 𑒁 𑒂 𑒃 𑒄 𑒅 𑒆 𑒇 𑒈 𑒉 𑒊 𑒋 𑒌 𑒍 𑒎 𑒏 𑒐 𑒑 𑒒 𑒓 𑒔 𑒕 𑒖 𑒗 𑒘 𑒙 𑒚 𑒛 𑒜 𑒝 𑒞 𑒟 𑒠 𑒡 𑒢 𑒣 𑒤 𑒥 𑒦 𑒧 𑒨 𑒩 𑒪 𑒫 𑒬 𑒭 𑒮 𑒯 |
| Siddham [229] | 𑖀 𑖁 𑖂 𑖃 𑖄 𑖅 𑖆 𑖇 𑖈 𑖉 𑖊 𑖋 𑖌 𑖍 𑖎 𑖏 𑖐 𑖑 𑖒 𑖓 𑖔 𑖕 𑖖 𑖗 𑖘 𑖙 𑖚 𑖛 𑖜 𑖝 𑖞 𑖟 𑖠 𑖡 𑖢 𑖣 𑖤 𑖥 𑖦 𑖧 𑖨 𑖩 𑖪 𑖫 𑖬 𑖭 𑖮 |
| Modi [230] | 𑘀 𑘁 𑘂 𑘃 𑘄 𑘅 𑘆 𑘇 𑘈 𑘉 𑘊 𑘋 𑘌 𑘍 𑘎 𑘏 𑘐 𑘑 𑘒 𑘓 𑘔 𑘕 𑘖 𑘗 𑘘 𑘙 𑘚 𑘛 𑘜 𑘝 𑘞 𑘟 𑘠 𑘡 𑘢 𑘣 𑘤 𑘥 𑘦 𑘧 𑘨 𑘩 𑘪 𑘫 𑘬 𑘭 𑘮 𑘯 |
| Mongolian Supplement [231] | 𑙠 𑙡 𑙢 𑙣 𑙤 𑙥 𑙦 𑙧 𑙨 𑙩 𑙪 𑙫 𑙬 (13 / 0 / U+11660–U+1166C) |
| Takri [232] | 𑚀 𑚁 𑚂 𑚃 𑚄 𑚅 𑚆 𑚇 𑚈 𑚉 𑚊 𑚋 𑚌 𑚍 𑚎 𑚏 𑚐 𑚑 𑚒 𑚓 𑚔 𑚕 𑚖 𑚗 𑚘 𑚙 𑚚 𑚛 𑚜 𑚝 𑚞 𑚟 𑚠 𑚡 𑚢 𑚣 𑚤 𑚥 𑚦 𑚧 𑚨 𑚩 𑚪 |
| Ahom [233] | 𑜀 𑜁 𑜂 𑜃 𑜄 𑜅 𑜆 𑜇 𑜈 𑜉 𑜊 𑜋 𑜌 𑜍 𑜎 𑜏 𑜐 𑜑 𑜒 𑜓 𑜔 𑜕 𑜖 𑜗 𑜘 𑜙 𑜚 𑜝 𑜞 𑜟 𑜠 𑜡 𑜢 𑜣 𑜤 𑜥 𑜦 𑜧 𑜨 𑜩 𑜪 𑜫 |
| Dogra [234] | 𑠀 𑠁 𑠂 𑠃 𑠄 𑠅 𑠆 𑠇 𑠈 𑠉 𑠊 𑠋 𑠌 𑠍 𑠎 𑠏 𑠐 𑠑 𑠒 𑠓 𑠔 𑠕 𑠖 𑠗 𑠘 𑠙 𑠚 𑠛 𑠜 𑠝 𑠞 𑠟 𑠠 𑠡 𑠢 𑠣 𑠤 𑠥 𑠦 𑠧 𑠨 𑠩 𑠪 𑠫 |
| Warang Citi [235] | 𑢠 𑢡 𑢢 𑢣 𑢤 𑢥 𑢦 𑢧 𑢨 𑢩 𑢪 𑢫 𑢬 𑢭 𑢮 𑢯 𑢰 𑢱 𑢲 𑢳 𑢴 𑢵 𑢶 𑢷 𑢸 𑢹 𑢺 𑢻 𑢼 𑢽 𑢾 𑢿 |
| Dives Akuru [236] | 𑤀 𑤁 𑤂 𑤃 𑤄 𑤅 𑤆 𑤉 𑤌 𑤍 𑤎 𑤏 𑤐 𑤑 𑤒 𑤓 𑤕 𑤖 𑤘 𑤙 𑤚 𑤛 𑤜 𑤝 𑤞 𑤟 𑤠 𑤡 𑤢 𑤣 𑤤 𑤥 𑤦 𑤧 𑤨 𑤩 𑤪 𑤫 𑤬 𑤭 𑤮 𑤯 |
| Nandinagari [237] | 𑦠 𑦡 𑦢 𑦣 𑦤 𑦥 𑦦 𑦧 𑦪 𑦫 𑦬 𑦭 𑦮 𑦯 𑦰 𑦱 𑦲 𑦳 𑦴 𑦵 𑦶 𑦷 𑦸 𑦹 𑦺 𑦻 𑦼 𑦽 𑦾 𑦿 𑧀 𑧁 𑧂 𑧃 𑧄 𑧅 𑧆 𑧇 𑧈 𑧉 𑧊 𑧋 𑧌 𑧍 𑧎 𑧏 𑧐 |
| Zanabazar Square [238] | 𑨀 𑨁 𑨂 𑨃 𑨄 𑨅 𑨆 𑨇 𑨈 𑨉 𑨊 𑨋 𑨌 𑨍 𑨎 𑨏 𑨐 𑨑 𑨒 𑨓 𑨔 𑨕 𑨖 𑨗 𑨘 𑨙 𑨚 𑨛 𑨜 𑨝 𑨞 𑨟 𑨠 𑨡 𑨢 𑨣 𑨤 𑨥 𑨦 𑨧 𑨨 𑨩 𑨪 𑨫 𑨬 𑨭 𑨮 𑨯 𑨰 𑨱 𑨲 |
| Soyombo [239] | 𑩐 𑩑 𑩒 𑩓 𑩔 𑩕 𑩖 𑩗 𑩘 𑩙 𑩚 𑩛 𑩜 𑩝 𑩞 𑩟 𑩠 𑩡 𑩢 𑩣 𑩤 𑩥 𑩦 𑩧 𑩨 𑩩 𑩪 𑩫 𑩬 𑩭 𑩮 𑩯 𑩰 𑩱 𑩲 𑩳 𑩴 𑩵 𑩶 𑩷 𑩸 𑩹 𑩺 𑩻 𑩼 𑩽 𑩾 𑩿 𑪀 𑪁 𑪂 𑪃 |
| Unified Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics Extended-A [240] | 𑪰 𑪱 𑪲 𑪳 𑪴 𑪵 𑪶 𑪷 𑪸 𑪹 𑪺 𑪻 𑪼 𑪽 𑪾 𑪿 |
| Pau Cin Hau [241] | 𑫀 𑫁 𑫂 𑫃 𑫄 𑫅 𑫆 𑫇 𑫈 𑫉 𑫊 𑫋 𑫌 𑫍 𑫎 𑫏 𑫐 𑫑 𑫒 𑫓 𑫔 𑫕 𑫖 𑫗 𑫘 𑫙 𑫚 𑫛 𑫜 𑫝 𑫞 𑫟 𑫠 𑫡 𑫢 𑫣 𑫤 |
| Devanagari Extended-A [242] | 𑬀 𑬁 𑬂 𑬃 𑬄 𑬅 𑬆 𑬇 𑬈 𑬉 (10 / 0 / U+11B00–U+11B09) |
| Bhaiksuki [243] | 𑰀 𑰁 𑰂 𑰃 𑰄 𑰅 𑰆 𑰇 𑰈 𑰊 𑰋 𑰌 𑰍 𑰎 𑰏 𑰐 𑰑 𑰒 𑰓 𑰔 𑰕 𑰖 𑰗 𑰘 𑰙 𑰚 𑰛 𑰜 𑰝 𑰞 𑰟 𑰠 𑰡 𑰢 𑰣 𑰤 𑰥 𑰦 𑰧 𑰨 𑰩 𑰪 𑰫 𑰬 𑰭 𑰮 |
| Marchen [244] | 𑱰 𑱱 𑱲 𑱳 𑱴 𑱵 𑱶 𑱷 𑱸 𑱹 𑱺 𑱻 𑱼 𑱽 𑱾 𑱿 𑲀 𑲁 𑲂 𑲃 𑲄 𑲅 𑲆 𑲇 𑲈 𑲉 𑲊 𑲋 𑲌 𑲍 𑲎 𑲏 𑲒 𑲓 𑲔 𑲕 𑲖 𑲗 𑲘 𑲙 𑲚 𑲛 𑲜 𑲝 𑲞 𑲟 𑲠 𑲡 𑲢 𑲣 𑲤 𑲥 𑲦 𑲧 𑲩 𑲪 𑲫 𑲬 𑲭 𑲮 𑲯 |
| Masaram Gondi [245] | 𑴀 𑴁 𑴂 𑴃 𑴄 𑴅 𑴆 𑴈 𑴉 𑴋 𑴌 𑴍 𑴎 𑴏 𑴐 𑴑 𑴒 𑴓 𑴔 𑴕 𑴖 𑴗 𑴘 𑴙 𑴚 𑴛 𑴜 𑴝 𑴞 𑴟 𑴠 𑴡 𑴢 𑴣 𑴤 𑴥 𑴦 𑴧 𑴨 𑴩 𑴪 𑴫 𑴬 𑴭 |
| Gunjala Gondi [246] | 𑵠 𑵡 𑵢 𑵣 𑵤 𑵥 𑵧 𑵨 𑵪 𑵫 𑵬 𑵭 𑵮 𑵯 𑵰 𑵱 𑵲 𑵳 𑵴 𑵵 𑵶 𑵷 𑵸 𑵹 𑵺 𑵻 𑵼 𑵽 𑵾 𑵿 𑶀 𑶁 𑶂 𑶃 𑶄 𑶅 𑶆 𑶇 𑶈 𑶉 |
| Makasar [247] | 𑻠 𑻡 𑻢 𑻣 𑻤 𑻥 𑻦 𑻧 𑻨 𑻩 𑻪 𑻫 𑻬 𑻭 𑻮 𑻯 𑻰 𑻱 𑻲 𑻳 𑻴 𑻵 𑻶 𑻷 𑻸 |
| Kawi [248] | 𑼀 𑼁 𑼂 𑼃 𑼄 𑼅 𑼆 𑼇 𑼈 𑼉 𑼊 𑼋 𑼌 𑼍 𑼎 𑼏 𑼐 𑼒 𑼓 𑼔 𑼕 𑼖 𑼗 𑼘 𑼙 𑼚 𑼛 𑼜 𑼝 𑼞 𑼟 𑼠 𑼡 𑼢 𑼣 𑼤 𑼥 𑼦 𑼧 𑼨 𑼩 𑼪 𑼫 𑼬 𑼭 𑼮 𑼯 𑼰 𑼱 𑼲 𑼳 |
| Lisu Supplement [249] | 𑾰 (1 / 0 / U+11FB0–U+11FB0) |
| Tamil Supplement [250] | 𑿀 𑿁 𑿂 𑿃 𑿄 𑿅 𑿆 𑿇 𑿈 𑿉 𑿊 𑿋 𑿌 𑿍 𑿎 𑿏 𑿐 𑿑 𑿒 𑿓 𑿔 𑿕 𑿖 𑿗 𑿘 𑿙 𑿚 𑿛 𑿜 𑿝 𑿞 𑿟 𑿠 |
| Cuneiform [251] | 𒀀 𒀁 𒀂 𒀃 𒀄 𒀅 𒀆 𒀇 𒀈 𒀉 𒀊 𒀋 𒀌 𒀍 𒀎 𒀏 𒀐 𒀑 𒀒 𒀓 𒀔 𒀕 𒀖 𒀗 𒀘 𒀙 𒀚 𒀛 𒀜 𒀝 𒀞 𒀟 𒀠 𒀡 𒀢 𒀣 𒀤 𒀥 𒀦 𒀧 𒀨 𒀩 𒀪 𒀫 𒀬 𒀭 𒀮 𒀯 𒀰 𒀱 𒀲 𒀳 𒀴 𒀵 𒀶 𒀷 𒀸 𒀹 𒀺 𒀻 𒀼 𒀽 𒀾 𒀿 𒁀 𒁁 𒁂 𒁃 𒁄 𒁅 𒁆 𒁇 𒁈 𒁉 𒁊 𒁋 𒁌 𒁍 𒁎 𒁏 𒁐 𒁑 𒁒 𒁓 𒁔 𒁕 𒁖 𒁗 𒁘 𒁙 𒁚 𒁛 𒁜 𒁝 𒁞 𒁟 𒁠 𒁡 𒁢 𒁣 𒁤 𒁥 𒁦 𒁧 𒁨 𒁩 𒁪 𒁫 𒁬 𒁭 𒁮 𒁯 𒁰 𒁱 𒁲 𒁳 𒁴 𒁵 𒁶 𒁷 𒁸 𒁹 𒁺 𒁻 𒁼 𒁽 𒁾 𒁿 𒂀 𒂁 𒂂 𒂃 𒂄 𒂅 𒂆 𒂇 𒂈 𒂉 𒂊 𒂋 𒂌 𒂍 𒂎 𒂏 𒂐 𒂑 𒂒 𒂓 𒂔 𒂕 𒂖 𒂗 𒂘 𒂙 𒂚 𒂛 𒂜 𒂝 𒂞 𒂟 𒂠 𒂡 𒂢 𒂣 𒂤 𒂥 𒂦 𒂧 𒂨 𒂩 𒂪 𒂫 𒂬 𒂭 𒂮 𒂯 𒂰 𒂱 𒂲 𒂳 𒂴 𒂵 𒂶 𒂷 𒂸 𒂹 𒂺 𒂻 𒂼 𒂽 𒂾 𒂿 𒃀 𒃁 𒃂 𒃃 𒃄 𒃅 𒃆 𒃇 𒃈 𒃉 𒃊 𒃋 𒃌 𒃍 𒃎 𒃏 𒃐 𒃑 𒃒 𒃓 𒃔 𒃕 𒃖 𒃗 𒃘 𒃙 𒃚 𒃛 𒃜 𒃝 𒃞 𒃟 𒃠 𒃡 𒃢 𒃣 𒃤 𒃥 𒃦 𒃧 𒃨 𒃩 𒃪 𒃫 𒃬 𒃭 𒃮 𒃯 𒃰 𒃱 𒃲 𒃳 𒃴 𒃵 𒃶 𒃷 𒃸 𒃹 𒃺 𒃻 𒃼 𒃽 𒃾 𒃿 𒄀 𒄁 𒄂 𒄃 𒄄 𒄅 𒄆 𒄇 𒄈 𒄉 𒄊 𒄋 𒄌 𒄍 𒄎 𒄏 𒄐 𒄑 𒄒 𒄓 𒄔 𒄕 𒄖 𒄗 𒄘 𒄙 𒄚 𒄛 𒄜 𒄝 𒄞 𒄟 𒄠 𒄡 𒄢 𒄣 𒄤 𒄥 𒄦 𒄧 𒄨 𒄩 𒄪 𒄫 𒄬 𒄭 𒄮 𒄯 𒄰 𒄱 𒄲 𒄳 𒄴 𒄵 𒄶 𒄷 𒄸 𒄹 𒄺 𒄻 𒄼 𒄽 𒄾 𒄿 𒅀 𒅁 𒅂 𒅃 𒅄 𒅅 𒅆 𒅇 𒅈 𒅉 𒅊 𒅋 𒅌 𒅍 𒅎 𒅏 𒅐 𒅑 𒅒 𒅓 𒅔 𒅕 𒅖 𒅗 𒅘 𒅙 𒅚 𒅛 𒅜 𒅝 𒅞 𒅟 𒅠 𒅡 𒅢 𒅣 𒅤 𒅥 𒅦 𒅧 𒅨 𒅩 𒅪 𒅫 𒅬 𒅭 𒅮 𒅯 𒅰 𒅱 𒅲 𒅳 𒅴 𒅵 𒅶 𒅷 𒅸 𒅹 𒅺 𒅻 𒅼 𒅽 𒅾 𒅿 𒆀 𒆁 𒆂 𒆃 𒆄 𒆅 𒆆 𒆇 𒆈 𒆉 𒆊 𒆋 𒆌 𒆍 𒆎 𒆏 𒆐 𒆑 𒆒 𒆓 𒆔 𒆕 𒆖 𒆗 𒆘 𒆙 𒆚 𒆛 𒆜 𒆝 𒆞 𒆟 𒆠 𒆡 𒆢 𒆣 𒆤 𒆥 𒆦 𒆧 𒆨 𒆩 𒆪 𒆫 𒆬 𒆭 𒆮 𒆯 𒆰 𒆱 𒆲 𒆳 𒆴 𒆵 𒆶 𒆷 𒆸 𒆹 𒆺 𒆻 𒆼 𒆽 𒆾 𒆿 𒇀 𒇁 𒇂 𒇃 𒇄 𒇅 𒇆 𒇇 𒇈 𒇉 𒇊 𒇋 𒇌 𒇍 𒇎 𒇏 𒇐 𒇑 𒇒 𒇓 𒇔 𒇕 𒇖 𒇗 𒇘 𒇙 𒇚 𒇛 𒇜 𒇝 𒇞 𒇟 𒇠 𒇡 𒇢 𒇣 𒇤 𒇥 𒇦 𒇧 𒇨 𒇩 𒇪 𒇫 𒇬 𒇭 𒇮 𒇯 𒇰 𒇱 𒇲 𒇳 𒇴 𒇵 𒇶 𒇷 𒇸 𒇹 𒇺 𒇻 𒇼 𒇽 𒇾 𒇿 𒈀 𒈁 𒈂 𒈃 𒈄 𒈅 𒈆 𒈇 𒈈 𒈉 𒈊 𒈋 𒈌 𒈍 𒈎 𒈏 𒈐 𒈑 𒈒 𒈓 𒈔 𒈕 𒈖 𒈗 𒈘 𒈙 𒈚 𒈛 𒈜 𒈝 𒈞 𒈟 𒈠 𒈡 𒈢 𒈣 𒈤 𒈥 𒈦 𒈧 𒈨 𒈩 𒈪 𒈫 𒈬 𒈭 𒈮 𒈯 𒈰 𒈱 𒈲 𒈳 𒈴 𒈵 𒈶 𒈷 𒈸 𒈹 𒈺 𒈻 𒈼 𒈽 𒈾 𒈿 𒉀 𒉁 𒉂 𒉃 𒉄 𒉅 𒉆 𒉇 𒉈 𒉉 𒉊 𒉋 𒉌 𒉍 𒉎 𒉏 𒉐 𒉑 𒉒 𒉓 𒉔 𒉕 𒉖 𒉗 𒉘 𒉙 𒉚 𒉛 𒉜 𒉝 𒉞 𒉟 𒉠 𒉡 𒉢 𒉣 𒉤 𒉥 𒉦 𒉧 𒉨 𒉩 𒉪 𒉫 𒉬 𒉭 𒉮 𒉯 𒉰 𒉱 𒉲 𒉳 𒉴 𒉵 𒉶 𒉷 𒉸 𒉹 𒉺 𒉻 𒉼 𒉽 𒉾 𒉿 𒊀 𒊁 𒊂 𒊃 𒊄 𒊅 𒊆 𒊇 𒊈 𒊉 𒊊 𒊋 𒊌 𒊍 𒊎 𒊏 𒊐 𒊑 𒊒 𒊓 𒊔 𒊕 𒊖 𒊗 𒊘 𒊙 𒊚 𒊛 𒊜 𒊝 𒊞 𒊟 𒊠 𒊡 𒊢 𒊣 𒊤 𒊥 𒊦 𒊧 𒊨 𒊩 𒊪 𒊫 𒊬 𒊭 𒊮 𒊯 𒊰 𒊱 𒊲 𒊳 𒊴 𒊵 𒊶 𒊷 𒊸 𒊹 𒊺 𒊻 𒊼 𒊽 𒊾 𒊿 𒋀 𒋁 𒋂 𒋃 𒋄 𒋅 𒋆 𒋇 𒋈 𒋉 𒋊 𒋋 𒋌 𒋍 𒋎 𒋏 𒋐 𒋑 𒋒 𒋓 𒋔 𒋕 𒋖 𒋗 𒋘 𒋙 𒋚 𒋛 𒋜 𒋝 𒋞 𒋟 𒋠 𒋡 𒋢 𒋣 𒋤 𒋥 𒋦 𒋧 𒋨 𒋩 𒋪 𒋫 𒋬 𒋭 𒋮 𒋯 𒋰 𒋱 𒋲 𒋳 𒋴 𒋵 𒋶 𒋷 𒋸 𒋹 𒋺 𒋻 𒋼 𒋽 𒋾 𒋿 𒌀 𒌁 𒌂 𒌃 𒌄 𒌅 𒌆 𒌇 𒌈 𒌉 𒌊 𒌋 𒌌 𒌍 𒌎 𒌏 𒌐 𒌑 𒌒 𒌓 𒌔 𒌕 𒌖 𒌗 𒌘 𒌙 𒌚 𒌛 𒌜 𒌝 𒌞 𒌟 𒌠 𒌡 𒌢 𒌣 𒌤 𒌥 𒌦 𒌧 𒌨 𒌩 𒌪 𒌫 𒌬 𒌭 𒌮 𒌯 𒌰 𒌱 𒌲 𒌳 𒌴 𒌵 𒌶 𒌷 𒌸 𒌹 𒌺 𒌻 𒌼 𒌽 𒌾 𒌿 𒍀 𒍁 𒍂 𒍃 𒍄 𒍅 𒍆 𒍇 𒍈 𒍉 𒍊 𒍋 𒍌 𒍍 𒍎 𒍏 𒍐 𒍑 𒍒 𒍓 𒍔 𒍕 𒍖 𒍗 𒍘 𒍙 𒍚 𒍛 𒍜 𒍝 𒍞 𒍟 𒍠 𒍡 𒍢 𒍣 𒍤 𒍥 𒍦 𒍧 𒍨 𒍩 𒍪 𒍫 𒍬 𒍭 𒍮 𒍯 𒍰 𒍱 𒍲 𒍳 𒍴 𒍵 𒍶 𒍷 𒍸 𒍹 𒍺 𒍻 𒍼 𒍽 𒍾 𒍿 𒎀 𒎁 𒎂 𒎃 𒎄 𒎅 𒎆 𒎇 𒎈 𒎉 𒎊 𒎋 𒎌 𒎍 𒎎 𒎏 𒎐 𒎑 𒎒 𒎓 𒎔 𒎕 𒎖 𒎗 𒎘 𒎙 |
| Cuneiform Numbers and Punctuation [252] | 𒐀 𒐁 𒐂 𒐃 𒐄 𒐅 𒐆 𒐇 𒐈 𒐉 𒐊 𒐋 𒐌 𒐍 𒐎 𒐏 𒐐 𒐑 𒐒 𒐓 𒐔 𒐕 𒐖 𒐗 𒐘 𒐙 𒐚 𒐛 𒐜 𒐝 𒐞 𒐟 𒐠 𒐡 𒐢 𒐣 𒐤 𒐥 𒐦 𒐧 𒐨 𒐩 𒐪 𒐫 𒐬 𒐭 𒐮 𒐯 𒐰 𒐱 𒐲 𒐳 𒐴 𒐵 𒐶 𒐷 𒐸 𒐹 𒐺 𒐻 𒐼 𒐽 𒐾 𒐿 𒑀 𒑁 𒑂 𒑃 𒑄 𒑅 𒑆 𒑇 𒑈 𒑉 𒑊 𒑋 𒑌 𒑍 𒑎 𒑏 𒑐 𒑑 𒑒 𒑓 𒑔 𒑕 𒑖 𒑗 𒑘 𒑙 𒑚 𒑛 𒑜 𒑝 𒑞 𒑟 𒑠 𒑡 𒑢 𒑣 𒑤 |
| Early Dynastic Cuneiform [253] | 𒒀 𒒁 𒒂 𒒃 𒒄 𒒅 𒒆 𒒇 𒒈 𒒉 𒒊 𒒋 𒒌 𒒍 𒒎 𒒏 𒒐 𒒑 𒒒 𒒓 𒒔 𒒕 𒒖 𒒗 𒒘 𒒙 𒒚 𒒛 𒒜 𒒝 𒒞 𒒟 𒒠 𒒡 𒒢 𒒣 𒒤 𒒥 𒒦 𒒧 𒒨 𒒩 𒒪 𒒫 𒒬 𒒭 𒒮 𒒯 𒒰 𒒱 𒒲 𒒳 𒒴 𒒵 𒒶 𒒷 𒒸 𒒹 𒒺 𒒻 𒒼 𒒽 𒒾 𒒿 𒓀 𒓁 𒓂 𒓃 𒓄 𒓅 𒓆 𒓇 𒓈 𒓉 𒓊 𒓋 𒓌 𒓍 𒓎 𒓏 𒓐 𒓑 𒓒 𒓓 𒓔 𒓕 𒓖 𒓗 𒓘 𒓙 𒓚 𒓛 𒓜 𒓝 𒓞 𒓟 𒓠 𒓡 𒓢 𒓣 𒓤 𒓥 𒓦 𒓧 𒓨 𒓩 𒓪 𒓫 𒓬 𒓭 𒓮 𒓯 𒓰 𒓱 𒓲 𒓳 𒓴 𒓵 𒓶 𒓷 𒓸 𒓹 𒓺 𒓻 𒓼 𒓽 𒓾 𒓿 𒔀 𒔁 𒔂 𒔃 𒔄 𒔅 𒔆 𒔇 𒔈 𒔉 𒔊 𒔋 𒔌 𒔍 𒔎 𒔏 𒔐 𒔑 𒔒 𒔓 𒔔 𒔕 𒔖 𒔗 𒔘 𒔙 𒔚 𒔛 𒔜 𒔝 𒔞 𒔟 𒔠 𒔡 𒔢 𒔣 𒔤 𒔥 𒔦 𒔧 𒔨 𒔩 𒔪 𒔫 𒔬 𒔭 𒔮 𒔯 𒔰 𒔱 𒔲 𒔳 𒔴 𒔵 𒔶 𒔷 𒔸 𒔹 𒔺 𒔻 𒔼 𒔽 𒔾 𒔿 𒕀 𒕁 𒕂 𒕃 (196 / 0 / U+12480–U+12543) |
| Cypro-Minoan [254] | 𒾐 𒾑 𒾒 𒾓 𒾔 𒾕 𒾖 𒾗 𒾘 𒾙 𒾚 𒾛 𒾜 𒾝 𒾞 𒾟 𒾠 𒾡 𒾢 𒾣 𒾤 𒾥 𒾦 𒾧 𒾨 𒾩 𒾪 𒾫 𒾬 𒾭 𒾮 𒾯 𒾰 𒾱 𒾲 𒾳 𒾴 𒾵 𒾶 𒾷 𒾸 𒾹 𒾺 𒾻 𒾼 𒾽 𒾾 𒾿 𒿀 𒿁 𒿂 𒿃 𒿄 𒿅 𒿆 𒿇 𒿈 𒿉 𒿊 𒿋 𒿌 𒿍 𒿎 𒿏 𒿐 𒿑 𒿒 𒿓 𒿔 𒿕 𒿖 𒿗 𒿘 𒿙 𒿚 𒿛 𒿜 𒿝 𒿞 𒿟 𒿠 𒿡 𒿢 𒿣 𒿤 𒿥 𒿦 𒿧 𒿨 𒿩 𒿪 𒿫 𒿬 𒿭 𒿮 𒿯 𒿰 𒿱 𒿲 |
| Egyptian Hieroglyphs [255] | 𓀀 𓀁 𓀂 𓀃 𓀄 𓀅 𓀆 𓀇 𓀈 𓀉 𓀊 𓀋 𓀌 𓀍 𓀎 𓀏 𓀐 𓀑 𓀒 𓀓 𓀔 𓀕 𓀖 𓀗 𓀘 𓀙 𓀚 𓀛 𓀜 𓀝 𓀞 𓀟 𓀠 𓀡 𓀢 𓀣 𓀤 𓀥 𓀦 𓀧 𓀨 𓀩 𓀪 𓀫 𓀬 𓀭 𓀮 𓀯 𓀰 𓀱 𓀲 𓀳 𓀴 𓀵 𓀶 𓀷 𓀸 𓀹 𓀺 𓀻 𓀼 𓀽 𓀾 𓀿 𓁀 𓁁 𓁂 𓁃 𓁄 𓁅 𓁆 𓁇 𓁈 𓁉 𓁊 𓁋 𓁌 𓁍 𓁎 𓁏 𓁐 𓁑 𓁒 𓁓 𓁔 𓁕 𓁖 𓁗 𓁘 𓁙 |
| Egyptian Hieroglyph Format Controls [256] | 𓑀 𓑁 𓑂 𓑃 𓑄 𓑅 𓑆 |
| Anatolian Hieroglyphs [257] | 𔐀 𔐁 𔐂 𔐃 𔐄 𔐅 𔐆 𔐇 𔐈 𔐉 𔐊 𔐋 𔐌 𔐍 𔐎 𔐏 𔐐 𔐑 𔐒 𔐓 𔐔 𔐕 𔐖 𔐗 𔐘 𔐙 𔐚 𔐛 𔐜 𔐝 𔐞 𔐟 𔐠 𔐡 𔐢 𔐣 𔐤 𔐥 𔐦 𔐧 𔐨 𔐩 𔐪 𔐫 𔐬 𔐭 𔐮 𔐯 𔐰 𔐱 𔐲 𔐳 𔐴 𔐵 𔐶 𔐷 𔐸 𔐹 𔐺 𔐻 𔐼 𔐽 𔐾 𔐿 𔑀 𔑁 𔑂 𔑃 𔑄 𔑅 𔑆 𔑇 𔑈 𔑉 𔑊 𔑋 𔑌 𔑍 𔑎 𔑏 𔑐 𔑑 𔑒 𔑓 𔑔 𔑕 𔑖 𔑗 𔑘 𔑙 𔑚 𔑛 𔑜 𔑝 𔑞 𔑟 𔑠 𔑡 𔑢 𔑣 𔑤 𔑥 𔑦 𔑧 𔑨 𔑩 𔑪 𔑫 𔑬 𔑭 𔑮 𔑯 𔑰 𔑱 𔑲 𔑳 𔑴 𔑵 𔑶 𔑷 𔑸 𔑹 𔑺 𔑻 𔑼 𔑽 𔑾 𔑿 𔒀 𔒁 𔒂 𔒃 𔒄 𔒅 𔒆 𔒇 𔒈 𔒉 𔒊 𔒋 𔒌 𔒍 𔒎 𔒏 𔒐 𔒑 𔒒 𔒓 𔒔 𔒕 𔒖 𔒗 𔒘 𔒙 𔒚 𔒛 𔒜 𔒝 𔒞 𔒟 𔒠 𔒡 𔒢 𔒣 𔒤 𔒥 𔒦 𔒧 𔒨 𔒩 𔒪 𔒫 𔒬 𔒭 𔒮 𔒯 |
| Bamum Supplement [258] | 𖠀 𖠁 𖠂 𖠃 𖠄 𖠅 𖠆 𖠇 𖠈 𖠉 𖠊 𖠋 𖠌 𖠍 𖠎 𖠏 𖠐 𖠑 𖠒 𖠓 𖠔 𖠕 𖠖 𖠗 𖠘 𖠙 𖠚 𖠛 𖠜 𖠝 𖠞 𖠟 𖠠 𖠡 𖠢 𖠣 𖠤 𖠥 𖠦 𖠧 𖠨 𖠩 𖠪 𖠫 𖠬 𖠭 𖠮 𖠯 𖠰 𖠱 𖠲 𖠳 𖠴 𖠵 𖠶 𖠷 𖠸 𖠹 𖠺 𖠻 𖠼 𖠽 𖠾 𖠿 𖡀 𖡁 𖡂 𖡃 𖡄 𖡅 𖡆 𖡇 𖡈 𖡉 𖡊 𖡋 𖡌 𖡍 𖡎 𖡏 𖡐 𖡑 𖡒 𖡓 𖡔 𖡕 𖡖 𖡗 𖡘 𖡙 𖡚 𖡛 𖡜 𖡝 𖡞 𖡟 𖡠 𖡡 𖡢 𖡣 𖡤 𖡥 𖡦 𖡧 𖡨 𖡩 𖡪 𖡫 𖡬 𖡭 𖡮 𖡯 𖡰 𖡱 𖡲 𖡳 𖡴 𖡵 𖡶 𖡷 𖡸 𖡹 𖡺 𖡻 𖡼 𖡽 𖡾 𖡿 𖢀 𖢁 𖢂 𖢃 𖢄 𖢅 𖢆 𖢇 𖢈 𖢉 𖢊 𖢋 𖢌 𖢍 𖢎 |
| Mro [259] | 𖩀 𖩁 𖩂 𖩃 𖩄 𖩅 𖩆 𖩇 𖩈 𖩉 𖩊 𖩋 𖩌 𖩍 𖩎 𖩏 𖩐 𖩑 𖩒 𖩓 𖩔 𖩕 𖩖 𖩗 𖩘 𖩙 𖩚 𖩛 𖩜 𖩝 𖩞 𖩠 𖩡 𖩢 𖩣 𖩤 𖩥 𖩦 𖩧 𖩨 𖩩 |
| Tangsa [260] | 𖩰 𖩱 𖩲 𖩳 𖩴 𖩵 𖩶 𖩷 𖩸 𖩹 𖩺 𖩻 𖩼 𖩽 𖩾 𖩿 𖪀 𖪁 𖪂 𖪃 𖪄 𖪅 𖪆 𖪇 𖪈 𖪉 𖪊 𖪋 𖪌 𖪍 𖪎 𖪏 𖪐 𖪑 𖪒 𖪓 𖪔 𖪕 𖪖 𖪗 𖪘 𖪙 𖪚 𖪛 𖪜 𖪝 𖪞 𖪟 𖪠 𖪡 𖪢 𖪣 𖪤 𖪥 𖪦 𖪧 𖪨 𖪩 𖪪 𖪫 𖪬 𖪭 𖪮 𖪯 𖪰 𖪱 𖪲 𖪳 𖪴 𖪵 𖪶 𖪷 𖪸 𖪹 𖪺 𖪻 𖪼 𖪽 𖪾 |
| Bassa Vah [261] | 𖫐 𖫑 𖫒 𖫓 𖫔 𖫕 𖫖 𖫗 𖫘 𖫙 𖫚 𖫛 𖫜 𖫝 𖫞 𖫟 𖫠 𖫡 𖫢 𖫣 𖫤 𖫥 𖫦 𖫧 𖫨 𖫩 𖫪 𖫫 𖫬 𖫭 𖫰 𖫱 𖫲 𖫳 𖫴 |
| Pahawh Hmong [262] | 𖬀 𖬁 𖬂 𖬃 𖬄 𖬅 𖬆 𖬇 𖬈 𖬉 𖬊 𖬋 𖬌 𖬍 𖬎 𖬏 𖬐 𖬑 𖬒 𖬓 𖬔 𖬕 𖬖 𖬗 𖬘 𖬙 𖬚 𖬛 𖬜 𖬝 𖬞 𖬟 𖬠 𖬡 𖬢 𖬣 𖬤 𖬥 𖬦 𖬧 𖬨 𖬩 𖬪 𖬫 𖬬 𖬭 𖬮 𖬯 |
| Medefaidrin [263] | 𖹀 𖹁 𖹂 𖹃 𖹄 𖹅 𖹆 𖹇 𖹈 𖹉 𖹊 𖹋 𖹌 𖹍 𖹎 𖹏 𖹐 𖹑 𖹒 𖹓 𖹔 𖹕 𖹖 𖹗 𖹘 𖹙 𖹚 𖹛 𖹜 𖹝 𖹞 𖹟 |
| Miao [264] | 𖼀 𖼁 𖼂 𖼃 𖼄 𖼅 𖼆 𖼇 𖼈 𖼉 𖼊 𖼋 𖼌 𖼍 𖼎 𖼏 𖼐 𖼑 𖼒 𖼓 𖼔 𖼕 𖼖 𖼗 𖼘 𖼙 𖼚 𖼛 𖼜 𖼝 𖼞 𖼟 𖼠 𖼡 𖼢 𖼣 𖼤 𖼥 𖼦 𖼧 𖼨 𖼩 𖼪 𖼫 𖼬 𖼭 𖼮 𖼯 𖼰 𖼱 𖼲 𖼳 𖼴 𖼵 𖼶 𖼷 𖼸 𖼹 𖼺 𖼻 𖼼 𖼽 𖼾 𖼿 𖽀 𖽁 𖽂 𖽃 𖽄 𖽅 𖽆 𖽇 𖽈 𖽉 𖽊 𖽏 𖽐 𖽑 𖽒 𖽓 𖽔 𖽕 𖽖 𖽗 𖽘 𖽙 𖽚 𖽛 𖽜 𖽝 𖽞 𖽟 𖽠 𖽡 𖽢 𖽣 𖽤 𖽥 𖽦 𖽧 𖽨 𖽩 𖽪 𖽫 𖽬 𖽭 𖽮 𖽯 𖽰 𖽱 𖽲 𖽳 𖽴 𖽵 𖽶 𖽷 𖽸 𖽹 𖽺 𖽻 𖽼 𖽽 𖽾 𖽿 𖾀 𖾁 𖾂 𖾃 𖾄 𖾅 𖾆 𖾇 |
| Ideographic Symbols and Punctuation [265] | 𖿠 𖿡 𖿢 𖿣 𖿤 𖿰 𖿱 (7 / 0 / U+16FE0–U+16FF1) |
| Tangut [266] | 𗀀 𘟷 (2 / 0 / U+17000–U+187F7) |
| Tangut Components [267] | 𘠀 𘠁 𘠂 𘠃 𘠄 𘠅 𘠆 𘠇 𘠈 𘠉 𘠊 𘠋 𘠌 𘠍 𘠎 𘠏 𘠐 𘠑 𘠒 𘠓 𘠔 𘠕 𘠖 𘠗 𘠘 𘠙 𘠚 𘠛 𘠜 𘠝 𘠞 𘠟 𘠠 𘠡 𘠢 𘠣 𘠤 𘠥 |
| Khitan Small Script [268] | 𘬀 𘬁 𘬂 𘬃 𘬄 𘬅 𘬆 𘬇 𘬈 𘬉 𘬊 𘬋 𘬌 𘬍 𘬎 𘬏 𘬐 𘬑 𘬒 𘬓 𘬔 𘬕 𘬖 𘬗 𘬘 𘬙 𘬚 𘬛 𘬜 𘬝 𘬞 𘬟 𘬠 𘬡 𘬢 𘬣 𘬤 𘬥 𘬦 𘬧 𘬨 𘬩 𘬪 𘬫 𘬬 𘬭 𘬮 𘬯 𘬰 𘬱 𘬲 𘬳 𘬴 𘬵 𘬶 𘬷 𘬸 𘬹 𘬺 𘬻 𘬼 𘬽 𘬾 𘬿 𘭀 𘭁 𘭂 𘭃 𘭄 𘭅 𘭆 𘭇 𘭈 𘭉 𘭊 𘭋 𘭌 𘭍 𘭎 𘭏 𘭐 𘭑 𘭒 𘭓 𘭔 𘭕 𘭖 𘭗 𘭘 𘭙 𘭚 𘭛 𘭜 𘭝 𘭞 𘭟 𘭠 𘭡 𘭢 𘭣 𘭤 𘭥 𘭦 𘭧 𘭨 𘭩 |
| Tangut Supplement [269] | 𘴀 𘴈 (2 / 0 / U+18D00–U+18D08) |
| Kana Extended-B [270] | 𚿰 𚿱 𚿲 𚿳 𚿵 𚿶 𚿷 𚿸 𚿹 𚿺 𚿻 𚿽 𚿾 (13 / 0 / U+1AFF0–U+1AFFE) |
| Kana Supplement [271] | 𛀀 𛀁 𛀂 𛀃 𛀄 𛀅 𛀆 𛀇 𛀈 𛀉 𛀊 𛀋 𛀌 𛀍 𛀎 𛀏 𛀐 𛀑 𛀒 𛀓 𛀔 𛀕 𛀖 𛀗 𛀘 𛀙 𛀚 𛀛 𛀜 𛀝 𛀞 𛀟 𛀠 𛀡 𛀢 𛀣 𛀤 𛀥 𛀦 𛀧 𛀨 𛀩 𛀪 𛀫 𛀬 𛀭 𛀮 𛀯 𛀰 𛀱 𛀲 𛀳 𛀴 𛀵 𛀶 𛀷 𛀸 𛀹 𛀺 𛀻 𛀼 𛀽 𛀾 𛀿 𛁀 𛁁 𛁂 𛁃 𛁄 𛁅 𛁆 𛁇 𛁈 𛁉 𛁊 𛁋 𛁌 𛁍 𛁎 𛁏 𛁐 𛁑 𛁒 𛁓 𛁔 𛁕 𛁖 𛁗 𛁘 𛁙 𛁚 𛁛 𛁜 𛁝 𛁞 𛁟 𛁠 𛁡 𛁢 𛁣 𛁤 𛁥 𛁦 𛁧 𛁨 𛁩 𛁪 𛁫 𛁬 𛁭 𛁮 𛁯 𛁰 𛁱 𛁲 𛁳 𛁴 𛁵 𛁶 𛁷 𛁸 𛁹 𛁺 𛁻 𛁼 𛁽 𛁾 𛁿 𛂀 𛂁 𛂂 𛂃 𛂄 𛂅 𛂆 𛂇 𛂈 𛂉 𛂊 𛂋 𛂌 𛂍 𛂎 𛂏 𛂐 𛂑 𛂒 𛂓 𛂔 𛂕 𛂖 𛂗 𛂘 𛂙 𛂚 𛂛 𛂜 𛂝 𛂞 𛂟 𛂠 𛂡 𛂢 𛂣 𛂤 𛂥 𛂦 𛂧 𛂨 𛂩 𛂪 𛂫 𛂬 𛂭 𛂮 𛂯 𛂰 𛂱 𛂲 𛂳 𛂴 𛂵 𛂶 𛂷 𛂸 𛂹 𛂺 𛂻 𛂼 𛂽 𛂾 𛂿 𛃀 𛃁 𛃂 𛃃 𛃄 𛃅 𛃆 𛃇 𛃈 𛃉 𛃊 𛃋 𛃌 𛃍 𛃎 𛃏 𛃐 𛃑 𛃒 𛃓 𛃔 𛃕 𛃖 𛃗 𛃘 𛃙 𛃚 𛃛 𛃜 𛃝 𛃞 𛃟 𛃠 𛃡 𛃢 𛃣 𛃤 𛃥 𛃦 𛃧 𛃨 𛃩 𛃪 𛃫 𛃬 𛃭 𛃮 𛃯 𛃰 𛃱 𛃲 𛃳 𛃴 𛃵 𛃶 𛃷 𛃸 𛃹 𛃺 𛃻 𛃼 𛃽 𛃾 𛃿 (256 / 0 / U+1B000–U+1B0FF) |
| Kana Extended-A [272] | 𛄀 𛄁 𛄂 𛄃 𛄄 𛄅 𛄆 𛄇 𛄈 𛄉 𛄊 𛄋 𛄌 𛄍 𛄎 𛄏 𛄐 𛄑 𛄒 𛄓 𛄔 𛄕 𛄖 𛄗 𛄘 𛄙 𛄚 𛄛 𛄜 𛄝 𛄞 𛄟 𛄠 𛄡 𛄢 |
| Small Kana Extension [273] | 𛄲 𛅐 𛅑 𛅒 𛅕 𛅤 𛅥 𛅦 𛅧 (9 / 0 / U+1B132–U+1B167) |
| Nushu [274] | 𛅰 𛅱 𛅲 𛅳 𛅴 𛅵 𛅶 𛅷 𛅸 𛅹 𛅺 𛅻 𛅼 𛅽 𛅾 𛅿 𛆀 𛆁 𛆂 𛆃 𛆄 𛆅 𛆆 𛆇 𛆈 𛆉 𛆊 |
| Duployan [275] | 𛰀 𛰁 𛰂 𛰃 𛰄 𛰅 𛰆 𛰇 𛰈 𛰉 𛰊 𛰋 𛰌 𛰍 𛰎 𛰏 𛰐 𛰑 𛰒 𛰓 𛰔 𛰕 𛰖 𛰗 𛰘 𛰙 𛰚 𛰛 𛰜 𛰝 𛰞 𛰟 𛰠 𛰡 𛰢 𛰣 𛰤 𛰥 𛰦 𛰧 𛰨 𛰩 𛰪 𛰫 𛰬 𛰭 𛰮 𛰯 𛰰 𛰱 |
| Shorthand Format Controls [276] | (4 / 0 / U+1BCA0–U+1BCA3) |
| Znamenny Musical Notation [277] | 𜼀 𜼁 𜼂 𜼃 𜼄 𜼅 𜼆 𜼇 𜼈 𜼉 𜼊 𜼋 𜼌 𜼍 𜼎 𜼏 𜼐 𜼑 𜼒 𜼓 𜼔 𜼕 𜼖 𜼗 𜼘 𜼙 𜼚 𜼛 𜼜 𜼝 𜼞 𜼟 𜼠 𜼡 𜼢 𜼣 𜼤 𜼥 𜼦 𜼧 𜼨 𜼩 𜼪 𜼫 𜼬 𜼭 𜼰 𜼱 𜼲 𜼳 𜼴 𜼵 𜼶 𜼷 𜼸 𜼹 𜼺 𜼻 𜼼 𜼽 𜼾 𜼿 𜽀 𜽁 |
| Byzantine Musical Symbols [278] | 𝀀 𝀁 𝀂 𝀃 𝀄 𝀅 𝀆 𝀇 𝀈 𝀉 𝀊 𝀋 𝀌 𝀍 𝀎 𝀏 𝀐 𝀑 𝀒 𝀓 𝀔 𝀕 𝀖 𝀗 𝀘 𝀙 𝀚 𝀛 𝀜 𝀝 𝀞 𝀟 𝀠 𝀡 𝀢 𝀣 𝀤 𝀥 𝀦 𝀧 𝀨 𝀩 𝀪 𝀫 𝀬 𝀭 𝀮 𝀯 𝀰 𝀱 𝀲 𝀳 𝀴 𝀵 𝀶 𝀷 𝀸 𝀹 𝀺 𝀻 𝀼 𝀽 𝀾 𝀿 𝁀 𝁁 𝁂 𝁃 𝁄 𝁅 |
| Musical Symbols [279] | 𝄀 𝄁 𝄂 𝄃 𝄄 𝄅 𝄆 𝄇 𝄈 𝄉 𝄊 𝄋 𝄌 𝄍 𝄎 𝄏 𝄐 𝄑 𝄒 𝄓 𝄔 𝄕 |
| Ancient Greek Musical Notation [280] | 𝈀 𝈁 𝈂 𝈃 𝈄 𝈅 𝈆 𝈇 𝈈 𝈉 𝈊 𝈋 𝈌 𝈍 𝈎 𝈏 𝈐 𝈑 𝈒 𝈓 𝈔 𝈕 𝈖 𝈗 𝈘 𝈙 𝈚 𝈛 𝈜 𝈝 𝈞 𝈟 𝈠 𝈡 𝈢 𝈣 𝈤 𝈥 𝈦 𝈧 𝈨 𝈩 𝈪 𝈫 𝈬 𝈭 𝈮 𝈯 𝈰 𝈱 𝈲 𝈳 𝈴 𝈵 𝈶 𝈷 𝈸 𝈹 𝈺 𝈻 𝈼 𝈽 𝈾 𝈿 𝉀 𝉁 |
| Kaktovik Numerals [281] | 𝋀 𝋁 𝋂 𝋃 𝋄 𝋅 𝋆 𝋇 𝋈 𝋉 𝋊 𝋋 𝋌 𝋍 𝋎 𝋏 𝋐 𝋑 𝋒 𝋓 (20 / 0 / U+1D2C0–U+1D2D3) |
| Mayan Numerals [282] | 𝋠 𝋡 𝋢 𝋣 𝋤 𝋥 𝋦 𝋧 𝋨 𝋩 𝋪 𝋫 𝋬 𝋭 𝋮 𝋯 𝋰 𝋱 𝋲 𝋳 (20 / 0 / U+1D2E0–U+1D2F3) |
| Tai Xuan Jing Symbols [283] | 𝌀 𝌁 𝌂 𝌃 𝌄 𝌅 𝌆 𝌇 𝌈 𝌉 𝌊 𝌋 𝌌 𝌍 𝌎 𝌏 𝌐 𝌑 𝌒 𝌓 𝌔 𝌕 𝌖 𝌗 𝌘 𝌙 𝌚 𝌛 𝌜 𝌝 𝌞 𝌟 𝌠 𝌡 𝌢 𝌣 𝌤 𝌥 𝌦 𝌧 𝌨 𝌩 𝌪 𝌫 𝌬 𝌭 𝌮 𝌯 𝌰 𝌱 𝌲 𝌳 𝌴 𝌵 𝌶 𝌷 𝌸 𝌹 𝌺 𝌻 𝌼 𝌽 𝌾 𝌿 𝍀 𝍁 𝍂 𝍃 𝍄 𝍅 𝍆 𝍇 𝍈 𝍉 𝍊 𝍋 𝍌 𝍍 𝍎 𝍏 𝍐 𝍑 𝍒 𝍓 𝍔 𝍕 𝍖 (87 / 0 / U+1D300–U+1D356) |
| Counting Rod Numerals [284] | 𝍠 𝍡 𝍢 𝍣 𝍤 𝍥 𝍦 𝍧 𝍨 𝍩 𝍪 𝍫 𝍬 𝍭 𝍮 𝍯 𝍰 𝍱 |
| Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols [285] | 𝐀 𝐁 𝐂 𝐃 𝐄 𝐅 𝐆 𝐇 𝐈 𝐉 𝐊 𝐋 𝐌 𝐍 𝐎 𝐏 𝐐 𝐑 𝐒 𝐓 𝐔 𝐕 𝐖 𝐗 𝐘 𝐙 𝐚 𝐛 𝐜 𝐝 𝐞 𝐟 𝐠 𝐡 𝐢 𝐣 𝐤 𝐥 𝐦 𝐧 𝐨 𝐩 𝐪 𝐫 𝐬 𝐭 𝐮 𝐯 𝐰 𝐱 𝐲 𝐳 |
| Sutton SignWriting [286] | 𝠀 𝠁 𝠂 𝠃 𝠄 𝠅 𝠆 𝠇 𝠈 𝠉 𝠊 𝠋 𝠌 𝠍 𝠎 𝠏 𝠐 𝠑 𝠒 𝠓 𝠔 𝠕 𝠖 𝠗 𝠘 𝠙 𝠚 𝠛 𝠜 𝠝 |
| Latin Extended-G [287] | 𝼀 𝼁 𝼂 𝼃 𝼄 𝼅 𝼆 𝼇 𝼈 𝼉 𝼊 𝼋 𝼌 𝼍 𝼎 𝼏 𝼐 |
| Glagolitic Supplement [288] | 𞀀 𞀁 𞀂 𞀃 𞀄 𞀅 𞀆 𞀈 𞀉 𞀊 𞀋 𞀌 𞀍 𞀎 𞀏 𞀐 𞀑 𞀒 𞀓 𞀔 𞀕 𞀖 𞀗 𞀘 𞀛 𞀜 𞀝 𞀞 𞀟 𞀠 𞀡 𞀣 𞀤 𞀦 𞀧 𞀨 𞀩 𞀪 (38 / 0 / U+1E000–U+1E02A) |
| Cyrillic Extended-D [289] | 𞀰 𞀱 𞀲 𞀳 𞀴 𞀵 𞀶 𞀷 𞀸 𞀹 𞀺 𞀻 𞀼 𞀽 𞀾 𞀿 𞁀 𞁁 𞁂 𞁃 𞁄 𞁅 𞁆 𞁇 𞁈 𞁉 𞁊 𞁋 𞁌 𞁍 𞁎 𞁏 𞁐 𞁑 𞁒 𞁓 𞁔 𞁕 𞁖 𞁗 𞁘 𞁙 𞁚 𞁛 𞁜 𞁝 𞁞 𞁟 𞁠 𞁡 𞁢 𞁣 𞁤 𞁥 𞁦 𞁧 𞁨 𞁩 𞁪 |
| Nyiakeng Puachue Hmong [290] | 𞄀 𞄁 𞄂 𞄃 𞄄 𞄅 𞄆 𞄇 𞄈 𞄉 𞄊 𞄋 𞄌 𞄍 𞄎 𞄏 𞄐 𞄑 𞄒 𞄓 𞄔 𞄕 𞄖 𞄗 𞄘 𞄙 𞄚 𞄛 𞄜 𞄝 𞄞 𞄟 𞄠 𞄡 𞄢 𞄣 𞄤 𞄥 𞄦 𞄧 𞄨 𞄩 𞄪 𞄫 𞄬 |
| Toto [291] | 𞊐 𞊑 𞊒 𞊓 𞊔 𞊕 𞊖 𞊗 𞊘 𞊙 𞊚 𞊛 𞊜 𞊝 𞊞 𞊟 𞊠 𞊡 𞊢 𞊣 𞊤 𞊥 𞊦 𞊧 𞊨 𞊩 𞊪 𞊫 𞊬 𞊭 |
| Wancho [292] | 𞋀 𞋁 𞋂 𞋃 𞋄 𞋅 𞋆 𞋇 𞋈 𞋉 𞋊 𞋋 𞋌 𞋍 𞋎 𞋏 𞋐 𞋑 𞋒 𞋓 𞋔 𞋕 𞋖 𞋗 𞋘 𞋙 𞋚 𞋛 𞋜 𞋝 𞋞 𞋟 𞋠 𞋡 𞋢 𞋣 𞋤 𞋥 𞋦 𞋧 𞋨 𞋩 𞋪 𞋫 𞋬 𞋭 𞋮 𞋯 𞋰 𞋱 𞋲 𞋳 𞋴 𞋵 𞋶 𞋷 𞋸 𞋹 |
| Nag Mundari [293] | 𞓐 𞓑 𞓒 𞓓 𞓔 𞓕 𞓖 𞓗 𞓘 𞓙 𞓚 𞓛 𞓜 𞓝 𞓞 𞓟 𞓠 𞓡 𞓢 𞓣 𞓤 𞓥 𞓦 𞓧 𞓨 𞓩 𞓪 𞓫 𞓬 𞓭 𞓮 𞓯 𞓰 𞓱 𞓲 𞓳 𞓴 𞓵 𞓶 𞓷 𞓸 𞓹 |
| Ethiopic Extended-B [294] | 𞟠 𞟡 𞟢 𞟣 𞟤 𞟥 𞟦 𞟨 𞟩 𞟪 𞟫 𞟭 𞟮 𞟰 𞟱 𞟲 𞟳 𞟴 𞟵 𞟶 𞟷 𞟸 𞟹 𞟺 𞟻 𞟼 𞟽 𞟾 (28 / 0 / U+1E7E0–U+1E7FE) |
| Mende Kikakui [295] | 𞠀 𞠁 𞠂 𞠃 𞠄 𞠅 𞠆 𞠇 𞠈 𞠉 𞠊 𞠋 𞠌 𞠍 𞠎 𞠏 𞠐 |
| Adlam [296] | 𞤀 𞤁 𞤂 𞤃 𞤄 𞤅 𞤆 𞤇 𞤈 𞤉 𞤊 𞤋 𞤌 𞤍 𞤎 𞤏 𞤐 𞤑 𞤒 𞤓 𞤔 𞤕 𞤖 𞤗 𞤘 𞤙 𞤚 𞤛 𞤜 𞤝 𞤞 𞤟 𞤠 𞤡 𞤢 𞤣 𞤤 𞤥 𞤦 𞤧 𞤨 𞤩 𞤪 𞤫 𞤬 𞤭 𞤮 𞤯 𞤰 𞤱 𞤲 𞤳 𞤴 𞤵 𞤶 𞤷 𞤸 𞤹 𞤺 𞤻 𞤼 𞤽 |
| Indic Siyaq Numbers [297] | 𞱱 𞱲 𞱳 𞱴 𞱵 𞱶 𞱷 𞱸 𞱹 𞱺 𞱻 𞱼 𞱽 𞱾 𞱿 𞲀 𞲁 𞲂 |
| Ottoman Siyaq Numbers [298] | 𞴁 𞴂 𞴃 𞴄 𞴅 𞴆 𞴇 𞴈 𞴉 𞴊 𞴋 𞴌 𞴍 𞴎 𞴏 𞴐 𞴑 𞴒 |
| Arabic Mathematical Alphabetic Symbols [299] | 𞸀 𞸁 𞸂 𞸃 𞸅 𞸆 𞸇 𞸈 𞸉 𞸊 𞸋 𞸌 𞸍 𞸎 𞸏 𞸐 𞸑 𞸒 𞸓 𞸔 𞸕 𞸖 𞸗 𞸘 𞸙 𞸚 𞸛 𞸜 𞸝 𞸞 𞸟 𞸡 𞸢 𞸤 𞸧 𞸩 𞸪 𞸫 𞸬 𞸭 𞸮 𞸯 𞸰 𞸱 𞸲 𞸴 𞸵 𞸶 𞸷 𞸹 𞸻 |
| Mahjong Tiles [300] | 🀀 🀁 🀂 🀃 🀄 🀅 🀆 🀇 🀈 🀉 🀊 🀋 🀌 🀍 🀎 🀏 🀐 🀑 🀒 🀓 🀔 🀕 🀖 🀗 🀘 |
| Domino Tiles [301] | 🀰 🀱 🀲 🀳 🀴 🀵 🀶 🀷 🀸 🀹 🀺 🀻 🀼 🀽 🀾 🀿 🁀 🁁 🁂 🁃 🁄 🁅 |
| Playing Cards [302] | 🂠 🂡 🂢 🂣 🂤 🂥 🂦 🂧 🂨 🂩 🂪 🂫 🂬 🂭 🂮 🂱 🂲 🂳 🂴 🂵 🂶 🂷 🂸 🂹 🂺 🂻 🂼 🂽 🂾 |
| Enclosed Alphanumeric Supplement [303] | 🄀 🄁 🄂 🄃 🄄 🄅 🄆 🄇 🄈 🄉 🄊 🄋 🄌 🄍 🄎 🄏 🄐 🄑 🄒 🄓 🄔 🄕 🄖 🄗 🄘 🄙 🄚 🄛 🄜 🄝 🄞 🄟 🄠 🄡 🄢 🄣 🄤 🄥 🄦 🄧 🄨 🄩 |
| Enclosed Ideographic Supplement [304] | 🈀 🈁 🈂 🈐 🈑 🈒 🈓 🈔 🈕 🈖 🈗 🈘 🈙 🈚 🈛 🈜 🈝 🈞 🈟 🈠 🈡 🈢 🈣 🈤 🈥 🈦 🈧 🈨 🈩 🈪 🈫 🈬 🈭 🈮 🈯 🈰 🈱 🈲 🈳 🈴 🈵 🈶 🈷 🈸 🈹 🈺 🈻 |
| Miscellaneous Symbols and Pictographs [305] | 🌀 🌁 🌂 🌃 🌄 🌅 🌆 🌇 🌈 🌉 🌊 🌋 🌌 🌍 🌎 🌏 🌐 🌑 🌒 🌓 🌔 🌕 🌖 🌗 🌘 🌙 🌚 🌛 🌜 🌝 🌞 🌟 🌠 |
| Emoticons [306] | 😀 😁 😂 😃 😄 😅 😆 😇 😈 😉 😊 😋 😌 😍 😎 😏 😐 😑 😒 😓 😔 😕 😖 😗 😘 😙 😚 😛 😜 😝 😞 😟 😠 😡 😢 😣 😤 😥 😦 😧 😨 😩 😪 😫 😬 😭 😮 😯 😰 😱 😲 😳 😴 😵 😶 😷 😸 😹 😺 😻 😼 😽 😾 😿 🙀 |
| Ornamental Dingbats [307] | 🙐 🙑 🙒 🙓 🙔 🙕 🙖 🙗 🙘 🙙 🙚 🙛 🙜 🙝 🙞 🙟 🙠 🙡 🙢 🙣 🙤 🙥 🙦 🙧 🙨 🙩 🙪 🙫 🙬 🙭 🙮 🙯 🙰 🙱 🙲 🙳 🙴 🙵 |
| Transport and Map Symbols [308] | 🚀 🚁 🚂 🚃 🚄 🚅 🚆 🚇 🚈 🚉 🚊 🚋 🚌 🚍 🚎 🚏 🚐 🚑 🚒 🚓 🚔 🚕 🚖 🚗 🚘 🚙 🚚 🚛 🚜 🚝 🚞 🚟 🚠 🚡 🚢 🚣 🚤 🚥 🚦 🚧 🚨 🚩 🚪 🚫 🚬 🚭 🚮 🚯 🚰 🚱 🚲 🚳 🚴 🚵 🚶 🚷 🚸 🚹 🚺 🚻 🚼 🚽 🚾 🚿 🛀 🛁 🛂 🛃 🛄 🛅 🛆 🛇 🛈 🛉 🛊 |
| Alchemical Symbols [309] | 🜀 🜁 🜂 🜃 🜄 🜅 🜆 🜇 🜈 🜉 🜊 🜋 🜌 🜍 🜎 🜏 🜐 🜑 🜒 🜓 🜔 🜕 🜖 🜗 🜘 🜙 |
| Geometric Shapes Extended [310] | 🞀 🞁 🞂 🞃 🞄 🞅 🞆 🞇 🞈 🞉 🞊 🞋 🞌 🞍 🞎 🞏 🞐 🞑 🞒 🞓 |
| Supplemental Arrows-C [311] | 🠀 🠁 🠂 🠃 🠄 🠅 🠆 🠇 🠈 🠉 🠊 🠋 🠐 🠑 🠒 🠓 🠔 🠕 🠖 🠗 🠘 🠙 🠚 🠛 🠜 🠝 🠞 🠟 |
| Supplemental Symbols and Pictographs [312] | 🤀 🤁 🤂 🤃 🤄 🤅 🤆 🤇 🤈 🤉 🤊 🤋 🤌 🤍 🤎 🤏 🤐 🤑 🤒 🤓 🤔 🤕 🤖 🤗 |
| Chess Symbols [313] | 🨀 🨁 🨂 🨃 🨄 🨅 🨆 🨇 🨈 🨉 🨊 🨋 🨌 🨍 🨎 🨏 🨐 🨑 🨒 🨓 🨔 🨕 🨖 🨗 🨘 🨙 🨚 |
| Symbols and Pictographs Extended-A [314] | 🩰 🩱 🩲 🩳 🩴 🩵 🩶 🩷 🩸 🩹 🩺 🩻 🩼 🪀 🪁 🪂 🪃 🪄 🪅 🪆 |
| Symbols for Legacy Computing [315] | 🬀 🬁 🬂 🬃 🬄 🬅 🬆 🬇 🬈 🬉 🬊 🬋 🬌 🬍 🬎 🬏 🬐 🬑 🬒 🬓 🬔 🬕 🬖 🬗 🬘 🬙 🬚 🬛 🬜 🬝 🬞 🬟 🬠 🬡 🬢 🬣 🬤 🬥 🬦 🬧 🬨 🬩 🬪 🬫 🬬 🬭 🬮 🬯 🬰 🬱 🬲 🬳 🬴 🬵 🬶 🬷 🬸 🬹 🬺 🬻 🬼 🬽 🬾 🬿 🭀 🭁 🭂 🭃 🭄 🭅 🭆 🭇 🭈 🭉 🭊 🭋 🭌 🭍 🭎 🭏 🭐 🭑 🭒 🭓 🭔 🭕 🭖 🭗 🭘 🭙 🭚 🭛 🭜 🭝 🭞 🭟 🭠 🭡 🭢 🭣 🭤 🭥 🭦 🭧 🭨 🭩 🭪 🭫 🭬 🭭 🭮 🭯 |
| CJK Unified Ideographs Extension B [316] | 𠀀 𪛟 (2 / 0 / U+20000–U+2A6DF) |
| CJK Unified Ideographs Extension C [317] | 𪜀 𫜹 (2 / 0 / U+2A700–U+2B739) |
| CJK Unified Ideographs Extension D [318] | 𫝀 𫠝 (2 / 0 / U+2B740–U+2B81D) |
| CJK Unified Ideographs Extension E [319] | 𫠠 𬺡 (2 / 0 / U+2B820–U+2CEA1) |
| CJK Unified Ideographs Extension F [320] | 𬺰 𮯠 (2 / 0 / U+2CEB0–U+2EBE0) |
| CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement [321] | 丽 丸 乁 𠄢 你 侮 侻 倂 偺 備 僧 像 㒞 𠘺 免 兔 兤 具 𠔜 㒹 內 再 𠕋 冗 冤 仌 冬 况 𩇟 凵 刃 㓟 刻 剆 割 剷 㔕 勇 勉 勤 勺 包 匆 北 卉 卑 博 即 卽 卿 卿 卿 𠨬 灰 及 叟 𠭣 叫 叱 吆 咞 吸 呈 周 咢 哶 唐 啓 啣 善 善 喙 喫 喳 嗂 圖 嘆 圗 噑 噴 切 壮 城 埴 堍 型 堲 報 墬 𡓤 売 壷 夆 多 夢 奢 𡚨 𡛪 姬 娛 娧 姘 婦 㛮 㛼 嬈 嬾 嬾 𡧈 寃 寘 寧 寳 𡬘 寿 将 当 尢 㞁 屠 屮 峀 岍 𡷤 嵃 𡷦 嵮 嵫 嵼 巡 巢 㠯 巽 帨 帽 幩 㡢 𢆃 㡼 庰 庳 庶 廊 𪎒 廾 𢌱 𢌱 舁 弢 弢 㣇 𣊸 𦇚 形 彫 㣣 徚 忍 志 忹 悁 㤺 㤜 悔 𢛔 惇 慈 慌 慎 慌 慺 憎 憲 憤 憯 懞 懲 懶 成 戛 扝 抱 拔 捐 𢬌 挽 拼 捨 掃 揤 𢯱 搢 揅 掩 㨮 摩 摾 撝 摷 㩬 敏 敬 𣀊 旣 書 晉 㬙 暑 㬈 㫤 冒 冕 最 暜 肭 䏙 朗 望 朡 杞 杓 𣏃 㭉 柺 枅 桒 梅 𣑭 梎 栟 椔 㮝 楂 榣 槪 檨 𣚣 櫛 㰘 次 𣢧 歔 㱎 歲 殟 殺 殻 𣪍 𡴋 𣫺 汎 𣲼 沿 泍 汧 洖 派 海 流 浩 浸 涅 𣴞 洴 港 湮 㴳 滋 滇 𣻑 淹 潮 𣽞 𣾎 濆 瀹 瀞 瀛 㶖 灊 災 灷 炭 𠔥 煅 𤉣 熜 𤎫 爨 爵 牐 𤘈 犀 犕 𤜵 𤠔 獺 王 㺬 玥 㺸 㺸 瑇 瑜 瑱 璅 瓊 㼛 甤 𤰶 甾 𤲒 異 𢆟 瘐 𤾡 𤾸 𥁄 㿼 䀈 直 𥃳 𥃲 𥄙 𥄳 眞 真 真 睊 䀹 瞋 䁆 䂖 𥐝 硎 碌 磌 䃣 𥘦 祖 𥚚 𥛅 福 秫 䄯 穀 穊 穏 𥥼 𥪧 𥪧 竮 䈂 𥮫 篆 築 䈧 𥲀 糒 䊠 糨 糣 紀 𥾆 絣 䌁 緇 縂 繅 䌴 𦈨 𦉇 䍙 𦋙 罺 𦌾 羕 翺 者 𦓚 𦔣 聠 𦖨 聰 𣍟 䏕 育 脃 䐋 脾 媵 𦞧 𦞵 𣎓 𣎜 舁 舄 辞 䑫 芑 芋 芝 劳 花 芳 芽 苦 𦬼 若 茝 荣 莭 茣 莽 菧 著 荓 菊 菌 菜 𦰶 𦵫 𦳕 䔫 蓱 蓳 蔖 𧏊 蕤 𦼬 䕝 䕡 𦾱 𧃒 䕫 虐 虜 虧 虩 蚩 蚈 蜎 蛢 蝹 蜨 蝫 螆 䗗 蟡 蠁 䗹 衠 衣 𧙧 裗 裞 䘵 裺 㒻 𧢮 𧥦 䚾 䛇 誠 諭 變 豕 𧲨 貫 賁 贛 起 𧼯 𠠄 跋 趼 跰 𠣞 軔 輸 𨗒 𨗭 邔 郱 鄑 𨜮 鄛 鈸 鋗 鋘 鉼 鏹 鐕 𨯺 開 䦕 閷 𨵷 䧦 雃 嶲 霣 𩅅 𩈚 䩮 䩶 韠 𩐊 䪲 𩒖 頋 頋 頩 𩖶 飢 䬳 餩 馧 駂 駾 䯎 𩬰 鬒 鱀 鳽 䳎 䳭 鵧 𪃎 䳸 𪄅 𪈎 𪊑 麻 䵖 黹 黾 鼅 鼏 鼖 鼻 𪘀 (542 / 0 / U+2F800–U+2FA1D) |
| 34'513 / 810 verschiedene, benannte Glyphen / in RE sind in 321 / 47 Blöcke gegliedert. | |
2. Anmerkungen
[Bearbeiten]- ↑
ASCII Zeichensatz = American Standard Code for Information Interchange.The Basic Latin (or C0 Controls and Basic Latin) Unicode block is the first block of the Unicode standard, and the only block which is encoded in one byte in UTF-8. The block contains all the letters and control codes of the ASCII encoding.
The Basic Latin block was included in its present from version 1.0.0 of the Unicode Standard, without addition or alteration of the character repertoire.
The classical Latin alphabet, also known as the Roman alphabet, is a writing system that evolved from the visually similar Cumaean Greek version of the Greek alphabet. The Greek alphabet, including the Cumaean version, descended from the Phoenician abjad. The Etruscans who ruled early Rome adopted and modified the Cumaean Greek alphabet. The Etruscan alphabet was in turn adopted and further modified by the ancient Romans to write the Latin language.
During the Middle Ages scribes adapted the Latin alphabet for writing Romance languages, direct descendants of Latin, as well as Celtic, Germanic, Baltic, and some Slavic languages. With the age of colonialism and Christian evangelism, the Latin script spread beyond Europe, coming into use for writing indigenous American, Australian, Austronesian, Austroasiatic, and African languages. More recently, linguists have also tended to prefer the Latin script or the International Phonetic Alphabet (itself largely based on Latin script) when transcribing or creating written standards for non-European languages, such as the African reference alphabet.
The term Latin alphabet may refer to either the alphabet used to write Latin (as described in this article), or other alphabets based on the Latin script, which is the basic set of letters common to the various alphabets descended from the classical Latin one, such as the English alphabet. These Latin alphabets may discard letters, like the Rotokas alphabet, or add new letters, like the Danish and Norwegian alphabets. Letter shapes have evolved over the centuries, including the creation for Medieval Latin of lower-case forms which did not exist in the Classical period.
- ↑
Latin-1 Supplement
(128 codes from 0080–00FF,
symbl.cc)
The Latin-1 Supplement (also called C1 Controls and Latin-1 Supplement) is the second Unicode block in the Unicode standard. It encodes the upper range of ISO 8859-1: 80 (U+0080) — FF (U+00FF). Controls C1 (0080–009F) are not graphic.
The C1 Controls and Latin-1 Supplement block has been included in its present form, with the same character repertoire since version 1.0 of the Unicode Standard, where it was known as Latin 1
- ↑
Latin Extended-A
(128 codes from 0100–017F, Alphabet, Language: Celtic, Sami, Maltese, Turkish,
symbl.cc)
Latin Extended-A is a block of the Unicode Standard.
It encodes Latin letters from the Latin ISO character sets other than Latin-1 (which is already encoded in the Latin-1 Supplement block) and also legacy characters from the ISO 6937 standard.
The Latin Extended-A block has been in the Unicode Standard since version 1.0, with its entire character repertoire, except for the Latin Small Letter Long S, which was added during unification with ISO 10646 in version 1.1
- ↑
Latin Extended-B
(208 codes from 0180–024F, Alphabet, Language: Slovenian, Croatian,
symbl.cc)
Latin Extended-B is a block (0180-024F) of the Unicode Standard. It has been included since version 1.0, where it was only allocated to the code points U+0180..U+01FF and contained 113 characters. During unification with ISO 10646 for version 1.1, the block was expanded, and another 65 characters were added. In version 3.0, the last thirty available code points in the block were assigned.
The Latin Extended-B block contains ten subheadings for groups of characters: Non-European and historic Latin, African letters for clicks, Croatian digraphs matching Serbian Cyrillic letters, Pinyin diacritic-vowel combinations, Phonetic and historic letters, Additions for Slovenian and Croatian, Additions for Romanian, Miscellaneous additions, Additions for Livonian, and Additions for Sinology. The Non-European and historic, African clicks, Croatian digraphs, Pinyin, and the first part of the Phonetic and historic letters were present in Unicode 1.0; additional Phonetic and historic letters were added for version 3.0; and other Phonetic and historic, as well as the rest of the sub-blocks were the characters added for version 1.1.
- ↑
IPA Extensions
(96 codes from 0250–02AF, Alphabet,
symbl.cc)
IPA Extensions is a block (0250–02AF) of the Unicode standard that contains full size letters used in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). Both modern and historical characters are included, as well as former IPA signs and non-IPA phonetic letters. Additional characters employed for phonetics, like the palatalization sign, are encoded in the blocks Phonetic Extensions (1D00–1D7F) and Phonetic Extensions Supplement (1D80–1DBF). Diacritics are found in the Spacing Modifier Letters (02B0–02FF) and Combining Diacritical Marks (0300–036F) blocks.
With IPA´s ability to use Unicode for the presentation of phonetic symbols, ASCII-based systems such as X-SAMPA or Kirshenbaum are being supplanted. Within the Unicode blocks there are also a few former IPA characters no longer in international use by linguists.
The IPA Extensions block has been present in Unicode since version 1.0, and was unchanged through the unification with ISO 10646. The block was filled out with extensions for representing disordered speech in version 3.0, and Sinology phonetic symbols in version 4.0
The International Phonetic Alphabet (unofficially—though commonly—abbreviated IPA) is an alphabetic system of phonetic notation based primarily on the Latin alphabet. It was devised by the International Phonetic Association as a standardized representation of the sounds in oral language.
Who needs IPA? This is a relevant question! Actually, a lot of people. The IPA is used by lexicographers, foreign language students and teachers, linguists, speech-language pathologists, singers, actors, constructed language creators, and translators.
The IPA is designed to represent only those qualities of speech that are part of oral language: phones, phonemes, intonation, and the separation of words and syllables. To represent additional qualities of speech, such as tooth gnashing, lisping, and sounds made with a cleft palate, an extended set of symbols called the Extensions to the IPA may be used.
IPA symbols consist of one or more elements of two basic types, letters and diacritics. For example, the sound of the English letter ´t´ may be transcribed in IPA with a single letter, , or with a letter plus diacritics, , depending on how precise you want to describe its features in the context. Slashes are often used to signal broad or phonemic transcription; thus, /t/ is less specific and could refer to either or , depending on the context and language.
Letters or diacritics might be added, removed, or modified by the International Phonetic Association. According to the recent change in 2005, there are 107 letters, 52 diacritics, and four prosodic marks in the IPA. These are shown in the current IPA chart, posted below in this article and at the website of the IPA.
Let´s have some fun! You can take letters from this block and flip your text to entertain yourself and your friends.
- ↑
Spacing Modifier Letters
(80 codes from 02B0–02FF, Alphabet,
symbl.cc)
Spacing Modifier letters is a Unicode block containing characters for the IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet), UPA (Uralic Phonetic Alphabet or Finno-Ugric transcription system), and other phonetic transcriptions. Included are the IPA tone marks, and modifiers for aspiration and palatalization.
- ↑
Combining Diacritical Marks
(112 codes from 0300–036F, Alphabet,
symbl.cc)
Combining Diacritical Marks is a Unicode block containing the most common combining characters. It also contains the Combining Grapheme Joiner, which prevents canonical reordering of combining characters, and despite the name, actually separates characters that would otherwise be considered a single grapheme in a given context.
A diacritic /daɪ.əˈkrɪtɨk/ – also diacritical mark, diacritical point, or diacritical sign – is a glyph added to a letter, or basic glyph. The term derives from the Greek διακριτικός (diakritikós, “distinguishing”, from ancient Greek διά (diá, through) and κρίνω (krínein, to separate)). Diacritic is primarily an adjective, though sometimes used as a noun, whereas diacritical is only ever an adjective. Some diacritical marks, such as the acute (´) and grave (`), are often called accents. Diacritical marks may appear above or below a letter, or in some other position such as within the letter or between two letters.
The main use of diacritical marks in the Latin script is to change the sound-values of the letters to which they are added. Examples from English are the diaereses in naïve and Noël, which show that the vowel with the diaeresis mark is pronounced separately from the preceding vowel; the acute and grave accents, which can indicate that a final vowel is to be pronounced, as in saké and poetic breathèd; and the cedilla under the “c” in the borrowed French word façade, which shows it is pronounced /s/ rather than /k/. In other Latin alphabets, they may distinguish between homonyms, such as the French là (“there”) versus la (“the”), which are both pronounced . In Gaelic type, a dot over a consonant indicates lenition of the consonant in question.
In other alphabetic systems, diacritical marks may perform other functions. Vowel pointing systems, namely the Arabic harakat ( ـَ, ـُ, ـُ, etc.) and the Hebrew niqqud ( ַ, ֶ, ִ, ֹ , ֻ, etc.) systems, indicate sounds (vowels and tones) that are not conveyed by the basic alphabet. The Indic virama ( ् etc.) and the Arabic sukūn ( ـْـ ) mark the absence of a vowel. Cantillation marks indicate prosody. Other uses include the Early Cyrillic titlo ( ◌҃ ) and the Hebrew gershayim ( ״ ), which, respectively, mark abbreviations or acronyms, and Greek diacritical marks, which showed that letters of the alphabet were being used as numerals. In the Hanyu Pinyin official romanization system for Chinese, diacritics are used to mark the tones of the syllables in which the marked vowels occur.
In orthography and collation, a letter modified by a diacritic may be treated either as a new, distinct letter or as a letter–diacritic combination. This varies from language to language, and may vary from case to case within a language.
In some cases, letters are used as “in-line diacritics” in place of ancillary glyphs, because they modify the sound of the letter preceding them, as in the case of the “h” in English “sh” and “th”.
- ↑
Greek and Coptic
(144 codes from 0370–03FF, Alphabet, Language: Greek, Coptic,
symbl.cc)
Greek and Coptic is the Unicode block for representing modern (monotonic) Greek. It was originally used for writing Coptic, using the similar Greek letters, in addition to the uniquely Coptic additions. Beginning with version 4.1 of the Unicode Standard, a separate Coptic block has been included in Unicode, allowing for mixed Greek/Coptic text that is stylistically contrastive, as is convention in scholarly works. Writing polytonic Greek requires the use of combining characters or the precomposed vowel + tone characters in the Greek Extended character block.
The Greek alphabet is the script that has been used to write the Greek language since the 8th century BC. It was derived from the earlier Phoenician alphabet, and was the first alphabetic script to have distinct letters for vowels as well as consonants. As such, it became the ancestor of numerous other European and Middle Eastern alphabets, including Latin and Cyrillic. Apart from its use in writing the Greek language, both in its ancient and its modern forms, the Greek alphabet today also serves as a source of technical symbols and labels in many domains of mathematics, science and other fields.
In its classical and modern forms, the alphabet has 24 letters, ordered from alpha to omega. Like and Cyrillic0400–04FF, Greek originally had only a single form of each letter; it developed the letter case distinction between upper-case and lower-case forms in parallel with Latin during the modern era.
Sound values and conventional transcriptions for some of the letters differ between Ancient Greek and Modern Greek usage, owing to phonological changes in the language.
In traditional (“polytonic”) Greek orthography, vowel letters can be combined with several diacritics, including accent marks, so-called “breathing” marks, and the iota subscript. In common present-day usage for Modern Greek since the 1980s, this system has been simplified to a so-called “monotonic” convention
The Coptic alphabet is the script used for writing the Coptic language. The repertoire of glyphs is based on the Greek alphabet augmented by letters borrowed from the Egyptian Demotic and is the first alphabetic script used for the Egyptian language. There are several alphabets, as the Coptic writing system may vary greatly among the various dialects and subdialects of the Coptic language.
- ↑
Cyrillic
(256 codes from 0400–04FF, Alphabet, Language: Russian, Ukrainian, Bulgarian,
symbl.cc)
Cyrillic is a Unicode block containing the characters used to write the widely used languages with a Cyrillic orthography. The core of the block is based on the ISO 8859-5 standard, with additions for minority languages and historic orthographies.
The Cyrillic script /sɨˈrɪlɪk/ is an alphabetic writing system employed across Eastern Europe, North and Central Asian countries. It is based on the Early Cyrillic, which was developed in the First Bulgarian Empire during the 9th century AD at the Preslav Literary School. It is the basis of alphabets used in various languages, past and present, in parts of Southeastern Europe and Northern Eurasia, especially those of Slavic origin, and non-Slavic languages influenced by Russian. As of 2011, around 252 million people in Eurasia use it as the official alphabet for their national languages. About half of them are in Russia. Thus, Cyrillic is one of the most used writing systems in the world.
Cyrillic is derived from the Greek uncial script, augmented by letters from the older Glagolitic alphabet, including some ligatures. These additional letters were used for sounds not found in Greek. The script is named in honor of the two Byzantine brothers, Saints Cyril and Methodius, who created the Glagolitic alphabet earlier on. Modern scholars believe that Cyrillic was developed and formalized by early disciples of Cyril and Methodius.
With the accession of Bulgaria to the European Union on 1 January 2007, Cyrillic became the third official script of the European Union, following the Latin and Greek scripts.
- ↑
Cyrillic Supplement
(48 codes from 0500–052F, Alphabet, Language: Komi,
symbl.cc)
Cyrillic Supplement is a Unicode block containing Cyrillic letters for writing several minority languages, including Abkhaz, Kurdish, Komi, Mordvin, Aleut, Azerbaijani, and Jakovlev´s Chuvash orthography.
- ↑
Armenian
(96 codes from 0530–058F, Alphabet, Language: Armenian,
symbl.cc)
Armenian is a Unicode block containing characters for writing the Armenian language, both the traditional Western Armenian and reformed Eastern Armenian orthographies. Five Armenian ligatures are encoded in the Alphabetic Presentation Forms block.
The Armenian language (classical: հայերէն; reformed: հայերեն hayeren) is an Indo-European language spoken by the Armenians. It is the official language of the Republic of Armenia and the self-proclaimed Nagorno-Karabakh Republic. It has historically been spoken throughout the Armenian Highlands and today is widely spoken in the Armenian diaspora.
Armenian has its own unique script, the Armenian alphabet, invented in 405 AD by Mesrop Mashtots.
Scholars classify Armenian as an independent branch of the Indo-European language family. The area that linguists are especially interested in is the distinctive phonological developments within the Indo-European languages. Armenian shares a number of major innovations with Greek, and some linguists group these two languages with Phrygian and the Indo-Iranian family into a higher-level subgroup of Indo-European, which is defined by such shared changes as the augment. Recently other scholars have proposed a Balkan grouping including Greek, Phrygian, Armenian, and Albanian.
Armenia was a monolingual country till the second century BC. Its language has long literary history, with a fifth-century Bible translation as its oldest surviving text.
There are two standardized modern literary forms, Eastern Armenian and Western Armenian, with which most contemporary dialects are mutually intelligible.
- ↑
Hebrew
(112 codes from 0590–05FF, Alphabet, Language: Hebrew, Yiddish,
symbl.cc)
Hebrew is a Unicode block containing characters for writing the Hebrew, Yiddish, Ladino, and other Jewish diaspora languages.
Hebrew is a West Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family. Historically, it is regarded as the language of the Hebrew Israelites and their ancestors, although the language was not referred to by the name Hebrew in the Tanakh.
The earliest examples of written Paleo-Hebrew date from the 10th century BC, those were primitive drawings. Since the language used in that inscription remained unknown, it was impossible to prove whether it was in fact Hebrew or another local language.
Hebrew had ceased to be an everyday spoken language somewhere between 200 and 400 CE, declining since the Bar Kochba War. Aramaic and to a lesser extent Greek were already in use as international languages, especially among elites and immigrants. Thus, Hebrew survived into the medieval period as the language of Jewish liturgy, rabbinic literature, intra-Jewish commerce, and poetry. Then, in the 19th century, it was revived as a spoken and literary language. According to Ethnologue, nowadays it´s spoken by 9 million people worldwide, including 7 million who are from Israel. If you didn´t know, The United States has the second largest Hebrew speaking population, with about 221,593 fluent speakers, mostly from Israel.
Modern Hebrew is one of the two official languages of Israel (the other is Arabic). As for pre-modern Hebrew, it is used for prayers or studies in Jewish communities all around the world today. Ancient Hebrew is also the liturgical language of the Samaritans, while modern Hebrew or Arabic are their vernacular. As a foreign language, it is studied mostly by Jews and students of Judaism and Israel, and by archaeologists and linguists specializing in the Middle East and its civilizations, as well as by theologians in Christian seminaries.
The Torah (the first five books), and most of the rest of the Hebrew Bible, are written in Biblical Hebrew. Much of its present form is written in the dialect that scholars believe flourished around the 6th century BC, around the time of the Babylonian exile. For this reason, Hebrew has been referred to by Jews as Leshon HaKodesh (לשון הקדש), “The Holy Language”, since ancient times.
- ↑
Arabic
(256 codes from 0600–06FF, Alphabet, Language: Arabic, Persian, Kurd,
symbl.cc)
Arabic is a Unicode block, containing the standard letters and the most common diacritics of the Arabic script, and the Arabic-Indic digits.
The Arabic script is a writing system used for writing several languages of Asia and Africa, such as Arabic, the Sorani and Luri dialects of Kurdish, Persian, Pashto, and Urdu. Even until the 16th century, it was used to write some texts in Spanish. After the Latin script, Chinese characters, and Devanagari, it is the fourth-most widely used writing system in the world.The Arabic script is written from right to left in a cursive style. In most cases the letters transcribe consonants, or consonants and a few vowels, so most Arabic alphabets are abjads.The script was first used to write texts in Arabic, most notably the Qurʼān, the holy book of Islam. With the spread of Islam, it came to be used to write languages of many language families, leading to the addition of new letters and other symbols, with some versions, such as Kurdish, Uyghur, and old Bosnian being abugidas or true alphabets. It is also the basis for a rich tradition of Arabic calligraphy.
- ↑
Syriac
(80 codes from 0700–074F, Alphabet, Language: Syrian, Arabic,
symbl.cc)
The Syrian script consists of 22 letters derived from the corresponding letters of the older Aramaic alphabet. The direction of the script is from right to left; the character of the writing is italic, and most of the letters are interconnected inside the word.The type of script used in older manuscripts (up to the end of the fifth century) is known as the estrangel (ʔesṭrangelå from the Greek στρογγύλη ‛round’). The inscriptions on the estrangelo are known from the monumental epigraphy of the I century A.D. from Osroena. After the division of the Syrian Church into Nestorians and Jacobites, each of these two groups developed its own type of font.
The East Syriac (´Nestorian´, ´Chaldean´ or ´Assyrian´) font appeared at the beginning of the VII century. In Syriac, it is called madnḥāyā (lit. ´eastern´). The outlines of the East Syriac font are closer to estrangela than the West Syriac.
The West Syriac (´Jacobite´ or ´Maronite´) font has been known in the manuscript book tradition since the end of the 8th century. In (Western) Syriac, it is called serto (lit. ´dash, letter´), which derives from serṭo pšiṭo (´simple/regular font´). Paleographic data show that serto dates back to the italics found in documents on parchment at the beginning of the III century from Edessa.
The letters represent only consonants. At the end of the VII or the beginning of the VIII century, two systems of icons for vowels were created. The east introduced a system of dots, which were to be written above and below the letters to denote 8 vowels — 4 long and 4 short. In the west represented by the Jacobites in particular, this goal was reached by using small and slightly modified Greek letters, which were placed either above the letters or under them; 5 vowels were in action.
- ↑
Arabic Supplement
(48 codes from 0750–077F, Alphabet, Language: Arabic, Persian, Kurd,
symbl.cc)
Arabic Supplement is a Unicode block that contains Arabic letters and variants mostly used for writing African (non-Arabic) languages.
- ↑
Thaana
(64 codes from 0780–07BF, Alphabet, Language: Maldivian,
symbl.cc)
Thaana is a Unicode block containing characters for writing the Dhivehi and Arabic languages in the Maldives.
Thaana, Taana or Tāna ( ތާނަ in Tāna script) is the modern writing system of the Maldivian language spoken in the Maldives. Thaana has characteristics of both an abugida (diacritic, vowel-killer strokes) and a true alphabet (all vowels are written), with consonants derived from indigenous and Arabic numerals, and vowels derived from the vowel diacritics of the Arabic abjad. Its orthography is largely phonemic.
The Thaana script first appeared in a Maldivian document towards the beginning of the 18th century in a crude initial form known as Gabulhi Thaana which was written scripta continua. This early script slowly developed, its characters slanting 45 degrees, becoming more graceful and spaces were added between words. As time went by it gradually replaced the older Dhives Akuru alphabet. The oldest written sample of the Thaana script is found in the island of Kanditheemu in Northern Miladhunmadulu Atoll. It is inscribed on the door posts of the main Hukuru Miskiy (Friday mosque) of the island and dates back to 1008 AH (AD 1599) and 1020 AH (AD 1611) when the roof of the building were built and the renewed during the reigns of Ibrahim Kalaafaan (Sultan Ibrahim III) and Hussain Faamuladeyri Kilege (Sultan Hussain II) respectively.Thaana, like Arabic, is written right to left. It indicates vowels with diacritic marks derived from Arabic. Each letter must carry either a vowel or a sukun (which indicates “no vowel”). The only exception to this rule is nūnu which, when written without a diacritic, indicates prenasalization of a following stop.
- ↑
NKo
(64 codes from 07C0–07FF, Alphabet, Language: Nko,
symbl.cc)
NKo is a Unicode block containing characters for the Manding languages of West Africa, including Bamanan, Jula, Maninka, Mandinka, and a common literary language, Kangbe, also called N´Ko.
N´Ko is both a script devised by Solomana Kante in 1949, as a writing system for the Manding languages of West Africa, and the name of the literary language itself written in the script. The term N´Ko means I say in all Manding languages.
The script has a few similarities to the Arabic script, notably its direction (right-to-left) and the connected letters. It obligatorily marks both tone and vowels.
- ↑
Samaritan
(64 codes from 0800–083F, Alphabet,
symbl.cc)
Samaritan is a Unicode block containing characters used for writing Samaritan Hebrew0590–05FF and Aramaic.
The Samaritan alphabet is used by the Samaritans for religious writings, including the Samaritan Pentateuch, writings in Samaritan Hebrew, and for commentaries and translations in Samaritan Aramaic and occasionally Arabic.Samaritan is a direct descendant of the Paleo-Hebrew alphabet, which was a variety of the Phoenician alphabet in which large parts of the Hebrew Bible were originally penned. All these scripts are believed to be descendants of the Proto-Sinaitic script. That script was used by the ancient Israelites, both Jews and Samaritans. The better-known “square script” Hebrew alphabet traditionally used by Jews is a stylized version of the Aramaic alphabet which they adopted from the Persian Empire (which in turn adopted it from the Arameans). After the fall of the Persian Empire, Judaism used both scripts before settling on the Aramaic form. For a limited time thereafter, the use of paleo-Hebrew (proto-Samaritan) among Jews was retained only to write the Tetragrammaton, but soon that custom was also abandoned.
- ↑
Mandaic
(32 codes from 0840–085F, Alphabet, Language: Mandaic,
symbl.cc)
Mandaic is a Unicode block containing characters of the Mandaic script used for writing the historic Eastern Aramaic, also called Classical Mandaic, and the modern Neo-Mandaic language.
The Mandaic alphabet is based on the Aramaic alphabet, and is used for writing the Mandaic language. The Mandaic name for the script is Abagada or Abaga, after the first letters of the alphabet. Rather than the ancient Semitic names for the letters (alaph, beth, gimal), the letters are known as â, bâ, gâ and so on.
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Syriac Supplement
(16 codes from 0860–086F,
symbl.cc)
The block includes additional letters to the Syrian script. They were used in the Suriani Malayalam language, also known as Syriac Malayalam or Karshoni. Until the 19th century, it was spoken by the Christians of the apostle Thomas who lived in the south-west of India, Kerala.
- ↑
Arabic Extended-B
(48 codes from 0870–089F,
symbl.cc)
The Arabic script extension under the letter “B” primarily consists of characters used for the Quran. They help to recite religious texts correctly. This extension may also indicate different pronunciation variants and mark short or long pauses.
Additionally, the block includes letter variants for non-Arabic languages, currency symbols, and an abbreviation mark.
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Arabic Extended-A
(96 codes from 08A0–08FF, Alphabet,
symbl.cc)
In this block you will find additional Arabic letters 0600–06FF, vowel signs, tone marks for Rohingya, Berber, Belarusian, Tatar, Bashkir, and African languages. Apart from that, don´t forget to check Quranic annotation signs.
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Devanagari
(128 codes from 0900–097F, Abugida, Language: Sanskrit, Hindi,
symbl.cc)
Devanagari is a Unicode block containing characters for writing Hindi, Marathi, Sindhi, Nepali and Sanskrit. In its original incarnation, the code points U+0900..U+0954 were a direct copy of the characters A0-F4 from the 1988 ISCII standard. The Bengali0980–09FF, Gurmukhi0A00–0A7F, Gujarati0A80–0AFF, Oriya0B00–0B7F, Tamil0B80–0BFF, Telugu0C00–0C7F, Kannada0C80–0CFF, and Malayalam0D00–0D7F blocks were similarly all based on their ISCII encodings.
Devanagari, also called Nagari, is an abugida alphabet of India and Nepal. It is written from left to right, does not have distinct letter cases, and is recognisable (along with most other North Indic scripts, with a few exceptions like Gujarati0A80–0AFF and Oriya0B00–0B7F) by a horizontal line that runs along the top of full letters. Since the 19th century, it has been the most commonly used script for writing Sanskrit. Devanagari is used to write Hindi, Nepali, Marathi, Konkani, Bodo and Maithili among other languages and dialects. It was formerly used to write Gujarati. Because it is the standardised script for the Hindi, Nepali, Marathi, Konkani and Bodo languages, Devanagari is one of the most used and adopted writing systems in the world.
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Bengali
(128 codes from 0980–09FF, Abugida, Language: Bengali,
symbl.cc)
Bengali is a Unicode block containing characters for the Bengali, Assamese, Bishnupriya Manipuri, Daphla, Garo, Hallam, Khasi, Mizo, Munda, Naga, Rian, and Santali languages. In its original incarnation, the code points U+0981..U+09CD were a direct copy of the Bengali characters A1-ED from the 1988 ISCII standard, as well as several Assamese ISCII characters in the U+09F0 column. The Devanagari, Gurmukhi, Gujarati, Oriya, Tamil0B80–0BFF, Telugu0C00–0C7F, Kannada0C80–0CFF, and Malayalam0D00–0D7F blocks were similarly all based on ISCII encodings.
The Bengali alphabet or Bangla alphabet is the writing system for the Bengali language and is the 6th most widely used writing system in the world. The script is shared by Assamese with minor variations, and is the basis for the other writing systems like Meithei and Bishnupriya Manipuri. Historically, the script has also been used to write the Sanskrit language in the region of Bengal.From a classificatory point of view, the Bengali script is an abugida, i.e. its vowel graphemes are mainly realized not as independent letters, but as diacritics attached to its consonant letters. It is written from left to right and lacks distinct letter cases. It is recognizable, as other Brahmic scripts, by a distinctive horizontal line running along the tops of the letters that links them together which is known as matra. The Bengali script is however less blocky and presents a more sinuous shape.
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Gurmukhi
(128 codes from 0A00–0A7F, Abugida, Language: Punjabi,
symbl.cc)
Gurmukhi is a Unicode block containing characters for the Punjabi language, as it is written in India. In its original incarnation, the code points U+0A02..U+0A4C were a direct copy of the Gurmukhi characters A2-EC from the 1988 ISCII standard. The Devanagari0900–097F, Bengali0980–09FF, Gujarati0A80–0AFF, Oriya0B00–0B7F, Tamil0B80–0BFF, Telugu0C00–0C7F, Kannada0C80–0CFF, and Malayalam0D00–0D7F blocks were similarly all based on their ISCII encodings.
Gurmukhi is the most common script used for writing the Punjabi language in India. An abugida derived from the Laṇḍā script and ultimately descended from Brahmi, Gurmukhi was standardised by the second Sikh guru, Guru Angad, in the 16th century. The whole of the Guru Granth Sahib´s 1430 pages are written in this script. The name Gurmukhi is derived from the Old Punjabi term “gurumukhī”, meaning “from the mouth of the Guru”.
Modern Gurmukhi has thirty-eight consonants (vianjan), nine vowel symbols (lāga mātrā), two symbols for nasal sounds (bindī and ṭippī), and one symbol which duplicates the sound of any consonant (addak). In addition, four conjuncts are used: three subjoined forms of the consonants Rara, Haha and Vava, and one half-form of Yayya. Use of the conjunct forms of Vava and Yayya is increasingly scarce in modern contexts.
Gurmukhi is primarily used in the Punjab state of India where it is the sole official script for all official and judicial purposes. The script is also widely used in the Indian states of Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and the national capital of Delhi, with Punjabi being one of the official languages in these states. Gurmukhi has been adapted to write other languages, such as Braj Bhasha, Khariboli (and other Hindustani dialects), Sanskrit and Sindhi.
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Gujarati
(128 codes from 0A80–0AFF, Abugida,
symbl.cc)
Gujarati is a Unicode block containing characters for writing the Gujarati language. In its original incarnation, the code points U+0A81..U+0AD0 were a direct copy of the Gujarati characters A1-F0 from the 1988 ISCII standard. The Devanagari0900–097F, Bengali0980–09FF, Gurmukhi0A00–0A7F, Oriya0B00–0B7F, Tamil0B80–0BFF, Telugu0C00–0C7F, Kannada0C80–0CFF, and Malayalam0D00–0D7F blocks were similarly all based on their ISCII encodings.
The Gujarati script, which like all Nāgarī writing systems is strictly speaking an abugida rather than an alphabet, is used to write the Gujarati and Kutchi languages. It is a variant of Devanāgarī script differentiated by the loss of the characteristic horizontal line running above the letters and by a small number of modifications in the remaining characters.With a few additional characters, added for this purpose, the Gujarati script is also often used to write Sanskrit and Hindi.Gujarati numerical digits are also different from their Devanagari counterparts.
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Oriya
(128 codes from 0B00–0B7F, Abugida, Language: Oriya,
symbl.cc)
Oriya is a Unicode block containing characters for the Oriya, Khondi, and Santali languages of Orissa state, India. In its original incarnation, the code points U+0B01..U+0B4D were a direct copy of the Oriya characters A1-ED from the 1988 ISCII standard. The Devanagari0900–097F, Bengali0980–09FF, Gujarati0A80–0AFF, Gurmukhi0A00–0A7F, Tamil0B80–0BFF, Telugu0C00–0C7F, Kannada0C80–0CFF and Malayalam0D00–0D7F blocks were similarly all based on their ISCII encodings.
Oriya (oṛiā), officially spelled Odia, is an Indian language belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European language family. It is the predominant language of the Indian state of Odisha, where native speakers comprise 80% of the population, and it is spoken in parts of West Bengal, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Andhra Pradesh. Oriya is one of the many official languages in India; it is the official language of Odisha and the second official language of Jharkhand. Oriya is the sixth Indian language to be designated a Classical Language in India, on the basis of having a long literary history and not having borrowed extensively from other languages.
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Tamil
(128 codes from 0B80–0BFF, Abugida, Language: Tamil, Sanskrit,
symbl.cc)
Tamil is a Unicode block containing characters for the Tamil, Badaga, and Saurashtra languages of Tamil Nadu India, Sri Lanka, Singapore, and Malaysia. In its original incarnation, the code points U+0B02..U+0BCD were a direct copy of the Tamil characters A2-ED from the 1988 ISCII standard. The Devanagari0900–097F, Bengali0980–09FF, Gujarati0A80–0AFF, Gurmukhi0A00–0A7F, Oriya0B00–0B7F, Telugu0C00–0C7F, Kannada0C80–0CFF and Malayalam0D00–0D7F blocks were similarly all based on their ISCII encodings.
The Tamil script (tamiḻ ariccuvaṭi) is an abugida script that is used by the Tamil people in India, Sri Lanka, Malaysia and elsewhere, to write the Tamil language, as well as to write the liturgical language Sanskrit, using consonants and diacritics not represented in the Tamil alphabet. Certain minority languages such as Saurashtra, Badaga, Irula, and Paniya are also written in the Tamil script.
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Telugu
(128 codes from 0C00–0C7F, Abugida, Language: Telugu,
symbl.cc)
Telugu is a Unicode block containing characters for the Telugu, Gondi, and Lambadi languages of Andhra Pradesh, India. In its original incarnation, the code points U+0C01..U+0C4D were a direct copy of the Telugu characters A1-ED from the 1988 ISCII standard. The Devanagari0900–097F, Bengali0980–09FF, Gujarati0A80–0AFF, Gurmukhi0A00–0A7F, Oriya0B00–0B7F, Tamil0B80–0BFF, Kannada0C80–0CFF and Malayalam0D00–0D7F blocks were similarly all based on their ISCII encodings.
Telugu script, an abugida from the Brahmic family of scripts, is used to write the Telugu language, a language found in the South Indian states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana as well as several other neighbouring states. It gained prominence during the Vengi Chalukyan era. It shares high similarity with its sibling Kannada script.
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Kannada
(128 codes from 0C80–0CFF, Abugida, Language: Dravidian,
symbl.cc)
Kannada is a Unicode block containing characters for the Kannada and Tulu languages. In its original incarnation, the code points U+0C82..U+0CCD were a direct copy of the Kannada characters A2-ED from the 1988 ISCII standard. The Devanagari0900–097F, Bengali0980–09FF, Gujarati0A80–0AFF, Gurmukhi0A00–0A7F, Oriya0B00–0B7F, Tamil0B80–0BFF, Telugu0C00–0C7F, and Malayalam0D00–0D7F blocks were similarly all based on their ISCII encodings.
The Kannada alphabet is an abugida of the Brahmic family, used primarily to write the Kannada language, one of the Dravidian languages of southern India. Several minor languages, such as Tulu, Konkani, Kodava, and Beary, also use alphabets based on the Kannada script. The Kannada and Telugu0C00–0C7F scripts share high mutual intellegibility with each other, and are often considered to be regional variants of single script. Similarly, Goykanadi, a variant of Old Kannada, has been historically used to write Konkani in the state of Goa.
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Malayalam
(128 codes from 0D00–0D7F, Abugida, Language: Dravidian,
symbl.cc)
Malayalam is a Unicode block containing characters for the Malayalam language. In its original incarnation, the code points U+0D02..U+0D4D were a direct copy of the Malayalam characters A2-ED from the 1988 ISCII standard. The Devanagari0900–097F, Bengali0980–09FF, Gujarati0A80–0AFF, Gurmukhi0A00–0A7F, Oriya0B00–0B7F, Tamil0B80–0BFF, Telugu0C00–0C7F and Kannada0C80–0CFF blocks were similarly all based on their ISCII encodings.
The Malayalam script (Malayāḷalipi; IPA: ), also known as Kairali script, is a Brahmic script used commonly to write the Malayalam language—which is the principal language of the Indian state of Kerala, spoken by 35 million people in the world. Like many other Indic scripts, it is an alphasyllabary (abugida), a writing system that is partially “alphabetic” and partially syllable-based. The modern Malayalam alphabet has 15 vowel letters, 41 consonant letters, and a few other symbols. The Malayalam script is a Vattezhuttu script, which had been extended with Grantha script symbols to represent Indo-Aryan loanwords. The script is also used to write several minority languages such as Paniya, Betta Kurumba, and Ravula. The Malayalam language itself was historically written in several different scripts.
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Sinhala
(128 codes from 0D80–0DFF, Abugida, Language: Sinhalese, Sanskrit,
symbl.cc)
Sinhala is a Unicode block containing characters for the Sinhala and Pali languages of Sri Lanka, and is also used for writing Sanskrit in Sri Lanka. The Sinhala allocation is loosely based on the ISCII standard, except that Sinhala contains extra prenasalized consonant letters, leading to inconsistencies with other ISCII-Unicode script allocations.
The Sinhalese alphabet is an abugida used by the Sinhala people in Sri Lanka and elsewhere to write the Sinhala language and also the liturgical languages Pali and Sanskrit. Being a member of the Brahmic family of scripts, the Sinhalese script can trace its ancestry back more than 2,000 years.Sinhalese is often considered two alphabets, or an alphabet within an alphabet, due to the presence of two sets of letters. The core set, known as the śuddha siṃhala or eḷu hōḍiya, can represent all native phonemes. In order to render Sanskrit and Pali words, an extended set, the miśra siṃhala, is available.
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Thai
(128 codes from 0E00–0E7F, Abugida, Language: Thai,
symbl.cc)
Thai is a Unicode block containing characters for the Thai, Lanna Tai, and Pali languages. It is based on the Thai Industrial Standards 620-2529 and 620-2533.
Thai script (Thai: อักษรไทย; rtgs: akson thai; ʔàksɔ̌ːn tʰāj) is used to write the Thai language and other languages in Thailand. It has 44 consonant letters (Thai: พยัญชนะ, phayanchana), 15 vowel symbols (Thai: สระ, sara) that combine into at least 28 vowel forms, and four tone diacritics (Thai: วรรณยุกต์ or วรรณยุต, wannayuk or wannayut).Although commonly referred to as the “Thai alphabet”, the character set is in fact not a true alphabet but an abugida, a writing system in which each consonant may invoke an inherent vowel sound. In the case of the Thai script this is an implied ´a´ or ´o´. Consonants are written horizontally from left to right, with vowels arranged above, below, to the left, or to the right of the corresponding consonant, or in a combination of positions.Thai has its own set of Thai numerals which are based on the Hindu Arabic numeral system (Thai: เลขไทย, lek thai), but the standard western Hindu-Arabic numerals (Thai: เลขฮินดูอารบิก, lek hindu arabik) are also commonly used.
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Lao
(128 codes from 0E80–0EFF, Abugida, Language: Laotian,
symbl.cc)
Lao is a Unicode block containing characters for the languages of Laos. The characters of the Lao block allocated to be equivalent to the similarly positioned characters of the Thai block immediately preceding it.
The Lao alphabet, Akson Lao (Lao: ອັກສອນລາວ ʔáksɔ̌ːn láːw), is the main script used to write the Lao language and other minority languages in Laos. It is ultimately of Indic origin, the alphabet includes 27 consonants (ພະຍັນຊະນະ ), 7 consonantal ligatures (ພະຍັນຊະນະປະສົມ ), 33 vowels (ສະຫລະ ) (some based on combinations of symbols), and 4 tone marks (ວັນນະຍຸດ ). According to Article 89 of Amended Constitution of 2003 of the Lao People´s Democratic Republic, the Lao alphabet is the official script to the official language, but is also used to transcribe minority languages in the country, but some minority language speakers continue to use their traditional writing systems while the Hmong have adopted the Roman Alphabet. An older version of the script was also used by the ethnic Lao of Thailand´s Isan region, who make up a third of Thailand´s population, before Isan was incorporated into Siam, until its use was banned and supplemented with the very similar Thai alphabet in 1871, although the region remained distant culturally and politically until further government campaigns and integration into the Thai state (Thaification) were imposed in the 20th century. The letters of the Lao Alphabet are very similar to the Thai alphabet, which has the same roots. They differ in the fact, that in Thai there are still more letters to write one sound and the more circular style of writing in Lao.Lao, like most indic scripts, is traditionally written from left to right. Traditionally considered an abugida script, where certain ´implied´ vowels are unwritten, recent spelling reforms make this definition somewhat problematic, as all vowel sounds today are marked with diacritics when written according the Lao PDR´s propagated and promoted spelling standard. However most Lao outside of Laos, and many inside Laos, continue to write according to former spelling standards, which continues the use of the implied vowel maintaining the Lao script´s status as an abugida. Vowels can be written above, below, in front of, or behind consonants, with some vowel combinations written before, over and after. Spaces for separating words and punctuations were traditionally not used, but a space is used and functions in place of a comma or period. The letters have no majuscule or minuscule (upper and lower case) differentiations.
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Tibetan
(256 codes from 0F00–0FFF, Abugida, Language: Tibetan,
symbl.cc)
Tibetan is a Unicode block containing characters for the Tibetan, Dzongkha, and other languages of Tibet, Bhutan, Nepal, and northern India. The Tibetan Unicode block is unique for having been allocated as a standard virama-based encoding for version 1.0, removed from the Unicode Standard when unifying with ISO 10646 for version 1.1, then reintroduced as an explicit root/subjoined encoding, with a larger block size in version 2.0.
The Tibetan alphabet is an abugida of Indic origin used to write the Tibetan language as well as Dzongkha, the Sikkimese language, Ladakhi, and sometimes Balti. The printed form of the alphabet is called uchen script (Wylie: dbu-can; “with a head”) while the hand-written cursive form used in everyday writing is called umê script (Wylie: dbu-med; “headless”).The alphabet is very closely linked to a broad ethnic Tibetan identity. Besides Tibet, it has also been used for Tibetan languages in Bhutan, India, Nepal, and Pakistan. The Tibetan alphabet is ancestral to the Limbu alphabet, the Lepcha alphabet, and the multilingual ´Phags-pa script.The Tibetan alphabet is romanized in a variety of ways. This article employs the Wylie transliteration system.
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Myanmar
(160 codes from 1000–109F, Abugida, Language: Burmese,
symbl.cc)
The Burmese script (MLCTS: mranma akkha.ra; pronounced: ) is an abugida in the Brahmic family, used for writing Burmese. It is an adaptation of the Old Mon script or the Pyu script. In recent decades, other alphabets using the Mon script, including Shan and Mon itself, have been restructured according to the standard of the now-dominant Burmese alphabet. Besides the Burmese language, the Burmese alphabet is also used for the liturgical languages of Pali and Sanskrit.The characters are rounded in appearance because the traditional palm leaves used for writing on with a stylus would have been ripped by straight lines. It is written from left to right and requires no spaces between words, although modern writing usually contains spaces after each clause to enhance readability.The earliest evidence of the Burmese alphabet is dated to 1035, while a casting made in the 18th century of an old stone inscription points to 984. Burmese calligraphy originally followed a square format but the cursive format took hold from the 17th century when popular writing led to the wider use of palm leaves and folded paper known as parabaiks. The alphabet has undergone considerable modification to suit the evolving phonology of the Burmese language.There are several systems of transliteration into the Latin alphabet; for this article, the MLC Transcription System is used.
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Georgian
(96 codes from 10A0–10FF, Alphabet, Language: Georgian, Abkhazian,
symbl.cc)
Georgian is a Unicode block containing the Mkhedruli and Asomtavruli Georgian characters used to write Modern Georgian, Svan, and Mingrelian languages. Another lower case, Nuskhuri, is encoded in a separate Georgian Supplement block, which is used with the Asomtavruli to write the ecclesiastical Khutsuri Georgian script.
The Georgian scripts are the three writing systems used to write the Georgian language: Asomtavruli, Nuskhuri and Mkhedruli. Their letters are equivalent, sharing the same names and alphabetical order and all three are unicameral (make no distinction between upper and lower case). Although each continues to be used, Mkhedruli (see below) is taken as the standard for Georgian and its related Kartvelian languages.The scripts originally had 38 letters. Georgian is currently written in a 33-letter alphabet, as five of the letters are obsolete in that language. The Mingrelian alphabet uses 36: the 33 of Georgian, one letter obsolete for that language, and two additional letters specific to Mingrelian and Svan. That same obsolete letter, plus a letter borrowed from Greek, are used in the 35-letter Laz alphabet. The fourth Kartvelian language, Svan, is not commonly written, but when it is it uses the letters of the Mingrelian alphabet, with an additional obsolete Georgian letter and sometimes supplemented by diacritics for its many vowels.
- ↑
Hangul Jamo
(256 codes from 1100–11FF, Abugida, Language: Korean,
symbl.cc)
Hangul Jamo is a Unicode block containing positional (Choseong, Jungseong, and Jongseong) forms of the Hangul consonant and vowel clusters. They can be used to dynamically compose syllables that are not available as precomposed Hangul syllables in Unicode, specifically archaic syllables containing sounds that have since merged phonetically with other sounds in modern pronunciation.
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Ethiopic
(384 codes from 1200–137F, Abugida,
symbl.cc)
The Ethiopian script (Ge´ez alphabet — ግዕዝ) is an abugida (consonant-syllabic script) originally developed to register the ancient Ethiopian language called Geez in the state of Aksum. The languages that use the Ethiopian script have it go by the name of Fidäl (ፊደል), which means ´writing´ or ´alphabet´.
The Ethiopian script continues to be very convenient for writing other languages too. The most common is Amharic and Tigrinya from Eritrea and Ethiopia. It is also used for some of the ´Gurage´ languages, as well as Meken and many other Ethiopian languages. Eritrea employs it for Tigre and traditionally for the Kush language called Bilin. But they were not the only ones to use the Ethiopian script. For example, it can also be found in some other Horn of Africa languages, like Oromo. However, in Oromo they switched to alphabets based on Latin.
In 1956 there lived a man who contributed a lot to the development of the Ethiopian alphabet. His name was Sheikh Bakri Sapalo, he was a scholar, poet, and religious teacher. He invented a sillabarium (writing system), which resembled the Ethiopian in structure. Its basic characters served as the basis for the Oromo language.
- ↑
Ethiopic Supplement
(32 codes from 1380–139F, Abugida,
symbl.cc)
Ethiopic Supplement is a Unicode block containing extra Ge´ez characters for writing the Sebatbeit language, and Ethiopic tone marks.
- ↑
Cherokee
(96 codes from 13A0–13FF, Syllabary, Language: Cherokee,
symbl.cc)
The Cherokee script is a syllabic script invented by the Indian George Hess (also known as George Gist or tribe chief Sequoia) for the Cherokee language in 1819. His creation of the syllabary is particularly noteworthy, because he couldn´t read any script. He first experimented with logograms, but his system later developed into a syllabary.
The descendants of Sequoia claim that the script was invented much earlier than when Sequoiawas born, so his role was reduced to being the last member of a special clan who guarded this script, but there is no confirmation or evidence of this.
A year later, in 1820, thousands of Cherokee learned to write and read in this script. In 1830 90% of the Indians of this tribe mastered literacy and writing skills.
The Cherokee script was used for more than a hundred years. It was published in books, religious texts, almanacs and newspapers (in particular, the Cherokee Phoenix newspaper).
Today this script still exists and plays a very important role in the life of the Cherokee. For example, you need to speak and write Cherokee to get the status of a full member of the tribe. In addition, the authorities are trying to revive and popularize both the writing and the Cherokee language.
The writing system consists of 85 syllabic signs. Some of them resemble Latin letters, but have a completely different meaning (for example, the sign for /a/ reminds of D).
Not all phonemic oppositions are marked in writing. For example, /g/ and /k/ differ only in syllables with /a/. In the alphabet there are also no marks for the length and brevity of vowels and tonal differences. Besides, there is no accepted way to express consonant combinations.
In this system, each symbol represents a syllable rather than a single phoneme. Some symbols do resemble the Latin, Greek and even Cyrillic scripts´ letters, but the sounds are completely different (for example, the sound /a/ is written with a letter that resembles Latin /d/).
- ↑
Unified Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics
(640 codes from 1400–167F, Abugida, Language: Cree,
symbl.cc)
Unified Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics is a Unicode block containing characters for writing Inuktitut, Carrier, several dialects of Cree, and Canadian Athabascan languages. You can find the additions for some Cree dialects, Ojibwe, in the Unified Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics Extended block.
Canadian Aboriginal syllabic writing, or simply syllabics, is a family of abugidas (consonant-based alphabets) used to write a number of Aboriginal Canadian languages of the Algonquian, Inuit, and (formerly) Athabaskan language families. They are valued for their distinctiveness from the Latin script of the dominant languages and for the ease with which literacy can be achieved. In fact, by the late 19th century the Cree had achieved one of the highest rates of literacy in the world.
Canadian syllabics are currently used to write all of the Cree languages from Naskapi (spoken in Quebec) to the Rocky Mountains, including Eastern Cree, Woods Cree, Swampy Cree and Plains Cree. You can also see them as Inuktitut texts in the eastern Canadian Arctic. Actually these Canadian syllabics perform as co-official with the Latin script in the territory of Nunavut.
Apart from that, this script is met regionally for the other large Canadian Algonquian language, Ojibwe in Western Canada, as well as for Blackfoot, where the alphabet is actually considered obsolete. Among the Athabaskan languages further to the west, the syllabics have been used to write Dakelh (Carrier), Chipewyan, Slavey, Tłı̨chǫ (Dogrib) and Dane-zaa (Beaver).
As for the United States, you may come across this kind of writing in communities that straddle the border, but it´s mostly a Canadian phenomenon.
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Ogham
(32 codes from 1680–169F, Alphabet, Language: Primitive Irish, Pictish,
symbl.cc)
Ogham is a Unicode block containing characters for representing Old Irish inscriptions.
Ogham /ˈɒɡəm/ (Modern Irish ˈoːmˠ or ˈoːəmˠ; Old Irish: ogam ˈɔɣamˠ) is an Early Medieval alphabet used primarily to write the early Irish language (in the so-called “orthodox” inscriptions, 4th to 6th centuries), and later the Old Irish language (so-called scholastic ogham, 6th to 9th centuries). There are roughly 400 surviving orthodox inscriptions on stone monuments throughout Ireland and western Britain; the bulk of them are in the south of Ireland, in Counties Kerry, Cork and Waterford. The largest number outside of Ireland is in Pembrokeshire in Wales.The vast majority of the inscriptions consist of personal names.According to the High Medieval Bríatharogam, names of various trees can be ascribed to individual letters.The etymology of the word ogam or ogham remains unclear. One possible origin is from the Irish og-úaim ´point-seam´, referring to the seam made by the point of a sharp weapon.
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Runic
(96 codes from 16A0–16FF, Alphabet, Language: Old Italic, Runic,
symbl.cc)
Runic is a Unicode block containing characters for writing Futhark runic inscriptions. Although many of the characters appear similar, they should not be confused with the J.R.R. Tolkien-designed Cirth, which has a separate ConScript Unicode Registry encoding. However, in Unicode 7.0 some additional Runic characters were added, including three Runic characters that were used only by Tolkien, for example in the maps of Hobbit: these are different from Cirth.
Runes (Proto-Norse: ᚱᚢᚾᛟ (runo), Old Norse: rún) are the letters in a set of related alphabets known as runic alphabets, which were used to write various Germanic languages before the adoption of the Latin alphabet and for specialised purposes thereafter. The Scandinavian variants are also known as futhark or fuþark (derived from their first six letters of the alphabet: F, U, Þ, A, R, and K); the Anglo-Saxon variant is futhorc or fuþorc (due to sound changes undergone in Old English by the names of those six letters).
Runology is the study of the runic alphabets, runic inscriptions, runestones, and their history. Runology forms a specialised branch of Germanic linguistics.
The earliest runic inscriptions date from around 150 AD. The characters were generally replaced by the Latin alphabet as the cultures that had used runes underwent Christianisation, by approximately 700 AD in central Europe and 1100 AD in northern Europe. However, the use of runes persisted for specialized purposes in northern Europe. Until the early 20th century, runes were used in rural Sweden for decorative purposes in Dalarna and on Runic calendars.
The three best-known runic alphabets are the Elder Futhark (around 150–800 AD), the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc (400–1100 AD), and the Younger Futhark (800–1100 AD). The Younger Futhark is divided further into the long-branch runes (also called Danish, although they were also used in Norway and Sweden); short-branch or Rök runes (also called Swedish-Norwegian, although they were also used in Denmark); and the stavlösa or Hälsinge runes (staveless runes). The Younger Futhark developed further into the Marcomannic runes, the Medieval runes (1100–1500 AD), and the Dalecarlian runes (around 1500–1800 AD).
Historically, the runic alphabet is a derivation of the Old Italic alphabets of antiquity, with the addition of some innovations. Which variant of the Old Italic family in particular gave rise to the runes is uncertain. Suggestions include Raetic, Etruscan, or Old Latin as candidates. At the time, all of these scripts had the same angular letter shapes suited for epigraphy, which would become characteristic of the runes.
The process of transmission of the script is unknown. The oldest inscriptions are found in Denmark and northern Germany, not near Italy. A “West Germanic hypothesis” suggests transmission via Elbe Germanic groups, while a “Gothic hypothesis” presumes transmission via East Germanic expansion.
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Tagalog
(32 codes from 1700–171F, Abugida, Language: Tagalog, Runic,
symbl.cc)
Tagalog is a Unicode block containing characters of the pre-Spanish Philippine Baybayin script used for writing the Tagalog language.
Tagalog /təˈɡɑːlɒɡ/ (Tagalog: ) is an Austronesian language spoken as a first language by a quarter of the population of the Philippines and as a second language by the majority. It is the first language of the Philippine region IV (CALABARZON and MIMAROPA), of Bulacan and of Metro Manila. Its standardized form, officially named Filipino, is the national language and one of two official languages of the Philippines, the other being English.It is related to other Philippine languages such as the Bikol languages, Ilokano, the Visayan languages, and Kapampangan, and more distantly to other Austronesian languages such as Indonesian, Hawaiian and Malagasy.
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Hanunoo
(32 codes from 1720–173F, Abugida, Language: Hanunoo,
symbl.cc)
Hanunoo is a Unicode block containing characters used for writing the Hanunó´o language.
Hanunó’o is one of the indigenous scripts of the Philippines and is used by the Mangyan peoples of southern Mindoro to write the Hanunó´o language. It is an abugida descended from the Brahmic scripts, closely related to Baybayin, and is famous for being written vertical but written upward, rather than downward as nearly all other scripts (however, it´s read horizontally left to right). It is usually written on bamboo by incising characters with a knife. Most known Hanunó´o inscriptions are relatively recent because of the perishable nature of bamboo. It is therefore difficult to trace the history of the script.
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Buhid
(32 codes from 1740–175F, Abugida, Language: Buhid,
symbl.cc)
Buhid is a Unicode block containing characters for writing the Buhid language of the Philippines.
Buhid is a Brahmic script of the Philippines, closely related to Baybayin, and is used today by the Mangyans to write their language, Buhid.
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Tagbanwa
(32 codes from 1760–177F, Abugida,
symbl.cc)
Tagbanwa is a Unicode block containing characters for writing the Tagbanwa languages.
Tagbanwa, also known as Apurahuano, is one of the writing systems of the Philippines. The Tagbanwa languages (Aborlan, Calamian, and Central), which are Austronesian languages with about 8,000 speakers in the central and northern regions of Palawan, are dying out as the younger generations of Tagbanwa are learning Cuyonon and Tagalog.
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Khmer
(128 codes from 1780–17FF, Abugida, Language: Khmer,
symbl.cc)
Khmer is a Unicode block containing characters for writing the Khmer, or Cambodian, language.
The Khmer alphabet or Khmer script (IPA: ʔaʔsɑː kʰmaːe) is an abugida, which means that it´s a consonant-driven script. It´s used to write the Khmer language (the official language of Cambodia). Apart from that, the script is applied for Pali in the Buddhist liturgy of Cambodia and Thailand.
The origins of Khmer go back to the Pallava script, which it was adopted from. Pallava is a variant of the Grantha alphabet descended from the Brahmi script, which was used in southern India and South East Asia during the 5th and 6th centuries AD. I know, this chain seems complicated, but doesn´t all linguistics? Anyway, the oldest Khmer inscription was found at Angkor Borei District in Takéo Province south of Phnom Penh and it dates back to 611.
As for the modern Khmer script, it differs a lot from its precedent forms on the inscriptions of the Angkor ruins. The Thai0E00–0E7F and Lao0E80–0EFF scripts have descended from an older form of the Khmer script.
Khmer is written from left to right. Words within one sentence or phrase usually come together with no spaces between them. Consonant clusters within a word are “stacked”, with the second (and occasionally third) consonant being written in reduced form under the main consonant. Originally there were 35 consonant characters, but modern Khmer uses only 33. Each character in fact represents a consonant sound together with an inherent vowel – either â or ô.
You might remember that Khmer is an abugida. That´s why vowel sounds are more commonly represented as dependent vowels – additional marks accompanying a consonant character, and indicating what vowel sound is to be pronounced after that consonant (or consonant cluster). Most dependent vowels have two different pronunciations, depending in most cases on the inherent vowel of the consonant to which they are added. In some positions, a consonant written with no dependent vowel is taken to be followed by the sound of its inherent vowel.
Needless to say, there are also a number of diacritics used to indicate further modifications in pronunciation. The script also includes its own numerals and punctuation marks.
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Mongolian
(176 codes from 1800–18AF, Alphabet, Language: Mongolian,
symbl.cc)
Mongolian is a Unicode block containing characters for dialects of Mongolian, Manchu, and Sibe languages. It is traditionally written in vertical lines Top-Down, right across the page, although the Unicode code charts cite the characters rotated to horizontal orientation.
Many alphabets have been devised for the Mongolian language over the centuries, and from a variety of scripts. The oldest, called simply the Mongolian script, has been the predominant script during most of Mongolian history, and is still in active use today in the Inner Mongolia region of China. It has spawned several alphabets, either as attempts to fix its perceived shortcomings, or to allow the notation of other languages, such as Sanskrit and Tibetan0F00–0FFF. In the 20th century, Mongolia first switched to the Latin script, and then almost immediately replaced it with the Cyrillic script for compatibility with the Soviet Union, its political ally of the time. Mongols in Inner Mongolia and other parts of China, on the other hand, continue to use alphabets based on the traditional Mongolian script.
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Unified Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics Extended
(80 codes from 18B0–18FF, Abugida, Language: Cree,
symbl.cc)
Unified Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics Extended is a Unicode block containing extensions to the Canadian syllabics contained in the Unified Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics Unicode block for some dialects of Cree, Ojibwe, Dene, and Carrier.
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Limbu
(80 codes from 1900–194F, Abugida, Language: Limbu,
symbl.cc)
The Limbu script is used to write the Limbu language. The Limbu script is an abugida derived from the Tibetan script.
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Tai Le
(48 codes from 1950–197F, Abugida,
symbl.cc)
Tai Le is the name of Tai Nüa script, the script used for the Tai Nüa language.Tai Nüa (Tai Nüa: ᥖᥭᥰᥖᥬᥳᥑᥨᥒᥰ) (also called Tai Nɯa, Dehong Dai, or Chinese Shan; own name: Tai2 Lə6, which means “upper Tai” or “northern Tai”, or ᥖᥭᥰᥖᥬᥳᥑᥨᥒᥰ ; Chinese: Dǎinǎyǔ 傣哪语 or Déhóng Dǎiyǔ 德宏傣语; Thai: ภาษาไทเหนือ, pronounced or ภาษาไทใต้คง, pronounced ) is one of the languages spoken by the Dai people in China, especially in the Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture in the southwest of Yunnan province. It is closely related to the other Tai languages. Speakers of this language across the border in Myanmar are known as Shan. It should not be confused with Tai Lü (Xishuangbanna Dai). There are also Tai Nüa speakers in Thailand.
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New Tai Lue
(96 codes from 1980–19DF, Alphabet,
symbl.cc)
New Tai Lue is a Unicode block containing characters for writing the Tai Lü language.
New Tai Lue script, also known as Simplified Tai Lue, is an alphabet used to write the Tai Lü language. Developed in China in the 1950s, New Tai Lue is based on the traditional Tai Le alphabet developed ca. 1200 AD. The government of China promoted the alphabet for use as a replacement for the older script; teaching the script was not mandatory, however, and as a result many are illiterate in New Thai Lue. In addition, communities in Burma, Laos, Thailand and Vietnam still use the Tai Le alphabet.
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Khmer Symbols
(32 codes from 19E0–19FF,
symbl.cc)
Khmer Anz is a Unicode block containing lunar date symbols, used in the writing system of the Khmer (Cambodian) language.
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Buginese
(32 codes from 1A00–1A1F, Abugida, Language: Buginese, Makassarese, Mandar,
symbl.cc)
Buginese is a Unicode block containing characters for writing the Buginese language of Sulawesi.
The Lontara script is a Brahmic script traditionally used for the Bugis, Makassarese, and Mandar languages of Sulawesi in Indonesia. It is also known as the Buginese script, as Lontara documents written in this language are the most numerous. It was largely replaced by the Latin alphabet during the period of Dutch colonization, though it is still used today to a limited extent. The term Lontara is derived from the Malay name for palmyra palm, lontar, whose leaves are traditionally used for manuscripts. In Buginese, this script is called urupu sulapa eppa which means “four-cornered letters”, referencing the Bugis-Makasar belief of the four elements that shaped the universe: fire, water, air, and earth.
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Tai Tham
(144 codes from 1A20–1AAF, Abugida,
symbl.cc)
Tai Tham is a Unicode block containing characters of the Lanna script used for writing the Northern Thai (Kam Mu´ang), Tai Lü, and Khün languages.
The Tai Tham script (Northern Thai pronunciation: , tua mueanɡ; Tai Lü: ᦒᧄ , Tham, “scripture”), also known as the Lanna script or Tua Mueang, is used for three living languages: Northern Thai (that is, Kham Mueang), Tai Lü and Khün. In addition, the Lanna script is used for Lao Tham (or old Lao) and other dialect variants in Buddhist palm leaves and notebooks. The script is also known as Tham or Yuan script.The Northern Thai language is a close relative of Thai and member of the Chiang Saeng language family. It is spoken by nearly 6,000,000 people in Northern Thailand and several thousand in Laos of whom few are literate in Lanna script. The script is still read by older monks. Northern Thai has six linguistic tones and Thai only five, making transcription into the Thai alphabet problematic. There is some resurgent interest in the script among younger people, but an added complication is that the modern spoken form, called Kammuang, differs in pronunciation from the older form.There are 670,000 speakers of Tai Lü of whom those born before 1950 are literate in Lanna script. The script has also continued to be taught in the monasteries. There are 120,000 speakers of Khün for which Lanna is the only script.
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Combining Diacritical Marks Extended
(80 codes from 1AB0–1AFF,
symbl.cc)
Combining Diacritical Marks Extended is a Unicode block containing diactritical marks used in German dialectology.
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Balinese
(128 codes from 1B00–1B7F, Abugida, Language: Balinese, Sasak,
symbl.cc)
Balinese is a Unicode block containing characters for the basa Bali language.
The Balinese script, natively known as Aksara Bali and Hanacaraka, is an abugida used in the island of Bali, Indonesia, commonly for writing the Austronesian Balinese language, Old Javanese, and the liturgical language Sanskrit. With some modifications, the script is also used to write the Sasak language, used in the neighboring island of Lombok. The script is a descendant of the Brahmi script, and so has many similarities with the modern scripts of South and Southeast Asia. The Balinese script, along with the Javanese script, is considered the most elaborate and ornate among Brahmic scripts of Southeast Asia.Though everyday use of the script has largely been supplanted by the Latin alphabet, the Balinese script has significant prevalence in many of the island´s traditional ceremonies and is strongly associated with the Hindu religion. The script is mainly used today for copying lontar or palm leaf manuscripts containing religious texts.
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Sundanese
(64 codes from 1B80–1BBF, Abugida, Language: Sundanese,
symbl.cc)
Sundanese is a Unicode block containing modern characters for writing the Sundanese language of the island of Java.
Sundanese script (Aksara Sunda) is a writing system which is used by the Sundanese people. It is built based on Old Sundanese script (Aksara Sunda Kuno) which was used by the ancient Sundanese between the 14th and 18th centuries.
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Batak
(64 codes from 1BC0–1BFF, Abugida, Language: Batak,
symbl.cc)
Batak is a Unicode block containing characters for writing the Batak dialects of Karo, Mandailing, Pakpak, Simalungun, and Toba.
The Batak script, natively known as surat Batak, surat na sapulu sia (the nineteen letters), or si-sia-sia, is an abugida used to write the Austronesian Batak languages spoken by several million people on the Indonesian island of Sumatra. The script may derived from the Kawi and Pallava script, ultimately derived from the Brahmi script of India, or from the hypothetical Proto-Sumatran script influenced by Pallava.
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Lepcha
(80 codes from 1C00–1C4F, Abugida, Language: Lepcha,
symbl.cc)
Lepcha (also known as Rong or Rong-Ring) is a Unicode block containing characters for writing the Lepcha language of Sikkim and West Bengal, India.
The specific feature of this alphabet is that it´s an abugida (consonant alphabet, where the vowels depend a lot on the consonants). However, it´s a bit unusual for abugidas that the syllabic endings of the words in Lepcha are written with the diacritical marks.
The Lepcha script comes from the Tibetan script, possibly with some influence from the . The tradition suggests that the script was devised at the beginning of the 18th century by prince Chakdor Namgyal of the Namgyal dynasty of Sikkim, or by scholar Thikúng Men Salóng in the 17th century. The early Lecha manuscripts were written vertically, apparently, under Chinese influence. However, later they switched to horizontal writing, but the letters kept their orientation, rotated 90 degrees from their Tibetan prototypes. This was reflected in the unusual way of writing final consonants. As for the rotation, it must have happened in the XVIII century.
The Lepcha script used to be in action long before now, and a lot of books were published in this writing. At the end of XIX and the beginning of XX centuries it was really blooming, but for a short period of time. It is believed that nowadays it´s no longer in use.
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Ol Chiki
(48 codes from 1C50–1C7F, Alphabet, Language: Santali,
symbl.cc)
Ol Chiki is a Unicode block containing the Ol Chiki symbols. It was also called the Ol Cemet´ (Santali: ol ´writing´, cemet ´ ´learning´) script, and it was used for writing the Santali language during the early 20th century. It was created by Raghunath Murmu in 1925.
Santali used to be written with the Latin alphabet. However, since Santali is not an Indo-Aryan language (like most other languages in the south of India), Indic scripts did not have letters for all of Santali´s phonemes, especially its stop consonants and vowels, which made it difficult to write the language accurately in an unmodified Indic script.
The detailed analysis was given by Dr. Byomkes Chakrabarti in his ´Comparative Study of Santali and Bengali´. Missionaries (first of all Paul Olaf Bodding, a Norwegian) brought the Latin script, which is better at representing Santali stops, phonemes and nasal sounds with the use of diacritical marks and accents.
Unlike most Indic scripts, which have been derived from Brahmi, Ol Chiki is not an abugida. When other Indic scripts were driven by consonants, the Ol Chiki vowels are given equal representation with consonants. In addition, it was designed specifically for the language, but it was impossible to aassign one letter to each phoneme because the sixth vowel in Ol Chiki was still problematic.
Ol Chiki has 30 letters, the forms of which are intended to repeat the natural shapes of the letters. This was confirmed by the linguist Norman Zide, who said “The shapes of the letters are not arbitrary, but reflect the names for the letters, which are words, usually the names of objects or actions representing conventionalized form in the pictorial shape of the characters.” It is written from left to right.
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Cyrillic Extended-C
(16 codes from 1C80–1C8F, Alphabet,
symbl.cc)
This set represents additional letters included in the earliest cyrillic alphabet — Old Slavic. It was created in the first Bulgarian kingdom in the 9th century and it contained 48 letters. Later it was used for the Church Slavonic language.
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Georgian Extended
(48 codes from 1C90–1CBF,
symbl.cc)
Georgian script Mkhedruli doesn´t have capital letters. The sentences in Mkhedruli usually start with the lowercase. The capital variants of the Georgian letters make up a separate font Mtavruli, which you can see in this Unicode block. It is used to write text in uppercase or highlight an important word.
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Sundanese Supplement
(16 codes from 1CC0–1CCF, Abugida, Language: Sundanese,
symbl.cc)
Sundanese Supplement is a Unicode block containing punctuation characters for Sundanese.
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Vedic Extensions
(48 codes from 1CD0–1CFF,
symbl.cc)
Vedic Extensions is a Unicode block containing characters for representing tones and other vedic symbols in Devanagari and other Indic scripts.
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Phonetic Extensions
(128 codes from 1D00–1D7F,
symbl.cc)
Phonetic Extensions is a Unicode block containing phonetic characters used in the Uralic Phonetic Alphabet, Old Irish phonetic notation, the Oxford English dictionary and American dictionaries, and Americanist and Russianist phonetic notations. Its character set is continued in the following Unicode block, Phonetic Extensions Supplement.
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Phonetic Extensions Supplement
(64 codes from 1D80–1DBF,
symbl.cc)
Phonetic Extensions Supplement is a Unicode block containing characters for specialized and deprecated forms of the International Phonetic Alphabet.
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Combining Diacritical Marks Supplement
(64 codes from 1DC0–1DFF,
symbl.cc)
Combining Diacritical Marks Supplement is a Unicode block containing combining characters for the Uralic Phonetic Alphabet and Medievalist notations. It is an extension of the diacritic characters found in the Combining Diacritical Marks0300–036F block. They are mostly applied in consonant and syllabic systems not as independent characters, but rather as additional or supplemental signs which change or make the meaning more clear.
Sometimes diacritical signs are required to be smaller than the letters.
As for the synonymous names, they include the following: glyphs, accents (which is more narrow in terms of meaning and context), the already mentioned diacritics (which is a professional term that linguists use a lot). Needless to say, a system of diacritics that refers to some script or text is also called a diacritic.
You might be wondering, how many diacritics can be used with one letter? Sometimes one letter may have more than two diacritics at the same time. Just like in the following examples: ặ, ṩ, ᶑ.
The vocal symbols in alphabets like Hebrew, Arabic, and Syriac can be often confused with diacritis due to their similar appearance. However, they mostly act as a special type of letters, so they carry different functions.
When do we use diacritics? Diacritics come in handy if the letters in an alphabet are not enough to express some sounds or meanings. The main alternatives for diacritics are various combinations of two letters (digraphs), three letters or more that convey one sound. For instance, the sound /sh/ is a digraph in English as it is in French /ch/, whereas in German it will be a trigraph /sch/. Are there languages that convey this sound with one letter? Yes, sure, it´s clearly reflected in Czech /š/. Plus, in this case we´re dealing with a diacritic, which plays the role of this pronunciation facilitator.
Diacritics are used both with consonant and vowel letters. The key drawback of diacritics is that they fill the writing with tiny little details, which are extremely important, and if you forget or skip one, it can lead to serious mistakes and consequences. However, we know a lot of languages which don´t use diacritics at all (English) or just a little (Russian). In some cases there´s a tendency of replacing diacritical letters with digraphs. The German sound /ö/ becomes /ое/ in the textual versions, but since the introduction of umlaut, this phenomenon is almost out of use.
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Latin Extended Additional
(256 codes from 1E00–1EFF,
symbl.cc)
Latin Extended Additional is a block of the Unicode standard.
The characters in this block are mostly precomposed combinations of Latin letters with one or more general diacritical marks. There are also a few Medievalist characters.
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Greek Extended
(256 codes from 1F00–1FFF,
symbl.cc)
Greek Extended is a Unicode block containing the accented vowels necessary for writing polytonic Greek. The regular, unaccented Greek characters can be found in the Greek and Coptic (Unicode block). Greek Extended was encoded in version 1.1 of the Unicode Standard as is, having had no additions up to 6.2. As an alternative to Greek Extended, combining characters can be used to represent the tones and breath marks of polytonic Greek.
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General Punctuation
(112 codes from 2000–206F,
symbl.cc)
General Punctuation is a Unicode block containing punctuation, spacing, and formatting characters for use with all scripts and writing systems. Included are the defined-width spaces, joining formats, directional formats, smart quotes, archaic and novel punctuation such as the interobang, and invisible mathematical operators.
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Superscripts and Subscripts
(48 codes from 2070–209F,
symbl.cc)
Superscripts and Subscripts is a Unicode block containing superscript and subscript numerals, mathematical operators, and letters used in mathematics and phonetics. Other superscript letters can be found in the Spacing Modifier Letters, Phonetic Extensions and Phonetic Extensions Supplement blocks, while the superscript 1, 2, and 3, inherited from ISO 8859-1, were included in the Latin-1 Supplement block.
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Currency Symbols
(48 codes from 20A0–20CF,
symbl.cc)
This is a Unicode block containing characters for representing unique monetary signs or currencies. Many currency signs can be found in other Unicode blocks, especially if a currency symbol is not unique for a particular country.
The currency signs (or currency symbols) are, first of all, independent graphemes, which appeared a long time ago and were built on the basis of separate cyrillic letters or Latin letters. Some of them were introduced in the XVII—XVIII centuries as a result of script evolution, since various currency names were shortened to simple marks and symbols. A great example is, for instance, the symbols oa dollar $ and pound £, plus the symbol of rouble, dating back to the XVII—XIX centuries. Another group of symbols was born at the end of the XX century — the beginning of the XXI century. The reason for that was the decision made by the government and authorities that ruled during that time. Such marks include euro €, Armenian dram ֏, Indian rupee ₹.
Every world currency has an assigned code, used on currency exchange markets, and a currency code symbol which is typically used when pricing goods in a store, or dishes in a restaurant for example. Some of them might be familiar — some less so. If you’re wondering which currency symbol you need, we have an idea for you: just explore this page and find the ones that interest you. It´s especially important to distinguish between these signs if you are an intrepid traveller and love to visit different countries.
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Combining Diacritical Marks for Symbols
(48 codes from 20D0–20FF,
symbl.cc)
Combining Diacritical Marks for Anz is a Unicode block containing Arrows2190–21FF, dots, enclosures, and overlays for modifying symbol characters.
Talking about linguistics, how can we characterize the diacritical marks? Basically, those are various subscript and superscript symbols, which are applied in letter-alphabets (including consonant-alphabets, like abugidas) and syllable alphabets. Their main feature is that they act not as separate and independent symbols, but as additional marks for changing or narrowing the meaning of a particular sound or letter. Sometimes diacritics are supposed to be smaller than the letter itself.
Synonymous names: accents (more specific), diacritics (professional discourse). Needless to say, a system of diacritics that refers to some script or text is also called a diacritic.
Sometimes one letter may have more than two diacritics at the same time. Just like in the following examples: ặ, ṩ, ᶑ.
The vocal symbols in alphabets like Hebrew, Arabic, and Syriac can be often confused with diacritics due to their similar appearance. However, they mostly act as a special type of letters, so they carry different functions.
When do we use diacritics? Diacritics come in handy if the letters in an alphabet are not enough to express some sounds or meanings. The main alternatives for diacritics are various combinations of two letters (digraphs), three letters or more that convey one sound. For instance, the sound /sh/ is a digraph in English as it is in French /ch/, whereas in German it will be a trigraph /sch/. Are there languages that convey this sound with one letter? Yes, sure, it´s clearly reflected in Czech /š/. Plus, in this case we´re dealing with a diacritic, which plays the role of this pronunciation facilitator.
Diacritics are used both with consonant and vowel letters. The key drawback of diacritics is that they fill the writing with tiny little details, which are extremely important, and if you forget or skip one, it can lead to serious mistakes and consequences. However, we know a lot of languages which don´t use diacritics at all (English) or just a little (Russian). In some cases there´s a tendency of replacing diacritical letters with digraphs. The German sound /ö/ becomes /ое/ in the textual versions, but since the introduction of umlaut, this phenomenon is almost out of use.
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Letterlike Symbols
(80 codes from 2100–214F,
symbl.cc)
Letterlike Anz is a Unicode block containing 80 characters which are mostly built of the glyphs of one or more letters. In addition to this block, Unicode includes stylized mathematical alphabets, although Unicode does not really categorise these characters as being “letterlike”.
Most of the symbols are perfect for decorating texts, posts, and making your nicknames or bio on various websites stand out.
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Number Forms
(64 codes from 2150–218F,
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Number Forms is a Unicode block containing characters which have specific meaning as numbers, but are built from other characters. They consist primarily of simple fractions and Roman numerals. In addition to the characters in the Number Forms block, three fractions were inherited from ISO-8859-1 which was incorporated as a whole Latin-1 supplement block.
Unfortunately, here you won´t find the fraction to talk about the mysterious platform from Harry Potter. Yes, you´ll have to type 9 3/4 with your own fingers. However, if you want to say that for this particular pizza you´ll need ⅖ glasses of flour, ⅔ plates of mozzarella crust and ⅞ spoons of patience — you´ve come to the right place. Apart from recipes, you can use these symbols for evaluating your classmate´s performance in a school project: ↉ objectives achieved, ⅒ subjects passed.
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Arrows
(112 codes from 2190–21FF,
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Arrows is a Unicode block containing lines, curves, and semicircle symbols terminating in barbs or arrows. It´s interesting that even arrows have categories: Unicode divides them into two groups in particular: simple arrows and arrows with modifications, not to mention the arrows with bent tips. Some arrows feel lonely when they travel alone, so they go in pairs.
The general objectives of arrows (both in real life and Unicode) are to mark directions, connections, relations, logical assumptions, implications, and computer buttons. The main directions include the key four: up, down, left, right. However, some signs are coded in eight variants.
What else can you use arrows for? Well, a lot of bloggers use such symbols to indicate the they are referring to the previous story on their profile ←. Besides, these arrows are often met in books emphasizing some important information ↗. Plus, as usual, you can always express your creativity with these strange creatures: snake-like arrow ↝, an arrow doing yoga ↨, flash zig-zag arrow ↯, and two arrows that crashed into the walls ↹.
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Mathematical Operators
(256 codes from 2200–22FF,
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The Unicode Standard encodes almost all standard characters used in mathematics. Unicode Technical Report #25 provides comprehensive information about the character repertoire, their properties, and guidelines for implementation. Mathematical operators and symbols are situated in multiple Unicode blocks. Some of these blocks are dedicated to, or primarily contain, mathematical characters while others are a mix of mathematical and non-mathematical characters. This article covers all Unicode characters with a derived property of “Math”.
At least 6 Unicode blocks contain special mathematical symbols. Mathematical Operators2200–22FF, Miscellaneous Mathematical Anz -A27C0–27EF, Miscellaneous Mathematical Anz -B2980–29FF, Supplemental Mathematical Operators2A00–2AFF, Mathematical Alphanumeric Anz 1D400–1D7FF, Arabic Mathematical Alphabetic Anz 1EE00–1EEFF.
Math symbols are basically a set of graphic signs which serve for writing down math ideas and terms. Different cultures used to have their own symbols for such operations. Some, still do. However, in modern times the unified international system is more popular. It has been developing historically, like any native language. A lot of symbols were borrowed from other alphabets.
In order to write numbers, Arabic digits are used. As a rule, the decimal system is applied. By the way, Unicode employs the hexadecimal one. Apart from numbers, letters are used too, mostly Greek and Latin. Not only the register matters, but the way of writing too (font).
A small part of math symbols (mostly related to measurements) is included in the standard ISO 31-11. But, in general, there are no unified rules for designation. The multiplication sign can be written either as a dot ∙, or a star * or even a cross ×.
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Miscellaneous Technical
(256 codes from 2300–23FF,
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Miscellaneous Technical is the name of a Unicode block ranging from U+2300 to U+23FF, which contains various common symbols which are related to and used in the various technical, programming language, and academic professions.Symbol ⌂ (HTML hexadecimal code is ⌂) represents a house or a home.Symbol ⌘ (⌘) represents the Command key on Mac keyboard.Symbol ⌚ (⌚) is a watch (or clock).Symbol ⏏ (⏏) is the “Eject” button symbol found on electronic equipment.Symbol ⏚ (⏚) is the “Earth Ground” symbol found on electrical or electronic manual, tag and equipment.It also includes most of the uncommon symbols used by the APL programming language.
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Control Pictures
(64 codes from 2400–243F,
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Control Pictures is a Unicode block containing graphic characters for representing the C0 control codes, and other control characters.
The C0 and C1 control code or control character sets define control codes for use in text by computer systems that use the ISO/IEC 2022 system of specifying control and graphic characters. Most character encodings, in addition to representing printable characters, also have characters such as these that represent additional information about the text, such as the position of a cursor, an instruction to start a new line, or a message that the text has been received.
The C0 set defines codes in the range 00HEX–1FHEX and the C1 set defines codes in the range 80HEX–9FHEX. The default C0 set was originally defined in ISO 646 (ASCII), while the default C1 set was originally defined in ECMA-48 (harmonized later with ISO 6429). While other C0 and C1 sets are available for specialized applications, they are rarely used
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Optical Character Recognition
(32 codes from 2440–245F,
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Optical character recognition (OCR) is the mechanical or electronic conversion of images of typewritten or printed text into machine-encoded text. It is widely used as a form of data entry from printed paper data records, whether passport documents, invoices, bank statements, computerized receipts, business cards, mail, printouts of static-data, or any suitable documentation. It is a common method of digitizing printed texts so that it can be electronically edited, searched, stored more compactly, displayed on-line, and used in machine processes such as machine translation, text-to-speech, key data and text mining. OCR is a field of research in pattern recognition, artificial intelligence and computer vision.
Early versions needed to be trained with images of each character, and worked on one font at a time. Advanced systems that have a high degree of recognition accuracy for most fonts are now common. Some systems are capable of reproducing formatted output that closely approximates the original page including images, columns, and other non-textual components.
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Enclosed Alphanumerics
(160 codes from 2460–24FF,
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Enclosed alphanumerics is a Unicode block of typographical symbols of an alphanumeric within a circle, a bracket or other not-closed enclosure, or ending in a full stop. There is another block for these characters (U+1F100—U+1F1FF), encoded in the Supplementary Multilingual Plane, which contains the set of Regional Indicator Anz as of Unicode 6.0.
What can we use these symbols for? First, to decorate our nicknames and bios on social media. I have noticed that if you use an original or extraordinary font, there is more chance that people will pay attention to you and start following your page. Secondly, the Latin letters in the parentheses serve perfectly for mathematics. Impress your teacher — use them in your new rule or formula presentation! And finally, I love this symbol of zero ⓿ ⓿ on the black background. Send it to your parents when they ask how much money you have earned this month.
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Box Drawing
(128 codes from 2500–257F,
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Box Drawing is a Unicode block containing characters for compatibility with legacy graphics standards that contained characters for making bordered charts and tables, i.e. box-drawing characters.
Box-drawing characters, also known as line-drawing characters, are a form of semigraphics widely used in text user interfaces to draw various geometric frames and boxes. In graphical user interfaces, these characters are much less useful as it is much simpler to draw lines and rectangles directly with graphical APIs. Box-drawing characters work only with monospaced fonts; however, they are still useful for plaintext comments on websites.
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Block Elements
(32 codes from 2580–259F,
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Block Elements is a Unicode block containing square block symbols of various fill and shading.
Some of them look like parts of Minecraft´s mobs and locations. Others remind me of Tetris — that long-forgotten block-based game, where you have to arrange multiple pieces in a proper construction, while they´re falling down from above in a random order.
What can we do with these symbols? Well, first of all, use them for sending creepy messages. Let me show you:
▛▖ ▗▜▙▞▚ we´re not friends anymore
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Geometric Shapes
(96 codes from 25A0–25FF,
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Geometric Shapes is a Unicode block that consists of 96 symbols referring to geometry at codepoint range U+25A0-25FF. Squares, triangles, rectangles, pointing left, right, up, down; transparent or painted shapes, striped or chequered ▦. It´s absolutely up to you in what contexts to apply them.
For example, some look like buttons on a keyboard ▪ or road signs showing direction ▻. My favourite is this square ▮, because it looks smooth and serene. Perfect for copying and pasting on social media!
Seriously speaking, geometric shapes come in handy if you specialise in art, design, or engineering. They are basically figures which represent the forms of different life objects. Some figures are two-dimensional, whereas some are three-dimensional shapes. In our case, we´re talking about two-dimensional, of course. Although, this quarter-eaten pie on a plate ◴ seems pretty three-dimensional to me.
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Miscellaneous Symbols
(256 codes from 2600–26FF,
symbl.cc)
Miscellaneous Anz is a Unicode block (U+2600–U+26FF) containing glyphs representing concepts from a variety of categories: astrological, astronomical, chess, dice, musical notation, political symbols, recycling, religious symbols, trigrams, warning signs, and weather, among others.
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Dingbats
(192 codes from 2700–27BF, face Corporation. That´s how we got the font “Zapf dingbats”. It was divided in three sections: series 100, 200, and 300. This Unicode block in particular presents Zapf dingbats 100.,
symbl.cc)
A dingbat is an ornament, character, or spacer used in typesetting. Sometimes it´s more formally known as a printer´s ornament or printer´s character often employed for the creation of box frames. The term was later applied to the computer industry for describing fonts that have symbols and shapes in the positions designated for alphabetical or numeric characters.
In 1977 the German typographer Hermann Zapf created more than a thousand drafts for glyphs. Needless to say, 360 of them were confirmed by ITC — International Typ face Corporation. That´s how we got the font “Zapf dingbats”. It was divided in three sections: series 100, 200, and 300. This Unicode block in particular presents Zapf dingbats 100.
Among various arrows, stars and crosses, you will find snowflakes, cards, digits, and even some emojis. I personally adore the variety of scissors that this block offers ✂ ✀ ✃
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Miscellaneous Mathematical Symbols-A
(48 codes from 27C0–27EF,
symbl.cc)
Miscellaneous Mathematical Anz -A is a Unicode block containing characters for mathematical, logical, and database notation.
Mathematics, considered the language of all sciences, cannot do without a recording system. Numerous concepts and operators have made an influence as the development of this science is going on. Since these symbols are not included in the standard alphabets, typing them from the keyboard can be problematic. Nevertheless, these mathematical symbols can be copied and pasted.
The Unicode Consortium is no stranger to the problem of scientists, so many different signs were included in the table. If this is not what you need, use the search on the website or check the following sections: Arabic mathematical alphabetic symbols, Miscellaneous mathematical symbols B, Supplemental mathematical operators. Letters for formulas can be taken in a set of and a block of Mathematical alphanumeric symbols.
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Supplemental Arrows-A
(16 codes from 27F0–27FF,
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Supplemental Arrows-A is a Unicode block containing various arrow symbols.
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Braille Patterns
(256 codes from 2800–28FF,
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In Unicode, braille is represented in a block called Braille Patterns (U+2800..U+28FF). The block contains all 256 possible patterns of an 8-dot braille cell, thereby including the complete 6-dot cell range.
Braille /ˈbreɪl/ is a tactile writing system used by the blind and the visually impaired. It is traditionally written with embossed paper. Braille-users can read computer screens and other electronic supports thanks to refreshable braille displays. They can write braille with the original slate and stylus or type it on a braille writer, such as a portable braille note-taker, or on a computer that prints with a braille embosser.
Braille is named after its creator, Frenchman Louis Braille, who lost his eyesight due to a childhood accident. In 1824, at the age of 15, Braille developed his code for the French alphabet as an improvement on night writing. He published his system, which subsequently included musical notation, in 1829. The second revision, published in 1837, was the first binary form of writing developed in the modern era.
Braille characters are small rectangular blocks called cells that contain tiny palpable bumps called raised dots. The number and arrangement of these dots distinguish one character from another. Since the various braille alphabets originated as transcription codes of printed writing systems, the mappings (sets of character designations) vary from language to language. Furthermore, in English Braille there are three levels of encoding: Grade 1, a letter-by-letter transcription used for basic literacy; Grade 2, an addition of abbreviations and contractions; and Grade 3, various non-standardized personal shorthands.Braille cells are not the only thing to appear in embossed text. There may be embossed illustrations and graphs, with the lines either solid or made of series of dots, arrows, bullets that are larger than braille dots, etc.
In the face of screen-reader software, braille usage has declined. However, braille education remains important for developing reading skills among blind and visually impaired children, and braille literacy correlates with higher employment rates.
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Supplemental Arrows-B
(128 codes from 2900–297F,
symbl.cc)
Supplemental Arrows-B is a Unicode block containing miscellaneous arrows, arrow tails, crossing arrows used in knot descriptions, curved arrows, and harpoons.
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Miscellaneous Mathematical Symbols-B
(128 codes from 2980–29FF,
symbl.cc)
Miscellaneous Mathematical Anz -B is a Unicode block containing miscellaneous mathematical symbols, including brackets, angles, and circle symbols.
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Supplemental Mathematical Operators
(256 codes from 2A00–2AFF,
symbl.cc)
Supplemental Mathematical Operators is a Unicode block containing various mathematical symbols, including N-ary operators, summations and integrals, intersections and unions, logical and relational operators, and subset/superset relations.
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Miscellaneous Symbols and Arrows
(256 codes from 2B00–2BFF,
symbl.cc)
Miscellaneous Anz and Arrows is a Unicode block containing Arrows2190–21FF and geometric shapes with various fills. Basically, this block contains the symbols that were hard to classify, so they all ended up in the same section, despite their differences.
First, there is a huge collection of arrows. You can choose between black and white arrows, arrows with bent tips, mathematical arrows, and even the arrows that are used in dialectology to signify intonation characteristics ⭜⭛. Cool, right? If you´re not a fan of round arrows, here are triangle-shaped ones at your service ⮁. Besides, an option for those who like to combine these shapes, a special demiseason offer: a triangle arrow inside a circle ⮊.
However, arrows are not the only symbols that you can find in this block. Pentagons, hexagons and other mathematical structures — indeed, they´re also included. But! Pay your utmost attention to the astrological symbols, like the ones for Pluto ⯔ ⯕ ⯖. If you think that Pluto is a Disney character from Mickey Mouse, you definitely have a lot to catch up on. I´ve read it on your cards.
Anyway, in case you already got tired from all this buzz, play a chess game and use the chess symbols from this edition. Let´s clarify their meanings: • ⯹ — with compensation for material • ⯺ — position is unclear • ⯻ — disconnected pawns • ⯼ — doubled pawns (quite a disgusting thing, if you ask me) • ⯽ — passed pawn • ⯾ — without (something).
Good luck!
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Glagolitic
(96 codes from 2C00–2C5F, Alphabet, Language: Old Church Slavic,
symbl.cc)
Glagolitic is a Unicode block containing the characters invented by Saint Cyril for translating scripture into Slavonic. The Glagolitic script is the precursor of Cyrillic0400–04FF. The Glagolitic alphabet /ˌɡlæɡɵˈlɪtɨk/, also known as Glagolitsa, is the oldest known Slavic alphabet, from the 9th century.
Glagolitic is one of the Slavic alphabets. It´s believed that Glagolitic was created by the Slavic enlightener and philosopher Saint Cyril for writing church texts in the Old Church Slavonic language. The literary work about Cyril´s life emphasizes that the Slavic alphabet was essential for conveying God´s service. Therefore, all church books were also translated into Old Church Slavonic.
A lot of factors and evidence suggest that the Glagolitic alphabet was created much before the Cyrillic. Consequently, Cyrillic was based on the Glagolitic and the Greek alphabet. The oldest inscription, which was made in a Bulgarian church and survived throughout times, refers exactly to 893. In addition, the oldest manuscripts, dated back to the X century, were written in a more archaic language, which was phonetically close to the language of the Southern Slavs.
Do you really need to learn these letters to speak Russian? Of course not. They are for the lovers of Russian history and culture, who are fond of reading old books and documents. For example, students of Russian philology tend to have the subject, which requires studying Old Church Slavonic in order to understand the modern language better. Even professionals don´t learn it perfectly. Therefore, you can relax. But if you want to impress your friends, you can copy these symbols and send or post them on social media.
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Latin Extended-C
(32 codes from 2C60–2C7F, Alphabet,
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Latin Extended-C is a Unicode block containing Latin characters for Uighur, the Uralic Phonetic Alphabet, Shona, and Claudian Latin.
The Uighur people are a Turkic ethnic group which exists in the region of Central and East Asia. Despite the confusion that might appear when you hear the name of this group, Uighurs are not from Turkey, they live in China, Northwest region. The letters featured in this block can be distinguished thank to this little mark on their down part Ⱨ ⱨ. Keep that in mind.
As for the Shona letters, they refer to the Bantu language of people who inhabit South Africa, mostly Zimbabwe. I believe it is impossible to type this from the keyboard, so copy and paste these symbols to communicate on social media Ȿ Ɀ.
Finally, the Claudian Latin letters. How do they differ from the original Latin alphabet? The answer is that these two funny letters Ⱶ ⱶ (which look like fake Tetris blocks) were introduced by the Roman emperor Claudius. Ⱶ is actually a half H. Yeah, your associative thinking hasn´t failed you. The value of this letter is unclear, but perhaps it represented the so-called sonus medius, a short vowel sound used before labial consonants in Latin words such as optumus/optimus. It may have disappeared because the sonus medius itself disappeared from spoken language.
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Coptic
(128 codes from 2C80–2CFF, Alphabet, Language: Coptic,
symbl.cc)
Coptic is a Unicode block used with the Greek and Coptic block to write the Coptic language. Prior to version 4.1 of the Unicode Standard, Greek and Coptic were used exclusively to write Coptic text. However, Greek and Coptic letter forms are contrastive in many scholarly works, and their further separation was needed. Therefore, the specific Coptic letters in the Greek and Coptic block are not reproduced in the Coptic Unicode block.
Apparently, the Coptic alphabet is the script used for writing the Coptic language. The repertoire of glyphs is based on the Greek alphabet augmented by letters borrowed from the Egyptian Demotic. The borrowings included some Egyptian consonants, since they were missing from the Greek alphabet. It´s actually the first alphabetic script used for the Egyptian language.
There are several Coptic alphabets, as the Coptic writing system may vary greatly among the various dialects and subdialects of the Coptic language.
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Georgian Supplement
(48 codes from 2D00–2D2F, Alphabet, Language: Georgian,
symbl.cc)
Georgian Supplement is a Unicode block containing characters for the ecclesiastical form of the Georgian script, Nuskhuri. To write the full ecclesiastical Khutsuri orthography, use the Asomtavruli capitals encoded in the Georgian10A0–10FF block.
It´s important to mention that Georgian is an alphabetic script, applied in several Kartvelian languages. First of all, it´s Georgian itself, plus, sometimes Megrelian, Svan and other. It´s read from left to right. The modern Georgian alphabet consists of 33 letters; it doesn´t possess any capital letters, but in some situations (when there´s a title, for example), the whole word may be written without upper or lower change in position, as if between two parallel lines. Such type of writing serves as an analogue to the little letters in other alphabets.
In 1938—1954 the Georgian alphabet adopted more symbols and started to be used for Abkhaz and Ossetian (in South Ossetia) languages.
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Tifinagh
(80 codes from 2D30–2D7F, Abjad, Language: Tuareg,
symbl.cc)
Tifinagh is a Unicode block containing characters of the Tifinagh alphabet, used for writing Tuareg, Berber, and other languages of North Africa.
Tifinagh (Berber pronunciation: ; also written Tifinaɣ in the Berber Latin alphabet, ⵜⵉⴼⵉⵏⴰⵖ in Neo-Tifinagh, and تيفيناغ in the Berber Arabic alphabet) is a series of abjad and alphabetic scripts used to write Berber languages.A modern derivate of the traditional script, known as Neo-Tifinagh, was introduced in the 20th century. A slightly modified version of the traditional script, called Tifinagh Ircam, is used in a number of Moroccan elementary schools in teaching the Berber language to children as well as a number of publications.The word tifinagh is thought to be a Berberized feminine plural cognate of Punic, through the Berber feminine prefix ti- and Latin Punicus; thus tifinagh could possibly mean “the Phoenician (letters)” or “the Punic letters”.
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Ethiopic Extended
(96 codes from 2D80–2DDF, Abugida, Language: Amharic, Tigtinya,
symbl.cc)
Ethiopic Extended is a Unicode block containing Ge´ez characters for the Me´en, Blin, and Sebatbeit languages.
The Ethiopic script is an abugida (consonant-syllable alphabet), primarily designed for writing the Old Ethiopic language called Ge´ez of the country Aksum. The languages using the Ethiopic script call it Fidäl (ፊደል), which is literally translated as a script or alphabet.
It was indeed adopted for writing other languages too. As a rule, ethiosemit. The most widespread one is Amharic in Ethiopia and Tigrinya in Eritrea and Ethiopia. It is also used for some of the Gurage languages, as well as Meken and many other languages of Ethiopia. In Eritrea, it is used for Tigre, and traditionally for the Kushite language called Bilin. Some other Horn of Africa languages, such as Oromo, previously also used the Ethiopian script, but switched to alphabets based on Latin.
In 1956 an Oromo poet Sheikh Bakri Sapalo creates a syllabus, the structure of which is close to Ethiopian. The basic symbols were designed later.
In this article you will find a special system for marking the sounds, which is quite popular among linguists, who explore Ethiopian languages. It´s a bit different from the universal International Phonetic Alphabet.
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Cyrillic Extended-A
(32 codes from 2DE0–2DFF, Alphabet, Language: Russian, Ukrainian,
symbl.cc)
This block contains cyrillic letters — titlo letters. They are used in the Church Slavonic script for denoting abbreviations (or shortenings). We, ordinary people, write “by the way” like btw. The priests shorten words like this too. When it´s easy to guess which letters are omitted, a titlo sign is used: ҃. If the meaning is not obvious — a special titlo is written above the word, and this titlo contains the missing letters. Also there´s usually a sign called “pokrytie” (lit. “a cover”) ҇ above the word.
The old handwritings in Church Slavonic contain superscript titlos that form ligatures and digraphs. Above them, apart from the pokrytie, you can find such signs as vzmet ꙯ or titlo.
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Supplemental Punctuation
(128 codes from 2E00–2E7F,
symbl.cc)
Supplemental Punctuation is a Unicode block containing historic and specialized punctuation characters, including biblical editorial symbols, ancient Greek punctuation, and German dictionary marks.Additional punctuation characters are in the General Punctuation block and sprinkled in dozens of other Unicode blocks.
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CJK Radicals Supplement
(128 codes from 2E80–2EFF, Language: Chinese, Japanese, Vietnamese, Korean,
symbl.cc)
CJK Radicals Supplement is a Unicode block containing alternative, often positional, forms of the Kangxi radicals. They are used as headers in dictionary indices and other CJK ideograph collections organized by radical-stroke.
Going back to the basics, what is CJK? In the context of internationalisation, it is a collective term for the Chinese, Japanese, and Korean languages, which include Chinese characters. Ok, this is now clear. But what about radicals? A Chinese radical is a graphical component of a Chinese character under which the character is traditionally listed in a Chinese dictionary.
The Chinese script (漢字, 汉字) has been the only common alphabet for writing Chinese for thousands of years. The characters and punctuation used in Chinese writing are also widespread in Japanese and Korean. Until 1945 the Chinese script was applied to the Vietnamese language.
The age of the Chinese script is constantly under clarification. In 1962 during the archeological digging of the Neolithic settlement of Jiahu on the Yellow River, there was made a discovery about the inscriptions on turtle shells resembling the ancient Chinese hieroglyphs. The pictograms date back to the VI millennium BC, which is even older than Sumerian writing. Previously, a well-known researcher of Chinese writing, Tang Lan, suggested that Chinese hieroglyphics originated 4-5 millennia ago. In a nutshell, there is plenty of information to research.
As you might know, Chinese writing tends to be called hieroglyphic and ideographic. It is radically different from the alphabetic one in terms of characters, as each character is assigned a particular meaning, not only phonetic, but semiotic too. The number of such characters is huge and it may account up to 10 000 and more! That´s why studying Chinese may be challenging for those who have only encountered European languages. I once attended a workshop on Chinese for beginners. The teacher told us that to learn Chinese, “you have to reshape your way of thinking” in order to comprehend the concepts. Sounds impressive, right? So if you decide to study it too, you know where to find the characters. This block offers a huge variety of them and comes in handy, if you don´t plan to change your keyboard. Just copy these symbols and paste wherever you need to.
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Kangxi Radicals
(224 codes from 2F00–2FDF,
symbl.cc)
Kangxi radicals, named for the eponymous emperor, are a list of 214 Chinese characters, used originally in the 1615 Zihui and adopted by the 1716 Kangxi Dictionary. This works lists radicals in stroke count order, along with examples of characters using them, and has become such a common standard that sometimes radicals are referred to by number alone. A reference to “radical 61”, for example, without additional context, means 心; xīn.
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Ideographic Description Characters
(16 codes from 2FF0–2FFF,
symbl.cc)
Ideographic Description Characters is a Unicode block containing graphic characters used for describing CJK ideographs. They are not intended to provide a mechanism for the composition of complex characters, whether already encoded or not.
Going back to the basics, what is CJK? In the context of internationalisation, it is a collective term for the Chinese, Japanese, and Korean languages, which include Chinese characters. Ok, this is now clear.
The Chinese character description languages are several proposed languages to most accurately and completely describe Chinese (or CJK) characters and information such as their • list of components • list of strokes (basic and complex) • order • the location of each of them on a background empty square..
They are designed to overcome the inherent lack of information within a bitmap description. This enriched information can be used to identify variants of characters that are unified into one code point by Unicode and ISO/IEC 10646, as well as to provide an alternative form of encoding for rare characters that do not yet have a standardized encoding in Unicode or ISO/IEC 10646. Many aim to work for Kaishu style and Song style, as well as to provide the character´s internal structure which can be used for easier look-up of a character by indexing the character´s internal make-up and cross-referencing among similar characters.
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CJK Symbols and Punctuation
(64 codes from 3000–303F,
symbl.cc)
CJK Anz and Punctuation is a Unicode block containing symbols and punctuation in the unified Chinese, Japanese and Korean script.
Chinese punctuation uses a different set of punctuation marks from European languages, although the concept of punctuation was adapted in the written language during the 20th century from Western punctuation marks. Before that, the concept of punctuation in Eastern Asian cultures did not exist at all. The first book to be printed with modern punctuation was Outline of the History of Chinese Philosophy (中國哲學史大綱) by Hu Shi (胡適), published in 1919. Scholars did, however, annotate texts with symbols resembling the modern ´。´ and ´、´ (see below) to indicate full-stops and pauses, respectively. Traditional poetry and calligraphy maintains the punctuation-free style. The usage of punctuation is regulated by the Chinese national standard GB/T 15834–2011 “General rules for punctuation” Chinese: 标点符号用法; pinyin: biāodiǎn fúhào yòngfǎ.
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Hiragana
(96 codes from 3040–309F, Syllabary, Language: Japanese, Okinawan,
symbl.cc)
Hiragana is a Unicode block containing Hiragana characters for the Japanese language.
Hiragana (平仮名, ひらがな) is a Japanese syllabary, one basic component of the Japanese writing system, along with Katakana30A0–30FF, kanji, and in some cases rōmaji (the Latin-script alphabet). The word hiragana means “ordinary syllabic script”.Hiragana and Katakana30A0–30FF are both kana systems. Each sound in the Japanese language (strictly, each mora) is represented by one or two characters in each system. This may be either a vowel such as “a” (hiragana あ); a consonant followed by a vowel such as “ka” (か); or “n” (ん), a nasal sonorant which, depending on the context, sounds either like English m, n, or ng (ŋ), or like the nasal vowels of French. Because the characters of the kana do not represent single consonants (except in the case of ん “n”), the kana are referred to as syllabaries and not alphabets.Hiragana is used to write native words for which there are no kanji, including grammatical particles such as から kara “from”, and suffixes such as さん ~san “Mr., Mrs., Miss, Ms.” Likewise, hiragana is used to write words whose kanji form is obscure, not known to the writer or readers, or too formal for the writing purpose. There is also some flexibility for words that have common kanji renditions to be optionally written instead in hiragana, according to an individual author´s preference. Verb and adjective inflections, as, for example, be-ma-shi-ta (べました) in tabemashita (食べました, “ate”), are written in hiragana, often following a verb or adjective root (here, “食”) that is written in kanji. When Hiragana is used to show the pronunciation of kanji characters as reading aid, it is referred to as furigana. The article Japanese writing system discusses in detail how the various systems of writing are used.There are two main systems of ordering hiragana: the old-fashioned iroha ordering and the more prevalent gojūon ordering.
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Katakana
(96 codes from 30A0–30FF, Syllabary, Language: Japanese, Okinawan, Ainu, Palaun,
symbl.cc)
Katakana is a Unicode block containing katakana characters for the Japanese and Ainu languages.
Katakana (片仮名, カタカナ) is a Japanese syllabary, one component of the Japanese writing system along with Hiragana3040–309F, kanji, and in some cases the Latin script (known as romaji). The word katakana means “fragmentary kana”, as the katakana characters are derived from components of more complex kanji. Katakana and hiragana are both kana systems. Each syllable (strictly mora) in the Japanese language is represented by one character, or kana, in each system. Each kana is either a vowel such as “a” (katakana ア); a consonant followed by a vowel such as “ka” (katakana カ); or “n” (katakana ン), a nasal sonorant which, depending on the context, sounds either like English m, n, or ng (ŋ), or like the nasal vowels of Portuguese or French.In contrast to the Hiragana3040–309F syllabary, which is used for those Japanese language words and grammatical inflections which kanji does not cover, the katakana syllabary usage is quite similar to italics in English; specifically, it is used for transcription of foreign language words into Japanese and the writing of loan words (collectively gairaigo); for emphasis; to represent onomatopoeia; for technical and scientific terms; and for names of plants, animals, minerals, and often Japanese companies.Katakana are characterized by short, straight strokes and sharp corners, and are the simplest of the Japanese scripts. There are two main systems of ordering katakana: the old-fashioned iroha ordering, and the more prevalent gojūon ordering.
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Bopomofo
(48 codes from 3100–312F, Syllabary, Language: Chinese,
symbl.cc)
Bopomofo is a Unicode block containing phonetic characters for Chinese. It is based on the Chinese standard GB 2312. Additional Bopomofo characters can be found in the Bopomofo Extended block.
Zhuyin fuhao, Zhuyin or Bopomofo is a system of phonetic notation for the transcription of spoken Chinese, particularly the Mandarin dialect. The first two are traditional terms, whereas Bopomofo is the colloquial term, also used by the ISO and Unicode. Consisting of 37 characters and four tone marks, it transcribes all possible sounds in Mandarin. Zhuyin was introduced in China by the Republican Government in the 1910s and used alongside the Wade-Giles system, which used a modified Latin alphabet. The Wade system was replaced by Hanyu Pinyin in 1958 by the Government of the People´s Republic of China, and at the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in 1982. Although Taiwan officially abandoned Wade-Giles in 2009, Bopomofo remains widely used as an educational tool and electronic input method in Taiwan.
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Hangul Compatibility Jamo
(96 codes from 3130–318F, Syllabary, Language: Chinese,
symbl.cc)
Hangul Compatibility Jamo is a Unicode block containing Hangul characters for compatibility with Korean Standard KS X 1001:1998.
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Kanbun
(16 codes from 3190–319F, Syllabary,
symbl.cc)
Kanbun is a Unicode block containing annotation characters used in Japanese copies of classical Chinese texts, to indicate reading order.
Kanbun or kambun (from Japanese 漢文, “Chinese writing”) is a method of annotating Classical Chinese so that it can be read in Japanese that was used from the Heian period to the mid-20th century. Much Japanese literature was written in this style, and it was the general writing style for official and intellectual works throughout the period. As a result, Sino-Japanese vocabulary makes up a large portion of the lexicon of Japanese, and much classical Chinese literature is accessible to Japanese readers in some semblance of the original.
Let´s dive into the specifics. Kanbun is one of the Japanese written languages, which was used in medieval Japan, as it was mentioned above. It was based on the classical literary Chinese language. The hieroglyphical texts in Kanbun were filled with the special signs called kaeriten, which indicated the change in the hieroglyph order according to the Japanese syntax. For example, in Chinese, as in Russian, the complement follows the predicate, and in Japanese the predicate comes at the end of the sentence. together with these hieroglyphs, signs indicating the change were put. Grammatical indicators (analogues of which were absent in Chinese) could be added using okurigana. For the needs of teaching, the pronunciation of hieroglyphs, especially those that were absent in Japanese writing such as kanji, was noted down (like in other registers of Japanese writing, furigana). However, furigana was not to be written for edcated learners.
Kanbun was exclusively created for writing and it didn´t have an oral form. If you needed to read texts in Kanbun out loud, you had to use Bungo.
This was how the Chinese texts were written down. Then the Japanese essays created in Japan followed the tradition. First it came to all governmental and scientific texts, second — poetry and some genres of fiction. The samples of Kambun created in Japan (excluding special badges) were noticeably different from the native Chinese written language, and this fact wasn´t really taken into consideration by the Japanese. Their texts were presented as “Japanese poetry in Chinese” (Kansi) and so on.
Kambun continued to exist for a thousand years, from the IX to the XIX century. It was abolished as an official writing language after the Meiji Revolution. Nowadays, Kambun education is preserved in secondary school, but no new texts are created.
A similar written language in Korea is Hanmun.
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Bopomofo Extended
(32 codes from 31A0–31BF, Syllabary,
symbl.cc)
Bopomofo Extended is a Unicode block containing additional Bopomofo characters for writing phonetic Minnan, Hakka, Hmu, and Ge languages of China. The basic set of Bopomofo characters can be found in the Bopomofo3100–312F block.
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CJK Strokes
(48 codes from 31C0–31EF, Syllabary, Language: Chinese,
symbl.cc)
CJKV strokes are the calligraphic strokes needed to write the Chinese characters in regular script used in East Asia. CJK strokes are the classified set of line patterns that may be arranged and combined to form Chinese characters (also known as Hanzi) in use in China, Japan, Korea, and to a lesser extent in Vietnam.
For more than thousands of years, the Chinese script has been the only common way of writing down the Chinese language. The keys used in Chinese are also widespread in Japanese and Korean, due to historical and cultural reasons. There they are called Kanji and Hanja, respectively. Until 1945 the Chinese script was also applied for writing Vietnamese.
Going back to the basics, what is CJK? In the context of internationalisation, it is a collective term for the Chinese, Japanese, and Korean languages, which include Chinese characters.
The age of the Chinese script is constantly under clarification. In 1962 during the archeological digging of the Neolithic settlement of Jiahu on the Yellow River, there was made a discovery about the inscriptions on turtle shells resembling the ancient Chinese hieroglyphs. The pictograms date back to the VI millennium BC, which is even older than Sumerian writing. Previously, a well-known researcher of Chinese writing, Tang Lan, suggested that Chinese hieroglyphics originated 4-5 millennia ago. In a nutshell, there is plenty of information to research.
As you might know, Chinese writing tends to be called hieroglyphic and ideographic. It is radically different from the alphabetic one in terms of characters, as each character is assigned a particular meaning, not only phonetic, but semiotic too. The number of such characters is huge and it may account up to 10 000 and more! That´s why studying Chinese may be challenging for those who have only encountered European languages. I once attended a workshop on Chinese for beginners. The teacher told us that to learn Chinese, “you have to reshape your way of thinking” in order to comprehend the concepts. Sounds impressive, right? So if you decide to study it too, you know where to find the characters. This block offers a huge variety of them and comes in handy, if you don´t plan to change your keyboard. Just copy these symbols and paste wherever you need to.
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Katakana Phonetic Extensions
(16 codes from 31F0–31FF, Syllabary, Language: Japanese, Okinawan, Ainu, Palauan,
symbl.cc)
Katakana Phonetic Extensions is a Unicode block containing additional katakana characters for writing the Ainu language, in addition to characters in the .
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Enclosed CJK Letters and Months
(256 codes from 3200–32FF, Syllabary, Language: Chinese,
symbl.cc)
Enclosed CJK Letters and Months is a Unicode block containing circled and parenthesized Katakana, Hangul, and CJK ideographs. During the unification with ISO 10646 for version 1.1, the Japanese Industrial Standard Symbol was reassigned from the code point U+32FF at the end of the block to U+3004. Also included in the block are miscellaneous glyphs that would more likely fit in CJK Compatibility or Enclosed Alphanumerics: a few unit abbreviations, circled numbers from 21 to 50, and circled multiples of 10 from 10 to 80 enclosed in black squares (representing speed limit signs).
This block specialises on the CJK symbols which are written inside a circle, in other words, enclosed.
Going back to the basics, what is CJK? In the context of internationalisation, it is a collective term for the Chinese, Japanese, and Korean languages, which include Chinese characters.
The age of the Chinese script is constantly under clarification. In 1962 during the archeological digging of the Neolithic settlement of Jiahu on the Yellow River, there was made a discovery about the inscriptions on turtle shells resembling the ancient Chinese hieroglyphs. The pictograms date back to the VI millennium BC, which is even older than Sumerian writing. Previously, a well-known researcher of Chinese writing, Tang Lan, suggested that Chinese hieroglyphics originated 4-5 millennia ago. In a nutshell, there is plenty of information to research.
As you might know, Chinese writing tends to be called hieroglyphic and ideographic. It is radically different from the alphabetic one in terms of characters, as each character is assigned a particular meaning, not only phonetic, but semiotic too. The number of such characters is huge and it may account up to 10 000 and more! That´s why studying Chinese may be challenging for those who have only encountered European languages. I once attended a workshop on Chinese for beginners. The teacher told us that to learn Chinese, ”you have to reshape your way of thinking” in order to comprehend the concepts. Sounds impressive, right? So if you decide to study it too, you know where to find the characters. This block offers a huge variety of them and comes in handy, if you don´t plan to change your keyboard. Just copy these symbols and paste wherever you need to.
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CJK Compatibility
(256 codes from 3300–33FF, Syllabary, Language: Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese,
symbl.cc)
CJK Compatibility is a Unicode block containing square symbols (both CJK and Latin alphanumeric) encoded for compatibility with east Asian character sets.
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CJK Unified Ideographs Extension A
(6592 codes from 3400–4DBF, Syllabary, Language: Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese,
symbl.cc)
CJK Unified Ideographs Extension-A is a Unicode block containing rare Han ideographs.
The Chinese script (漢字, 汉字) has been the only common alphabet for writing Chinese for thousands of years. The characters and punctuation used in Chinese writing are also widespread in Japanese and Korean. Until 1945 the Chinese script was applied to the Vietnamese language.
Going back to the basics, what is CJK anyway? In the context of internationalisation, it is a collective term for the Chinese, Japanese, and Korean languages, which include Chinese characters.
The age of the Chinese script is constantly under clarification. In 1962 during the archeological digging of the Neolithic settlement of Jiahu on the Yellow River, there was made a discovery about the inscriptions on turtle shells resembling the ancient Chinese hieroglyphs. The pictograms date back to the VI millennium BC, which is even older than Sumerian writing. Previously, a well-known researcher of Chinese writing, Tang Lan, suggested that Chinese hieroglyphics originated 4-5 millennia ago. In a nutshell, there is plenty of information to research.
As you might know, the Chinese writing tends to be called hieroglyphic and ideographic. It is radically different from the alphabetic one in terms of characters, as each character is assigned a particular meaning, not only phonetic, but semiotic too. The number of such characters is huge and it may account up to 10 000 and more! That´s why studying Chinese may be challenging for those who have only encountered European languages. I once attended a workshop on Chinese for beginners. The teacher told us that to learn Chinese, ”you have to reshape your way of thinking” in order to comprehend the concepts. Sounds impressive, right? So if you decide to study it too, you know where to find the characters. This block offers a huge variety of them and comes in handy, if you don´t plan to change your keyboard. Just copy these symbols and paste wherever you need to.
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Yijing Hexagram Symbols
(64 codes from 4DC0–4DFF, Syllabary,
symbl.cc)
Yijing Hexagram Anz is a Unicode block containing the 64 hexagrams from the I Ching.
The I Ching (/ˈiːˈtɕiŋ/; Chinese: 易經; pinyin: Yìjīng), also known as the Classic of Changes or Book of Changes in English, is an ancient divination text and the oldest of the Chinese classics.
The I Ching was originally a divination manual in the Western Zhou period, but over the course of the Warring States period it was transformed into a cosmological text with a series of philosophical commentaries known as the “Ten Wings.” After becoming part of the Five Classics in the 2nd century BC, the I Ching was the subject of scholarly commentary and the basis for divination practice for centuries across the Far East, and eventually took on an influential role in Western understanding of Eastern thought.
The I Ching uses a type of divination called cleromancy, which produces random numbers. Four numbers between 6 and 9 are turned into a hexagram, which can then be looked up in the I Ching book, arranged in an order known as the King Wen sequence. The interpretation of the readings is a matter of long-lasting debate, and many commentators have used the book symbolically, often to provide guidance for moral decision making as informed by Confucianism. The hexagrams themselves have often acquired cosmological significance and paralleled with many other traditional names for the processes of change such as Yin and Yang and Wu Xing.
The I Ching is an influential text that is read throughout the world. Several sovereign states have employed I Ching hexagrams in their flags, and the text has provided inspiration to the worlds of religion, psychoanalysis, business, literature, and art.
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CJK Unified Ideographs
(20992 codes from 4E00–9FFF, Syllabary, Language: Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese,
symbl.cc)
The Chinese script (漢字, 汉字) has been the only common alphabet for writing Chinese for thousands of years. The characters and punctuation used in Chinese writing are also widespread in Japanese and Korean. Until 1945 the Chinese script was applied to the Vietnamese language.
Going back to the basics, what is CJK anyway? In the context of internationalisation, it is a collective term for the Chinese, Japanese, and Korean languages, which include Chinese characters.
The age of the Chinese script is constantly under clarification. In 1962 during the archeological digging of the Neolithic settlement of Jiahu on the Yellow River, there was made a discovery about the inscriptions on turtle shells resembling the ancient Chinese hieroglyphs. The pictograms date back to the VI millennium BC, which is even older than Sumerian writing. Previously, a well-known researcher of Chinese writing, Tang Lan, suggested that Chinese hieroglyphics originated 4-5 millennia ago. In a nutshell, there is plenty of information to research.
As you might know, Chinese writing tends to be called hieroglyphic and ideographic. It is radically different from the alphabetic one in terms of characters, as each character is assigned a particular meaning, not only phonetic, but semiotic too. The number of such characters is huge and it may account up to 10 000 and more! That´s why studying Chinese may be challenging for those who have only encountered European languages. I once attended a workshop on Chinese for beginners. The teacher told us that to learn Chinese, ”you have to reshape your way of thinking” in order to comprehend the concepts. Sounds impressive, right? So if you decide to study it too, you know where to find the characters. This block offers a huge variety of them and comes in handy, if you don´t plan to change your keyboard. Just copy these symbols and paste wherever you need to.
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Yi Syllables
(1168 codes from A000–A48F, Syllabary, Language: Yi,
symbl.cc)
Yi Syllables is a Unicode block containing the characters of the Liangshan Standard Yi script for writing the Nuosu, or Yi, language.
Nuosu (or Nosu) (Nuosu: ꆈꌠ꒿ Pronunciation: Nuosuhxop), also known as Northern Yi, Liangshan Yi, and Sichuan Yi, is the prestige language of the Yi people; it has been chosen by the Chinese government as the standard Yi language (in Mandarin: Yí yǔ, 彝語/彝语) and, as such, is the only one taught in schools, both in its oral and written forms. It is spoken by two million people and is increasing; 60% are monolingual. Nuosu is the native Nuosu/Yi name for their own language and is not used in Mandarin Chinese; although it may sometimes be spelled out for pronunciation (nuòsū yǔ 诺苏语/諾蘇語), the Chinese characters for nuòsū have no meaning.The occasional terms ´Black Yi´ (Mandarin: hēi Yí 黑彝) and ´White Yi´ (bái Yí 白彝) are castes of the Nuosu people, not dialects.Nuosu is one of several often mutually unintelligible varieties known as Yi, Lolo, Moso, or Noso; the six Yi languages recognized by the Chinese government hold only 25% to 50% of their vocabulary in common. They share a common traditional writing system, though this is used for shamanism rather than daily accounting.
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Yi Radicals
(64 codes from A490–A4CF, Syllabary, Language: Yi,
symbl.cc)
Yi Radicals is a Unicode block containing character elements used for organizing Yi dictionaries in the standard Liangshan Yi script.
Nuosu (or Nosu) (Nuosu: ꆈꌠ꒿ Pronunciation: Nuosuhxop), also known as Northern Yi, Liangshan Yi, and Sichuan Yi, is the prestige language of the Yi people; it has been chosen by the Chinese government as the standard Yi language (in Mandarin: Yí yǔ, 彝語/彝语) and, as such, is the only one taught in schools, both in its oral and written forms. It is spoken by two million people and is increasing; 60% are monolingual. Nuosu is the native Nuosu/Yi name for their own language and is not used in Mandarin Chinese; although it may sometimes be spelled out for pronunciation (nuòsū yǔ 诺苏语/諾蘇語), the Chinese characters for nuòsū have no meaning.The occasional terms ´Black Yi´ (Mandarin: hēi Yí 黑彝) and ´White Yi´ (bái Yí 白彝) are castes of the Nuosu people, not dialects.Nuosu is one of several often mutually unintelligible varieties known as Yi, Lolo, Moso, or Noso; the six Yi languages recognized by the Chinese government hold only 25% to 50% of their vocabulary in common. They share a common traditional writing system, though this is used for shamanism rather than daily accounting.
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Lisu
(48 codes from A4D0–A4FF,
symbl.cc)
Lisu is a Unicode block containing characters of the Fraser Lisu alphabet for writing the Lisu language. The Fraser Lisu alphabet (and by extension the block) consists of glyphs resembling capital letters in the basic Latin alphabet either in their standard form or turned upside down. (The addition of the block was subject to significant debate as to whether an entire block was necessary for the alphabet or if the turned letters not already in Unicode could instead be added under the Latin script section. Ultimately, the former approach was taken, and the Lisu letters are thus semantically different from their Latin counterparts.)
The Fraser alphabet or Old Lisu Alphabet is an artificial script invented around 1915 by Sara Ba Thaw, a Karen preacher from Myanmar, and improved by the missionary James O. Fraser, to write the Lisu language. It is a single-case (unicameral) alphabet.
The alphabet uses uppercase letters from the Latin script, and rotated versions thereof, to write consonants and vowels. Tones and nasalization are written with Roman punctuation marks, identical to those found on a typewriter. Like the Indic abugidas, the vowel ´a´ is not written. However, unlike those scripts, the other vowels are written with full letters.
The Chinese government recognized the alphabet in 1992 as the official script for writing in Lisu.
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Vai
(320 codes from A500–A63F, Syllabary, Language: Vai,
symbl.cc)
The Fraser script or Lisu script is an alphabet created in 1915 by a missionary protestant James Fraser for the Lisu language. Currently, the Fraser script is the official font for the Lisu living in China.
The script is based on the capital letters of the Latin alphabet. Apart from that, you can find the following signs: uppercase Latin letters inverted from top to bottom or from left to right. Tones are indicated by European punctuation marks.
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Cyrillic Extended-B
(,
symbl.cc)
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Bamum
(96 codes from A6A0–A6FF, Semisyllabary, Language: Bamum,
symbl.cc)
Bamum is a Unicode block containing the characters used for the modern script of the Bamum language (western Cameroon). The characters for old spellings (stages A-F) are in the Bamum supplement block.
The Bamum scripts are a series of six scripts created for the Bamum language by King Njoya of Cameroon in the early twentieth century. They are notable for evolving from a pictographic system to an alphabetic syllabic writing over 14 years, from 1896 to 1910. The Bamum alphabet was introduced in 1918, but the script died out in 1931.
It´s a really funny fact that Njoya was not satisfied with the writing and changed it 6 times. If the first variant was purely ideographic, the last was a syllabic script. At first, the signs were just drawings, then gradually they began to be used as riddles until their lexical meaning was lost.
The goal of the writing reforms was to reduce the number of signs. However, Njoya did not think about the side effects of this decision. For example, he ignored that Bamum is a tonal language. As a result, many homographs appeared in the text. Homographs are words that were spelled the same way but differed in pronunciation due to tones, which, therefore, led to semantic confusion.
After the French arrived in Cameroon in 1918, they treated Njoya badly, as he had a good relationship with the German administration. That´s why Njoya went to the greatest exile, and the Bamum alphabet was banned. The writing is currently on the verge of extinction.
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Modifier Tone Letters
(32 codes from A700–A71F,
symbl.cc)
Modifier Tone Letters is a Unicode block containing tone markings for Chinese, Chinantec, Africanist, and other phonetic transcriptions. It does not contain the standard IPA tone marks, which are found in Spacing Modifier Letters.
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Latin Extended-D
(224 codes from A720–A7FF, Alphabet,
symbl.cc)
Latin Extended-D is a Unicode block containing Latin characters for phonetic, Mayan, and Medieval transcription and notation systems. 89 of the characters in this block are for medieval characters proposed by the Medieval Unicode Font Initiative.
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Syloti Nagri
(48 codes from A800–A82F, Abugida, Language: Sylheti, Bengali,
symbl.cc)
Syloti Nagri is a Unicode block containing characters of the Syloti Nagri script for writing the Sylheti language of Bangladesh and Assam.
Sylheti Nagari or Syloti Nagri (Silôṭi Nagôri) is the original script used for writing the Sylheti language. It is an almost extinct script, this is because the Sylheti Language itself was reduced to only dialect status after Bangladesh gained independence and because it did not make sense for a dialect to have its own script, its use was heavily discouraged. The government of the newly formed Bangladesh did so to promote a greater “Bengali” identity. This led to the informal adoption of the Eastern Nagari script also used for Bengali0980–09FF and Assamese. It is also known as Jalalabadi Nagri, Mosolmani Nagri, Ful Nagri etc.
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Common Indic Number Forms
(16 codes from A830–A83F,
symbl.cc)
Such fraction signs were applied in the north of India and in some southern writing systems — for example, in Kannada. Apart from that, it was widely used in some particular regions of Pakistan and Nepal. Such fraction signs are still found in various written texts starting from the 16th century. Nowadays you may happen to meet them too. They perform as marks of price, weight, size and other characteristics.
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Phags-pa
(64 codes from A840–A87F, Abugida, Language: Mongolian, Sanskrit, Tibetan, Chinese, Uyghur,
symbl.cc)
The ´Phags-pa script, (Mongolian: дөрвөлжин үсэг “Square script”) was an alphabet designed by the Tibetan monk and vice-king Drogön Chögyal Phagpa for the Mongol Yuan emperor Kublai Khan as a unified script for the literary languages of the Yuan. Widespread use was limited to about a hundred years during the Yuan Dynasty, and it fell out of use with the advent of the Ming dynasty. The documentation of its use provides clues about the changes in the varieties of Chinese, the Tibetic languages, Mongolian and other neighboring languages during the Yuan era.
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Saurashtra
(96 codes from A880–A8DF, Alphabet, Language: Saurashtra,
symbl.cc)
Saurashtra is a script used to write the Saurashtra language. Its usage has declined and Tamil0B80–0BFF script and Latin are now used more commonly.The Saurashtra Language is written in its own script. Because this is a minority language not taught in schools, people learn to write in Sourashtra Script through Voluntary Organisations like Sourashtra Vidya Peetam, Madurai. Sourashtra is the popular spelling and it refers to both the Sourashtra language and a person who speaks Sourashtram. Saurashtra is an area in Gujarat State in India, from where the present Sourashtras in Tamil Nadu traditionally believed to have migrated some centuries back. Vrajlal Sapovadia describe Saurashtra language alphabet and language as hybrid of Gujarati, Devnagari, Marathi & Tamil.
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Devanagari Extended
(32 codes from A8E0–A8FF, Abugida, Language: Marathi, Indian, Sanskrit, Hindi,
symbl.cc)
Devanagari Extended is a Unicode block containing cantillation marks for writing the Samaveda, and nasalization marks for the Devanagari script.
Devanagari is literally translated as divine urban script. It´s a type of the Indian script called Nagari, which comes from the Old Indian script called Brahmi. It was created between the VIII and XII centuries. It´s applied in various Indian languages and dialects, such as Hindu. The distinctive feature of Devanagari is that the script has an upper horizontal line, which serves as a base for the letters dangling from it.
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Kayah Li
(48 codes from A900–A92F, Abugida, Language: Kayah,
symbl.cc)
The Kayah Li alphabet is used to write the Kayah languages Eastern Kayah Li and Western Kayah Li, which are members of Karenic branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family. They are also known as Red Karen and Karenni. Eastern Kayah Li is spoken by about 26,000 people, and Western Kayah Li by about 100,000 people, mostly in the Kayah and Karen states of Myanmar, but also by people living in Thailand.
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Rejang
(48 codes from A930–A95F, Abugida, Language: Rejang,
symbl.cc)
The Rejang script, sometimes spelt Redjang and locally known as Surat Ulu (´upstream script´), is an abugida of the Brahmic family, and is related to other scripts of the region, like Batak1BC0–1BFF, Buginese1A00–1A1F, and others.
What is an abugida? We mention this type of alphabet quite often here. Basically, it´s a consonant-driven alphabet, where vowels don´t stand independently, but rather come together with consonants.
Rejang is a member of the closely related group of Surat Ulu scripts that include the script variants of Bengkulu, Lembak, Lintang, Lebong, and Serawai. Other scripts that are closely related, and sometimes included in the Surat Ulu group, are Kerinci and Lampung.
The script was in use prior to the introduction of Islam to the Rejang area; the earliest document dates from the mid-18th century CE. The Rejang script is sometimes also known as the KaGaNga script following the first three letters of the alphabet. The term KaGaNga was never used by the script community, but it was coined by the British anthropologist Mervyn A. Jaspan (1926–1975) in his book “Folk literature of South Sumatra. Redjang Ka-Ga-Nga texts.” Canberra, The Australian National University 1964.
The script was used to write texts in Malay and Rejang, which is now spoken by about 200,000 people living in Indonesia on the island of Sumatra in the southwest highlands. There are five major dialects of Rejang: Lebong, Musi, Kebanagung, Pesisir (all in Bengkulu Province), and Rawas (in South Sumatra Province). Most of its users live in fairly remote rural areas, of whom slightly less than half are literate.
The traditional Rejang corpus consists chiefly of ritual texts, medical incantations, and poetry.
- ↑
Hangul Jamo Extended-A
(32 codes from A960–A97F, Alphabet, Language: Korean,
symbl.cc)
Hangul is a phonemic script of the Korean language. Hangul´s main characteristic feature is that the letters are united into groups according to syllables. This type of writing was developed in the middle of the XV century. Nowadays it´s the main script of South Korea and the only one used in the Democratic People´s Republic of Korea (DPRK).
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Javanese
(96 codes from A980–A9DF, Abugida, Language: Javanese, Sundanese,
symbl.cc)
The Javanese script, natively known as Aksara Jawa and Hanacaraka, is an abugida developed by the Javanese people to write several languages spoken in Indonesia. It has 20 signs for consonants (which by default mean syllables ending with ´a´):
ha, na, ca, ra, kada, ta, sa, wa, lapa, dha, ja, ya, nyama, ga, ba, tha, nga
Primarily there was an early form of Javanese called Kawi, as well as the liturgical language Sanskrit. The script is a descendant of the Brahmi script, that´s why it has many similarities with the modern scripts of South and Southeast Asia.
The Javanese script, along with the Balinese script, is considered the most elaborate and ornate among Brahmic scripts of Southeast Asia. I mean look at these marvellous ornaments and decorations: ꧁꧂ Wonderful!
When was the Javanese alphabet popular? The script was widely used by the court scribes of Java and the Lesser Sunda Islands. Numerous efforts to standardize the script were made in the late 19th to early 20th-century, with the invention of the script´s first metal type and the development of concise orthographic guidelines. However, further development was halted abruptly during the Japanese occupation of Indonesia in which its use was prohibited, and the script´s use has since declined. Today, the Javanese script has been largely replaced by the Latin alphabet.
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Myanmar Extended-B
(32 codes from A9E0–A9FF,
symbl.cc)
Myanmar Extended-B is a Unicode block containing Burmese script characters for writing Pali and Tai Laing.
- ↑
Cham
(96 codes from AA00–AA5F, Abugida, Language: Cham,
symbl.cc)
Cham is a Unicode block containing characters for writing the Cham language, primarily used for the Eastern dialect in Cambodia.The Cham alphabet is an abugida.
What is an abugida? We mention this type of alphabet quite often here. Basically, it´s a consonant-driven alphabet, where vowels don´t stand independently, but rather come together with consonants.
Anyway, Cham is an Austronesian language spoken by some 230,000 Cham people in Vietnam and Cambodia. It is written horizontally left to right, as is English.As for the origins, it comes from the Brahmi alphabet. The earliest inscriptions found in this language date back to the I thousand years AC. A lot of ancient manuscripts have survived till our days. By them we can judge about the nature of the texts written in Cham. They were mostly religious, astrological, historical, mythological and other texts.
Nowadays the majority of Cambodia Chams write the Arabic alphabet, and the Cham script use is restricted to Vietnam. At the times of the French colonization all Chams were supposed to use Latin for all of their languages. The script plays an important role in the traditional Cham culture. However, it doesn´t contribute to the culture´s preservation and wide use.
In 2008 Cham was added to Unicode.
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Myanmar Extended-A
(32 codes from AA60–AA7F, Abugida,
symbl.cc)
Burmese script is the written form of the Burmese language. It can be characterized as a kind of Indian consonant-syllabic script (abugida). It is used in Burma to write in Burmese, Mon (Mon script), Shan (Shan script) and several Karen languages. The characteristic feature of Burmese lies in its round forms. It can be explained through the fact that the traditional palm leaves used for writing were torn from straight lines, and therefore served as shape-forming materials.
The writing goes from left to right. There are no omissions between words, although informal writing contains spaces between sentences.
Burmese script, originating from the Mon script, has undergone significant changes to accommodate Burmese phonology and SVO word order. The font changes depending on the language (Shan, Mon, etc.)
- ↑
Tai Viet
(96 codes from AA80–AADF, Abugida,
symbl.cc)
Tai Viet script serves for writing in three Thai languages: Tai Dam, Tai Don and Thai Son. The total number of speakers is 1.3 million people. However, this alphabet is used mainly in Vietnam.
Tai Viet is similar to other Thai scripts. This is abugida. Here vowel signs can be placed before, after, above or below the consonant symbol, forming syllables. There are two forms for consonants — upper and lower, and their position shows the tone of the sound.
In Thai Viet words are written from left to right. Traditionally, spaces are placed only between sentences, but in the recent 30 years Thais have begun to leave gaps between words.
The last five special characters (AADB-AADF) mean the following: • human; • one; • repetition of the previous word; • the beginning of a song or a verse; • the end of a song or a verse..
- ↑
Meetei Mayek Extensions
(32 codes from AAE0–AAFF, Abugida,
symbl.cc)
This block contains the outdated symbols of the manipuri script for Meitei. Here you can find: • 9 consonants; • 2 independent and 5 dependable vowels; • 2 punctuation marks; • the philosophical symbol of auspiciousness; • marks for syllable and word repetition..
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Ethiopic Extended-A
(48 codes from AB00–AB2F, Abugida, Language: Ethiopian Semitic,
symbl.cc)
Ethiopic Extended-A is a Unicode block containing Ge´ez characters for the Gamo-Gofa-Dawro, Basketo, and Gumuz languages of Ethiopia.The Ethiopic script (Ge´ez alphabet ግዕዝ) is an abugida (consonant-syllabic writing), originally developed to write the Ancient Ethiopian language Ge´ez in the state of Aksum. The languages that use Ethiopic call it Fidäl (ፊደል), which is literally translated as ´script´ or ´alphabet´.
Is the Ethiopian language the only one that applied the Ethiopic script? Not really. Ethiopic was also adapted for writing other languages. As a rule, they belonged to the Ethiopian Semitic group. The most widespread one — Amharic in Ethiopia and Tigrinya in Eritrea and Ethiopia. Apart from that, it is used for some of the Gurage languages, as well as Meken and many other languages of Ethiopia. In Eritrea, it is traditionally applied for the Kushite language Bilin. However, some languages had to move on from Ethiopic. For example, Oromo, which belongs to the African horn branch, but had to switch from Ethiopic to Latin.
In 1956 Sheikh Bakri Sapalo, an Oromo scholar, poet and religious teacher, invented of a writing system for the Oromo language. The syllabus was pretty similar to Ethiopian. However, the basic characters were developed later on their own.
In order to indicate sounds, this article uses a special system. It is common among linguists who study the Ethiopian languages, but it deviates from the International Phonetic Alphabet.
- ↑
Latin Extended-E
(64 codes from AB30–AB6F,
symbl.cc)
Latin Extended-E is a Unicode block containing Latin script characters used in German dialectology and Americanist usage.
- ↑
Cherokee Supplement
(80 codes from AB70–ABBF,
symbl.cc)
Another block with the syllabic Cherokee script. Here you can find the encodings of all lowercase variations of the characters, except for the six ones that are in the main section.
- ↑
Meetei Mayek
(64 codes from ABC0–ABFF,
symbl.cc)
Manipuri (মনিপুরি) , meitei or meithei (মেইতেই) — the language of the Manipuri people and the official language of Manipur State, located in northeastern India.
The language is also spoken in neighboring states — Assam, Tripura, Nagaland and West Bengal, as well as in Bangladesh (15,000 people, 2003) and Burma. The number of Indian people who called Manipuri their mother tongue was 1270,216 according to the 1991 census, of which 1110134 (84.7%) lived in Manipur state.
Manipuri belongs to the Tibeto-Burman subfamily of the Sino-Tibetan language family. It traditionally belongs to the Kuki-chin-naga branch, where it has a special place. The language is tonal, the word order is SOV (subject — object — verb).
Manipuri should not be confused with the Bishnupriya-Manipuri language, which belongs to the Indo-Aryan group of languages and is spoken in Assam, Manipur, some regions of Bangladesh and Burma.
- ↑
Hangul Syllables
(11184 codes from AC00–D7AF, Alphabet, Language: Korean, Cia-cia,
symbl.cc)
Hangul Syllables is a Unicode block containing precomposed Hangul syllable blocks for Modern Korean. The syllables can be directly mapped by algorithm to sequences of characters in the Hangul Jamo Unicode block.
Hangul is a phonemic script of the Korean language. A characteristic feature of Hangul is that the letters are combined into groups that correspond to the syllables. This type of writing was developed in the middle of the XV century and now it is the main one in South Korea and the only one in the DPRK.
How was the Korean alphabet Hangul born? In the past, the Korean language used the Chinese writing system based on the hanja which was very difficult to learn. Especially for the poorest people who did not have access to education. To solve this problem, King Sejong decided to introduce a new system of phonetic writing. Hunminjeongeum (훈민정음) was the first book to promote the Hangul alphabet and its title means “the right sounds for the instruction of the people”.
Hangul consists of 19 consonants (14 single consonants and 5 double consonants) and 21 vowels (6 single vowels, 4 iotized vowels and 11 diphthongs) that are combined with each other. But unlike the Spanish alphabet, the Hangul symbols do not follow each other linearly to form a word. They are united in syllabic groups.
- ↑
Hangul Jamo Extended-B
(80 codes from D7B0–D7FF,
symbl.cc)
Hangul Jamo Extended-B is a Unicode block containing positional (Choseong, Jungseong, and Jongseong) forms of archaic Hangul consonant and vowel clusters. They can be used to dynamically compose syllables that are not available as precomposed archaic Hangul syllables in Unicode containing sounds that have since merged phonetically with other sounds in modern pronunciation.
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High Surrogates
(896 codes from D800–DB7F,
symbl.cc)
The UCS uses surrogates to address characters outside the initial Basic Multilingual Plane without resorting to more than 16 bit byte representations.
By combining pairs of the 2,048 surrogate code points, the remaining characters in all the other planes can be addressed (1,024 × 1,024 = 1,048,576 code points in the other 16 planes). In this way, UCS has a built-in 16 bit encoding capability for UTF-16. These code points are divided into leading or “high surrogates” (D800–DBFF) and trailing or “low surrogates” (DC00–DFFF). In UTF-16, they must always appear in pairs, as a high surrogate followed by a low surrogate, thus using 32 bits to denote one code point.
A surrogate pair denotes the code point 1000016 + (H − D80016) × 40016 + (L − DC0016)where H and L are the numeric values of the high and low surrogates respectively.Since high surrogate values in the range DB80–DBFF always produce values in the Private Use planes, the high surrogate range can be further divided into (normal) high surrogates (D800–DB7F) and “high private use surrogates” (DB80–DBFF).
Isolated surrogate code points have no general interpretation; consequently, no character code charts or names lists are provided for this range. In the Python programming language, individual surrogate codes are used to embed undecodable bytes in Unicode strings.
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High Private Use Surrogates
(128 codes from DB80–DBFF,
symbl.cc)
Surrogates (high and low). The UCS includes 2,048 code points in the Basic Multilingual Plane (BMP) for surrogate code point pairs. Together these surrogates allow any code point in the sixteen other planes to be addressed by using two surrogate code points. This provides a simple built-in method for encoding the 20.1 bit UCS within a 16 bit encoding such as UTF-16. In this way UTF-16 can represent any character within the BMP with a single 16-bit byte.
Characters outside the BMP are then encoded using two 16-bit bytes (4 octets total) using the surrogate pairs.Private Use. The consortium provides several private use blocks and planes that can be assigned characters within various communities, as well as operating system and font vendors.
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Low Surrogates
(1024 codes from DC00–DFFF,
symbl.cc)
The UCS uses surrogates to address characters outside the initial Basic Multilingual Plane without resorting to more than 16 bit byte representations.
By combining pairs of the 2,048 surrogate code points, the remaining characters in all the other planes can be addressed (1,024 × 1,024 = 1,048,576 code points in the other 16 planes). In this way, UCS has a built-in 16 bit encoding capability for UTF-16. These code points are divided into leading or “high surrogates” (D800–DBFF) and trailing or “low surrogates” (DC00–DFFF). In UTF-16, they must always appear in pairs, as a high surrogate followed by a low surrogate, thus using 32 bits to denote one code point.
A surrogate pair denotes the code point 1000016 + (H − D80016) × 40016 + (L − DC0016)where H and L are the numeric values of the high and low surrogates respectively.Since high surrogate values in the range DB80–DBFF always produce values in the Private Use planes, the high surrogate range can be further divided into (normal) high surrogates (D800–DB7F) and “high private use surrogates” (DB80–DBFF).
Isolated surrogate code points have no general interpretation; consequently, no character code charts or names lists are provided for this range. In the Python programming language, individual surrogate codes are used to embed undecodable bytes in Unicode strings.
- ↑
Private Use Area
(6400 codes from E000–F8FF,
symbl.cc)
The Private Use Areas (PUA) in Unicode are three ranges of code points (U+E000–U+F8FF in the BMP, and in planes 15 and 16) that, by definition, will not be assigned characters by the Unicode Consortium. The code points in these areas cannot be considered as standardized characters in Unicode itself. They are intentionally left undefined so that third parties may define their own characters without conflicting with Unicode Consortium assignments.
Does it mean that you are the one who can decide what to put there? I´m not sure. In any case, the Unicode Stability Policy suggests that the Private Use Areas remain allocated for the purpose under discussion in all future Unicode versions. However, it is known that interpretation may be determined by private agreement among cooperating users.
Assignments to Private Use Area characters need not be “private” in the sense of strictly internal to an organisation; a number of assignment schemes have been published by several organisations. Such publication may include a font that supports the definition (showing the glyphs), and software making use of the private-use characters (e.g. a graphics character for a “print document” function). By definition, multiple private parties may assign different characters to the same code point, with the consequence that a user may see one private character from an installed font where a different one was intended.
- ↑
CJK Compatibility Ideographs
(512 codes from F900–FAFF,
symbl.cc)
CJK Compatibility Ideographs is a Unicode block containing rare Han ideographs.
The Chinese script (漢字, 汉字) has been the only common alphabet for writing Chinese for thousands of years. The characters and punctuation used in Chinese writing are also widespread in Japanese and Korean. Until 1945 the Chinese script was applied to the Vietnamese language.
Going back to the basics, what is CJK anyway? In the context of internationalisation, it is a collective term for the Chinese, Japanese, and Korean languages, which include Chinese characters.
The age of the Chinese script is constantly under clarification. In 1962 during the archeological digging of the Neolithic settlement of Jiahu on the Yellow River, there was made a discovery about the inscriptions on turtle shells resembling the ancient Chinese hieroglyphs. The pictograms date back to the VI millennium BC, which is even older than Sumerian writing. Previously, a well-known researcher of Chinese writing, Tang Lan, suggested that Chinese hieroglyphics originated 4-5 millennia ago. In a nutshell, there is plenty of information to research.
As you might know, the Chinese writing tends to be called hieroglyphic and ideographic. It is radically different from the alphabetic one in terms of characters, as each character is assigned a particular meaning, not only phonetic, but semiotic too. The number of such characters is huge and it may account up to 10 000 and more! That´s why studying Chinese may be challenging for those who have only encountered European languages. I once attended a workshop on Chinese for beginners. The teacher told us that to learn Chinese, ”you have to reshape your way of thinking” in order to comprehend the concepts. Sounds impressive, right? So if you decide to study it too, you know where to find the characters. This block offers a huge variety of them and comes in handy, if you don´t plan to change your keyboard. Just copy these symbols and paste wherever you need to.
- ↑
Alphabetic Presentation Forms
(80 codes from FB00–FB4F,
symbl.cc)
Alphabetic Presentation Forms is a Unicode block containing standard ligatures for the Latin, Armenian, and Hebrew scripts.
- ↑
Arabic Presentation Forms-A
(688 codes from FB50–FDFF,
symbl.cc)
Arabic Presentation Forms-A is a Unicode block encoding contextual forms and ligatures of letter variants needed for Persian, Urdu, Sindhi and Central Asian languages. The presentation forms are present only for compatibility with older standards, and are not currently needed for coding text.
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Variation Selectors
(16 codes from FE00–FE0F,
symbl.cc)
Variation Selectors is a Unicode block containing 16 Variation Selector format characters (designated VS1 through VS16). They are used to specify a specific glyph variant for a Unicode character. They are currently used to specify standardized variation sequences for mathematical symbols, symbols, ´Phags-pa letters, and CJK unified ideographs corresponding to CJK compatibility ideographs. At present only standardized variation sequences with VS1, VS15 and VS16 have been defined.
- ↑
Vertical Forms
(16 codes from FE10–FE1F,
symbl.cc)
Vertical Forms is a Unicode block containing vertical punctuation for compatibility characters with the Chinese Standard GB 18030.
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Combining Half Marks
(16 codes from FE20–FE2F,
symbl.cc)
Combining Half Marks is a Unicode block containing diacritic mark parts for spanning multiple characters.
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CJK Compatibility Forms
(32 codes from FE30–FE4F,
symbl.cc)
CJK Compatibility Forms is a Unicode block containing vertical glyph variants for East Asian compatibility.
The Chinese script (漢字, 汉字) has been the only common alphabet for writing Chinese for thousands of years. The characters and punctuation used in Chinese writing are also widespread in Japanese and Korean. Until 1945 the Chinese script was applied to the Vietnamese language.
Going back to the basics, what is CJK anyway? In the context of internationalisation, it is a collective term for the Chinese, Japanese, and Korean languages, which include Chinese characters.
The age of the Chinese script is constantly under clarification. In 1962 during the archeological digging of the Neolithic settlement of Jiahu on the Yellow River, there was made a discovery about the inscriptions on turtle shells resembling the ancient Chinese hieroglyphs. The pictograms date back to the VI millennium BC, which is even older than Sumerian writing. Previously, a well-known researcher of Chinese writing, Tang Lan, suggested that Chinese hieroglyphics originated 4-5 millennia ago. In a nutshell, there is plenty of information to research.
As you might know, the Chinese writing tends to be called hieroglyphic and ideographic. It is radically different from the alphabetic one in terms of characters, as each character is assigned a particular meaning, not only phonetic, but semiotic too. The number of such characters is huge and it may account up to 10 000 and more! That´s why studying Chinese may be challenging for those who have only encountered European languages. I once attended a workshop on Chinese for beginners. The teacher told us that to learn Chinese, ”you have to reshape your way of thinking” in order to comprehend the concepts. Sounds impressive, right? So if you decide to study it too, you know where to find the characters. This block offers a huge variety of them and comes in handy, if you don´t plan to change your keyboard. Just copy these symbols and paste wherever you need to.
- ↑
Small Form Variants
(32 codes from FE50–FE6F,
symbl.cc)
Small Form Variants is a Unicode block containing small punctuation characters for compatibility with the Chinese National Standard CNS 11643.
- ↑
Arabic Presentation Forms-B
(144 codes from FE70–FEFF,
symbl.cc)
Arabic Presentation Forms-B is a Unicode block encoding spacing forms of Arabic diacritics, and contextual letter forms. The presentation forms are present only for compatibility with older standards, and are not currently needed for coding text.
- ↑
Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms
(240 codes from FF00–FFEF,
symbl.cc)
In CJK (Chinese, Japanese and Korean) computing, graphic characters are traditionally classed into fullwidth (in Taiwan and Hong Kong: 全形; in CJK and Japanese: 全角) and halfwidth (in Taiwan and Hong Kong: 半形; in CJK and Japanese: 半角) characters. With fixed-width fonts, a halfwidth character occupies half the width of a fullwidth character, hence the name.
In the days of computer terminals and text mode computing, characters were normally laid out in a grid, often 80 columns by 24 or 25 lines. Each character was displayed as a small dot matrix, often about 8 pixels wide, and an SBCS (single byte character set) was generally used to encode characters of western languages.
For a number of practical and aesthetic reasons, Han characters would need to be twice as wide as these fixed-width SBCS characters. These “fullwidth characters” were typically encoded in a DBCS (double byte character set), although less common systems used other variable-width character sets that used more bytes per character.
- ↑
Specials
(16 codes from FFF0–FFFF,
symbl.cc)
Specials is the name of a short Unicode block allocated at the very end of the Basic Multilingual Plane, at U+FFF0–FFFF.
- ↑
Linear B Syllabary
(128 codes from 10000–1007F,
symbl.cc)
Linear B Syllabary is a Unicode block containing characters for the syllabic writing of Mycenaean Greek. Another block containing Linear B Ideograms.
Mycenaean Greek is the most ancient attested form of the Greek language, spoken on the Greek mainland, Crete and Cyprus in the 16th to 12th centuries BC, before the hypothesised Dorian invasion which was often cited as the terminus post quem for the coming of the Greek language to Greece. The language is preserved in inscriptions in Linear B, a script first attested on Crete before the 14th century BC. Most instances of these inscriptions are on clay tablets found in Knossos in central Crete, and in Pylos in the southwest of the Peloponnese. Other tablets have been found at Mycenae itself, Tiryns and Thebes and at Chania in Western Crete. The language is named after Mycenae, one of the major centres of Mycenaean Greece.
The tablets remained long undeciphered, and every conceivable language was suggested for them, until Michael Ventris deciphered the script in 1952 and by a preponderance of evidence proved the language to be an early form of Greek.
The texts on the tablets are mostly lists and inventories. No prose narrative survives, much less myth or poetry. Still, much may be glimpsed from these records about the people who produced them and about Mycenaean Greece, the period before the so-called Greek Dark Ages.
- ↑
Linear B Ideograms
(128 codes from 10080–100FF,
symbl.cc)
Linear B Ideograms is a Unicode block containing ideographic characters for writing Mycenaean Greek. Several Linear B ideographs double as syllabic letters, and are encoded in the Linear B Syllabary block.
Mycenaean Greek is the most ancient attested form of the Greek language, spoken on the Greek mainland, Crete and Cyprus in the 16th to 12th centuries BC, before the hypothesised Dorian invasion which was often cited as the terminus post quem for the coming of the Greek language to Greece. The language is preserved in inscriptions in Linear B, a script first attested on Crete before the 14th century BC. Most instances of these inscriptions are on clay tablets found in Knossos in central Crete, and in Pylos in the southwest of the Peloponnese. Other tablets have been found at Mycenae itself, Tiryns and Thebes and at Chania in Western Crete. The language is named after Mycenae, one of the major centres of Mycenaean Greece.
The tablets remained long undeciphered, and every conceivable language was suggested for them, until Michael Ventris deciphered the script in 1952 and by a preponderance of evidence proved the language to be an early form of Greek.
The texts on the tablets are mostly lists and inventories. No prose narrative survives, much less myth or poetry. Still, much may be glimpsed from these records about the people who produced them and about Mycenaean Greece, the period before the so-called Greek Dark Ages.
- ↑
Aegean Numbers
(64 codes from 10100–1013F,
symbl.cc)
Aegean numbers was the numeral system used by the Minoan and Mycenaean civilizations. They are attested in several Aegean scripts (Linear A, Linear B). They may have survived in the Cypro-Minoan script where a single sign with “100” value is attested so far on a large clay tablet from Enkomi.
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Ancient Greek Numbers
(80 codes from 10140–1018F,
symbl.cc)
Ancient Greek Numbers is a Unicode block containing acrophonic numerals used in ancient Greece.
Attic numerals were used by the ancient Greeks, possibly from the 7th century BC. They were also known as Herodianic numerals because they were first described in a 2nd-century manuscript by Herodian. They are also known as acrophonic numerals because the symbols derive from the first letters of the words that the symbols represent: five, ten, hundred, thousand and ten thousand. See Greek numerals and acrophony, click the numbers to find out their English names.
- ↑
Ancient Symbols
(64 codes from 10190–101CF,
symbl.cc)
Ancient Anz is a Unicode block containing Roman characters for currency, weights, and measures.
- ↑
Phaistos Disc
(48 codes from 101D0–101FF,
symbl.cc)
Phaistos Disc is a Unicode block containing the characters found on the undeciphered Phaistos Disc artefact.
The Phaistos Disc (also spelled Phaistos Disk, Phaestos Disc) is a disk of fired clay from the Minoan palace of Phaistos on the Greek island of Crete, possibly dating to the middle or late Minoan Bronze Age (2nd millennium BC). It is about 15 cm (5.9 in) in diameter and covered on both sides with a spiral of stamped symbols. Its purpose and meaning, and even its original geographical place of manufacture, remain disputed, making it one of the most famous mysteries of archaeology. This unique object is now on display at the archaeological museum of Heraklion.
The disc was discovered in 1908 by the Italian archaeologist Luigi Pernier in the Minoan palace-site of Phaistos, and features 241 tokens, comprising 45 unique signs, which were apparently made by pressing hieroglyphic “seals” into a disc of soft clay, in a clockwise sequence spiraling toward the disc´s center.
The Phaistos Disc captured the imagination of amateur and professional archeologists, and many attempts have been made to decipher the code behind the disc´s signs. While it is not clear that it is a script, most attempted decipherments assume that it is; most additionally assume a syllabary, others an alphabet or logography. Attempts at decipherment are generally thought to be unlikely to succeed unless more examples of the signs are found, as it is generally agreed that there is not enough context available for a meaningful analysis.
Although the Phaistos Disc is generally accepted as authentic by archaeologists, a few scholars believe that the disc is a forgery or a hoax.
- ↑
Lycian
(32 codes from 10280–1029F,
symbl.cc)
The Lycian alphabet was used to write the Lycian language on the final stage of its existence. It was an extension of the Greek alphabet, with half a dozen new additional letters for sounds. However, it didn´t stem from Greek directly, but rather from the Phoenician alphabet. It was largely similar to the Lydian and the Phrygian alphabets.
That´s why the external similarity with the Greek alphabet is misleading: a number of letters similar in shape have completely different meanings. Although the Lycian script is basically alphabetic, there are some remnants of the consonantism of the Phoenician alphabet from which it originated (for example, one symbol for a consonant can mean a syllable).
- ↑
Carian
(64 codes from 102A0–102DF,
symbl.cc)
The Carian alphabets are a number of regional scripts used to write the Carian language of western Anatolia. It´s geographical location is between the ancient regions of Lycia and Lydia, the alphabets of which have a lot of similarities with Carian. You can even conduct your own investigation, as we have the Lycian and Lydian scripts on the website.
As you are to discover further, the main Carian inscriptions were found in Caria, Mainland Greece and Egypt.
Carian was deciphered primarily through Egyptian–Carian bilingual tomb inscriptions, starting with John Ray in 1981. I don´t know why, but I find it especially fascinating that to decipher a language you need to study not the books, not the papers, but the tombs of real people. People actually had to die for this language to be documented. Wow!
Wasn´t there any evidence to this script before? Well, there was, but only a few sound values and the alphabetic order of the script. The readings of Ray and subsequent scholars were largely confirmed with a Carian–Greek bilingual inscription discovered in Kaunos in 1996, which for the first time verified personal names, but the identification of many letters remains provisional and debated, and a few are wholly unknown.
Speaking of structure, the Carian scripts consisted of 30 alphabetic letters, with several geographic variants in Caria and a homogeneous variant attested from the Nile delta, where Carian mercenaries fought for the Egyptian pharaohs. They were written left-to-right in Caria (apart from the Carian–Lydian city of Tralleis) and right-to-left in Egypt.
- ↑
Coptic Epact Numbers
(32 codes from 102E0–102FF,
symbl.cc)
Coptic Epact Numbers is a Unicode block containing old Coptic number forms.
These numbers were used in some regions instead of letters of the Coptic alphabet. They were applied for encoding numbers, just like Roman numerals, and it was very popular around the world. Egyptian Christians were the ones who took advantage of this and turned Coptic into their liturgical language. Apart from that, there is also evidence of it being a part of the Bohairic dialect.
By the way, what does epact mean? Apparently, this term comes from astrology. According to today´s Gregorian calendar, an epact is a number representing the age of the Moon on January 1 in order to harmonize the lunar and solar calendars. Just as I thought.
The Coptic alphabet contains separate characters for each of the digits, 1-9 (0 is not indicated), each of the tens numbers from 10-90, and each of the hundreds numbers from 100-900. Numbers were composed from left-to-right by successively adding the values that each character or digit represented. Here are some examples of the numbers:
𐋭 — 40𐋱 — 80
!Fun Fact! There is a thousand mark diacritic 𐋠 that multiplies the digit by one thousand (so 5 with thousand mark = 5,000, 900 with thousand mark indicates 900,000). Therefore, 𐋠𐋠 represents a million.
- ↑
Old Italic
(48 codes from 10300–1032F,
symbl.cc)
Old Italic refers to any of several now extinct alphabet systems used on the Italian Peninsula in ancient times for various Indo-European languages (predominantly Italic) and non-Indo-European (e.g. Etruscan) languages.
The alphabets derive from the Euboean Greek Cumaean alphabet, used at Ischia and Cumae in the Bay of Naples in the eighth century BC.
Various Indo-European languages belonging to the Italic branch (Faliscan and members of the Sabellian group, including Oscan, Umbrian, and South Picene, and other Indo-European branches such as Celtic, Venetic and Messapic) originally used the alphabet. Faliscan, Oscan, Umbrian, North Picene, and South Picene all derive from an Etruscan form of the alphabet.
The Germanic runic alphabet was derived from one of these alphabets by the 2nd century.
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Gothic
(32 codes from 10330–1034F,
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The Gothic alphabet is an alphabet for writing the Gothic language, created in the 4th century by Ulfilas (or Wulfila) for the purpose of translating the Bible.
The alphabet is essentially an uncial form of the Greek alphabet, with a few additional letters to account for Gothic phonology: Latin F, two Runic letters to distinguish the /j/ and /w/ glides from vocalic /i/ and /u/, and the letter ƕair to express the Gothic labiovelar. It is completely different from the ´Gothic script´ of the Middle Ages, a script used to write the Latin alphabet.
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Old Permic
(48 codes from 10350–1037F,
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The Old Permic script, sometimes called Abur or Anbur, is a “highly idiosyncratic adaptation” of the Cyrillic script once used to write medieval Komi (Permic).
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Ugaritic
(32 codes from 10380–1039F,
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The Ugaritic script is a Cuneiform12000–123FF (wedge-shaped) abjad used from around either the fifteenth century BC or 1300 BC for Ugaritic, an extinct Northwest Semitic language, discovered in Ugarit (modern Ras Shamra), Syria, in 1928. It has 30 letters. Other languages (particularly Hurrian) were occasionally written in the Ugaritic script in the area around Ugarit, but that was the only spot.
By the way, what is abjad? It´s a writing system in which only consonants are represented, leaving vowel sounds to be inferred by the reader. Most of abjads, with the exception of Ugaritic, are written from right to left.
For example, Arabs may write پدر (“pdr”) and read it as pedar (father). The short vowels “e” and “a” are absent in writing. When needed, they can be denoted with diacritics: پِدَر
Anyway, the earliest evidence of both the North Semitic and South Semitic orders of the alphabet is provided by the clay tablets written in Ugaritic. This gave rise to the alphabetic orders of Arabic0600–06FF (starting with the earliest order of its abjad), the reduced Hebrew0590–05FF, and more distantly the Greek and Latin alphabets on the one hand, and of the Ge´ez alphabet on the other.
Arabic and Old South Arabian are the only other Semitic alphabets which have letters for all or almost all of the 29 commonly reconstructed proto-Semitic consonant phonemes. According to Manfried Dietrich and Oswald Loretz in Handbook of Ugaritic Studies (eds. Wilfred G.E. Watson and Nicholas Wyatt, 1999): “The language they represented could be described as an idiom which in terms of content seemed to be comparable to Canaanite texts, but from a phonological perspective, however, was more like Arabic”.
As it was mentioned above, the script is written from left to right. In spite of it having a cuneiform and being pressed into clay, its symbols were unrelated to those of the Akkadian cuneiform.
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Old Persian
(64 codes from 103A0–103DF,
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Old Persian cuneiform is a semi-alphabetic cuneiform script that was the primary script for the Old Persian language. Texts written in this cuneiform were found in Persepolis, Susa, Hamadan, Armenia, and along the Suez Canal. They were mostly inscriptions from the time period of Darius the Great and his son Xerxes. Later kings down to Artaxerxes III used corrupted forms of the language classified as “pre-Middle Persian”.
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Deseret
(80 codes from 10400–1044F,
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The Deseret alphabet (/dɛz.əˈrɛt./) is a phonemic English spelling reform developed in the mid-19th century by the board of regents of the University of Deseret (later the University of Utah) under the direction of Brigham Young, second president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
In public statements, Young claimed the alphabet was intended to replace the traditional Latin alphabet with an alternative, more phonetically accurate alphabet for the English language. This would offer immigrants an opportunity to learn to read and write English, he said, the orthography of which is often less phonetically consistent than those of many other languages. Similar experiments were not uncommon during the period, the most well-known of which is the Shavian alphabet. Young was the one who prescribed the learning of Deseret to the school system, stating “It will be the means of introducing uniformity in our orthography, and the years that are now required to learn to read and spell can be devoted to other studies”.
What happened after? The alphabet became a failure. Although some books were printed with the new letters, the alphabet never survived. However, I do enjoy a couple of their symbols. If you are as creative as I am, you will like them too:
𐐤 — lightning bolt-shaped scar from Harry Potter𐐝 — dancing snowman𐐦 — snake with a cross
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Shavian
(48 codes from 10450–1047F,
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The Shavian alphabet (also known as Shaw alphabet) is an alphabet funded by and named after Irish playwright George Bernard Shaw. It was supposed to provide simple, phonetic orthography for the English language to replace the difficulties of the conventional spelling.
George Bernard Shaw was not only an outstanding British writer, but also the advocate of the reforms regarding the English writing. He made a huge effort to implement the 40-letter fonetic alphabet that he created. Shaw even mentioned in his will that he left a reward to the person who would manage to spread the system and popularise it.
Shaw set three main criteria for the new alphabet: it should be(1) at least 40 letters;(2) as “phonetic” as possible (that is, letters should have a 1:1 correspondence to phonemes);(3) distinct from the Latin alphabet to avoid the impression that the new spellings were simply “misspellings”.
With this set in mind, Shaw started looking for the opportunities to make his dreams come true. One of his fans agreed to publish a book using Shaw´s alphabet. The book got approval, but it wasn´t successful. The Shaw´s readers already had his books at hand and were afraid (or simply didn´t want) to buy an edition written in a strange and odd language, which was hard to read and understand. This is a story of how one book failed to change the world...
However, Bernard Shaw´s alphabet was actually applied in some schools as an experiment. But the programme never stayed. Only some teachers approved of the new system, the rest agreed that the change was rather confusing for the students.
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Osmanya
(48 codes from 10480–104AF,
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The Osmanya alphabet (Somali: Cismaanya, Osmanya: 𐒋𐒘𐒈𐒑𐒛𐒒𐒕𐒀), also known as Far Soomaali (“Somali writing”), is a writing script created to transcribe the Somali language.
Here are some enjoyable facts about the language that we associate with pirates: • It was invented between 1920 and 1922 by Osman Yusuf Kenadid of the Majeerteen Darod clan, the nephew of Sultan Yusuf Ali Kenadid of the Sultanate of Hobyo; • The writing was pretty popular and in 1961 it was announced official along with Latin; • However, after the military changes it was forbidden; • Currently there is no confirmed data regarding this alphabet, due to the unstable situation in the country..
Anyways, you may use these symbols for texting or posting. For example, we decided to write the name of our website, and it looks like this: 𐒖𐒋𐒄𐒈𐒥. The last letter 𐒥 actually looks like a pirate´s hook.
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Osage
(80 codes from 104B0–104FF, Language: (UNESCO). Today It´s A Dead Language — The Last Native Speaker Passed Away In 2005. Nevertheless, In 2006 Herman Mongrain Lookout Created A Script For Osage. In 2014 He Improved It Significantly, And In 2016 It Was Added To Unicode.,
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This alphabet represents the Osage language which was spoken by Osage indians. They used to live in the north of Oklahoma (US). This language is included in the Red Book of Endangered Spr (UNESCO). Today it´s a dead language — the last native speaker passed away in 2005. Nevertheless, in 2006 Herman Mongrain Lookout created a script for Osage. In 2014 he improved it significantly, and in 2016 it was added to Unicode.
Оsage design is based on the Latin alphabet. Words are written from left to right. It uses common European diacritics, punctuation, and numbers.
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Elbasan
(48 codes from 10500–1052F,
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The Elbasan script is a mid 18th-century alphabetic script used for the Albanian language. It was named after the city of Elbasan where it was invented. It was mainly used in the area of Elbasan and Berat.
Here are some exciting facts about the Elbasan alphabet: • The primary document associated with the alphabet is the Elbasan Gospel Manuscript, known in Albanian as “The Anonymous of Elbasan”. The document was created at St. Jovan Vladimir´s Church in central Albania. Today it is preserved at the National Archives of Albania in Tirana. Its 59 pages contain Biblical content written in an alphabet of 40 letters. • The appearance of the symbols was likely based on the Greek letters. • The author of the script is Theodhor Haxhifilipi (1730-1806) • Beitha Kukju was the Elbasan´s closest neighbour (locally).
Actually, David Diringer points out that Elbasan and other alphabets could be created in order to hide the local texts from the Turkish government; thus, such scripts performed the encoding function.
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Caucasian Albanian
(64 codes from 10530–1056F,
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The Caucasian Albanian alphabet was an alphabet used by the Caucasian Albanians. They were one of the ancient and indigenous Northeast Caucasian peoples, whose territory comprised parts of present-day Azerbaijan and Daghestan.
A bit of linguistic insights. Caucasian Albanian was one of the two indigenous alphabets ever developed for the speakers of the indigenous Caucasian languages (i.e. Caucasian languages that are not a part of larger groups like the Turkic and Indo-European families). The other alphabet is Georgian.
The Armenian language, the third indigenous language of Caucasus with its own alphabet, is an independent branch of the Indo-European language family, so it doesn´t really count.
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Vithkuqi
(80 codes from 10570–105BF,
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The Vithkuqi alphabet was created in the middle of the 19th century for writing the Albanian language. Its creator, Albanian Naum Veqilharxhi, named it after his hometown called Vithkuq. The alphabet is also known as Butakukye, a name given to it by Johann Georg von Hahn, a prominent German expert on Albanian culture of that time.
This script was designed to replace alphabets based on Arabic, Greek, or Latin scripts. That´s why it didn´t use their letters. Besides, it was intended to be free from any political or religious associations.
However, redesigning the glyphs proved to be too expensive for printers, and the alphabet did not gain popularity. There are some documents printed in Vithkuqi script. Anyway, in 1909 the Latin-script-based alphabet became the official script for the Albanian language, and Vithkuqi didn´t take this position.
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Linear A
(384 codes from 10600–1077F,
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Linear A is a variety of the Cretan script which was developed in Ancient Greece. Along with Cretan hieroglyphic, it still remains undeciphered.
Long story short: this script was discovered by archaeologist Sir Arthur Evans. Actually Linear A was the primary script used in palace and religious writings of the Minoan civilization. The vast majority of the inscriptions were written on tablets made of unbaked clay, some of which have survived due to the fact that they were touched by some fires or arsons. Some inscriptions are inked on vessels and other objects. The shape of the signs suggests that the main material for writing was not clay, but parchment or similar material.
Linear A was the origin of the Linear B script, which was later used by the Mycenaean civilization. In the 1950s, Linear B was largely deciphered and found to contain the early form of Greek. Although the two systems share many symbols, this did not lead to a subsequent decipherment of Linear A. Using the values associated with Linear B, Linear A mainly produces unintelligible words. If it uses the same or similar syllabic values as Linear B, then its underlying language appears unrelated to any known language. This has been dubbed the Minoan language.
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Latin Extended-F
(64 codes from 10780–107BF,
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The Latin script extension F contains letters of the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) and its extension (extIPA). The latter is used for transcribing disordered speech, specifically for the speech belonging to the individuals with vocal impairments.
The only symbol related to voice quality here is this (VoQS). It refers to voiceless speech.
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Cypriot Syllabary
(64 codes from 10800–1083F,
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The Cypriot or Cypriote syllabary is a syllabic script used in Iron Age Cyprus, from about the 11th to the 4th centuries BCE, when it was replaced by the Greek alphabet. A pioneer of that change was king Evagoras of Salamis. It is descended from the Cypro-Minoan syllabary, in turn a variant or derivative of Linear A. Most texts using the script are in the Arcadocypriot dialect of Greek, but some bilingual (Greek and Eteocypriot) inscriptions were found in Amathus.
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Imperial Aramaic
(32 codes from 10840–1085F,
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The Ancient Aramaic alphabet is adapted from the Phoenician alphabet and it became distinctive from it by the 8th century BC. It was used to write the Aramaic language. All the letters represent consonants, some of which are matres lectionis, which also indicate long vowels.
The Aramaic alphabet is historically significant, since virtually all modern Middle Eastern writing systems can be traced back to it, as well as numerous non-Chinese writing systems of Central and East Asia. This happens because of the widespread usage of the Aramaic language as both a lingua franca and the official language of the Neo-Assyrian Empire, and its successor, the Achaemenid Empire. Among the scripts in modern use, the Hebrew alphabet bears the closest relation to the Imperial Aramaic script of the 5th century BC, with an identical letter inventory and, for the most part, nearly identical letter shapes.
In relation to this, Peter T. Daniels introduced a term called abjad. What does it mean? Abjadas are writing systems that indicate consonants but do not indicate most vowels (like Aramaic) or indicate them with added diacritical signs. Clearly we´re having case of an abjad here.
The purpose of abjads is to distinguish them from later alphabets, such as Greek, that represent vowels more systematically. A writing system that represents sounds must be either a syllabary or an alphabet, which implies that a system like Aramaic must be either a syllabary (as argued by Gelb) or an incomplete or deficient alphabet (as most other writers have said); however, it is a different type.
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Palmyrene
(32 codes from 10860–1087F,
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Palmyrene was a historical Semitic alphabet used to write the local Palmyrene dialect of Aramaic. It was used between 100 BCE and 300 CE in Palmyra in the Syrian desert. The oldest surviving Palmyrene inscription dates back to 44 BCE. The last surviving inscription dates to 274 CE, two years after Palmyra was sacked by Roman Emperor Aurelian, ending the Palmyrene Empire. The Palmyrene language and script became less popular, being replaced with Greek and Latin.
Palmyrene was derived from the cursive versions of the Aramaic alphabet. They have a lot in common: • twenty-two letters with only consonants represented; • horizontal writing from right-to-left; • numbers written right-to-left using a non-decimal system; • absence of spaces or punctuation between words and sentences (scriptio continua style)..
Speaking of the varieties, two forms of Palmyrene were developed: the rounded, cursive form derived from the Aramaic alphabet and later a decorative, monumental form developed from the cursive Palmyrene. Both the cursive and monumental forms commonly used typographic ligatures.
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Nabataean
(48 codes from 10880–108AF,
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The Nabataean alphabet is a consonantal alphabet (otherwise called abjad) that was used by the Nabataeans in the 2nd century BC. Its most significant inscriptions were found in Petra, Jordan. The alphabet descended from the , which developed from the Aramaic alphabet. Consequently, the cursive form of Nabataean grew into the Arabic alphabet in the 4th century, which is why the Nabataean´s letterforms seem like a mixture between the more northerly Semitic scripts (such as the Aramaic-derived Hebrew0590–05FF) and those of Arabic.
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Hatran
(32 codes from 108E0–108FF,
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Hatran is a dialect of the Aramaic language. It was used from the 1st century BC till the 3rd century AD. Its inscriptions were discovered during the excavations of Hatra on the territory of today´s Iraq — hence the name. It was also found in some other ancient cities of the Middle East.
The Hatran script contains 21 characters for consonants and five digits. It has neither vowels, nor punctuation marks. According to the Arabic tradition, the direction of writing goes from right to left.
Most of the Hatran inscriptions were found in Assur. They presented the deeds of gods and various names of the rulers in basic sentences. For example:
”Ashur is powerful” ܐܠܗܐ ܚܝܠܬܢܐ“Our lord has given (a son)” ܝܗܒ ܡܪܢ
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Phoenician
(32 codes from 10900–1091F,
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The Phoenician alphabet, called by convention the Proto-Canaanite alphabet for inscriptions older than around 1200 BC, is the oldest verified consonantal alphabet. It was used by the civilization of Phoenicia to write Phoenician (apparently), a Northern Semitic language. It is classified as an abjad because when you write it, you only put consonantal sounds (however, matres lectionis were used for some vowels in certain late varieties).
Just to make it clear: matres lectionis are consonants used to indicate a vowel.Global influencer
The Phoenician alphabet was derived from Egyptian hieroglyphics. It became one of the most widely used writing systems spread by Phoenician merchants across the Mediterranean world, where it evolved and was adapted by many other cultures. This is the approximate list of the scripts that were influenced by Phoenecian: • Paleo-Hebrew alphabet was built on the Phoenician • The Aramaic alphabet, a modified form of Phoenician, was the ancestor of modern Arabic script. • The Modern Hebrew script is a stylistic variant of the Aramaic script. • The Greek alphabet (and by extension its descendants such as the Latin, the Cyrillic, and the Coptic2C80–2CFF) were direct successors of Phoenician, including the first full alphabet (with vowels rather than just consonants)..
As the letters were originally incised with a stylus, most of the shapes are angular and straight, although more cursive versions are increasingly attested in later times, culminating in the Neo-Punic alphabet of Roman-era North Africa. Phoenician was usually written from right to left, although there are some texts written in boustrophedon.
Boustrophedon — the style of writing, which looks like a staircase: first line from left to right, second from right to left.
In 2005, UNESCO registered the Phoenician alphabet into the Memory of the World Programme as a heritage of Lebanon. Now we can truly see why.
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Lydian
(32 codes from 10920–1093F,
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Lydian script was used to write the Lydian language. That the language preceded the script is indicated by names in Lydian, which must have existed before they were written. Like other scripts of Anatolia in the Iron Age, the Lydian alphabet is a modification of the East Greek alphabet, but it has unique features. The same Greek letters may not represent the same sounds in both languages or in any other Anatolian language (in some cases it may). Moreover, the Lydian script is alphabetic.
Early Lydian texts are written both from left to right and from right to left. Later texts are exclusively written from right to left. One text is boustrophedon. Spaces separate words except that one text uses dots. Lydian uniquely features a quotation mark in the shape of a right triangle.
The first codification was made by Roberto Gusmani in 1964 in a combined lexicon (vocabulary), grammar, and text collection.
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Meroitic Hieroglyphs
(32 codes from 10980–1099F,
symbl.cc)
Meroitic Hieroglyphs is a Unicode block which can be characterized as a formal hieroglyphic. It presents various characters for writing Meroitic Egyptian. Here are the most important facts about this alphabet: • The Meroitic script is basically an alphabet of 23 symbols used from the II century BC till the V century AC in Nubia and Northern Sudan. • It has two varieties: hieroglyphic (known from inscriptions on monuments, comes from the Egyptian hieroglyphic writing) and cursive (from demotic writing). • The hieroglyphic symbols were written in columns, from top to bottom, from right to left. The more common cursive form was written from right to left, from top to bottom. • The alphabet was decoded at the beginning of the XX century by Francis Llewellyn Griffith; however, most symbols and meanings still remain unclear • 4 vowels + 14 consonants + 5 syllables • Apparently, the Meroitic script was also utilized for writing the Old Nubian language (the ancestor of Meroitic written mostly in Coptic or modified Greek).
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Meroitic Cursive
(96 codes from 109A0–109FF,
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The Meroitic script is an alphabetic script, used to write the Meroitic language of the Kingdom of Meroë in Sudan. It was developed in the Napatan Period (about 700–300 BCE) and it first appeared in the 2nd century BCE. Its use was described by the Greek historian Diodorus Siculus (c. 50 BCE). Here are the most important facts about this alphabet: • The Meroitic script is basically an alphabet of 23 symbols used from the II century BC till the V century AC in Nubia and Northern Sudan. • It has two varieties: hieroglyphic (known from inscriptions on monuments, comes from the Egyptian hieroglyphic writing) and cursive (from demotic writing). • The hieroglyphic symbols were written in columns, from top to bottom, from right to left. The more common cursive form was written from right to left, from top to bottom. • The alphabet was decoded at the beginning of the XX century by Francis Llewellyn Griffith; however, most symbols and meanings still remain unclear • 4 vowels + 14 consonants + 5 syllables • Apparently, the Meroitic script was also utilized for writing the Old Nubian language (the ancestor of Meroitic written mostly in Coptic or modified Greek) • In late 2008 the first complete royal dedication was found, which may help confirm or refute some of the current hypotheses. • The longest inscription found is currently kept in the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston..
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Kharoshthi
(96 codes from 10A00–10A5F,
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The Kharoṣṭhī script is an ancient script used by the ancient Gandhara culture of South Asia primarily in modern-day Afghanistan and Pakistan to write the Gāndhārī language (a prakrit) and the Sanskrit language. It developed from the Aramaic alphabet. It was spread in Northern India and the south of Middle Asia (Bactria, Sogdiana) in the III century BC — IV AC. Besides that, it was found along the Silk Road, where there is some evidence it may have survived until the 7th century in the remote way stations of Khotan and Niya.
Kharoṣṭhī may be characterized as a half-alphabetical, half-syllabic script, or alphasyllabary. Each character stood for a vowel or a combination like consonant + vowel. Syllabic vowels were marked by additional features or modifications of signs. The alphabet also had ligatures.
Unlike the Brahmi script, which existed in that era and was the ancestor of almost all modern alphabets of India and south-east Asia, the Kharoṣṭhī alphabet was long forgotten. It was decoded again only in the XIX century by James Prinsep.
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Old South Arabian
(32 codes from 10A60–10A7F,
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Old South Arabian المُسند is an antique script, which the modern Ethiopic writing stems from.
The ancient Yemeni alphabet (Old South Arabian ms3nd; modern Arabic: المُسنَد musnad) branched from the Proto-Sinaitic alphabet in about the 9th century BC. It was used for writing the Old South Arabian languages of the Sabaic, Qatabanic, Hadramautic, Minaic (or Madhabic), Himyaritic, and proto-Ge´ez (or proto-Ethiosemitic). The earliest inscriptions in the alphabet date back to the 9th century BC (Akkele Guzay, Eritrea) and the 10th century BC (Yemen).
Old South Arabian had reached its mature form around 500 BC. Its use continued afterwards till the 6th century AC, including Old North Arabian inscriptions, but it was displaced by the Arabic alphabet. In Ethiopia and Eritrea it evolved into the Ge´ez alphabet with added symbols throughout the centuries. It has been used to write Amharic, Tigrinya and Tigre, as well as other languages (including various Semitic, Cushitic, and Nilo-Saharan languages).
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Old North Arabian
(32 codes from 10A80–10A9F,
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Ancient North Arabian is a language known from fragmentary inscriptions in modern-day Iraq, Jordan, Syria and Saudi Arabia, dating to between roughly the 8th century BC and the 6th century AD, all written in scripts derived from Epigraphic South Arabian. Pre-classical Arabic (or Old Arabic), the predecessor of Classical Arabic, seems to have coexisted with these languages in central and north Arabia. However, Arabic remained exclusively a spoken language until it was first attested in an inscription in Qaryat al-Faw (formerly Qaryat Dhat Kahil, near Sulayyil, Saudi Arabia) in the 1st century BC.
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Manichaean
(64 codes from 10AC0–10AFF,
symbl.cc)
Manichaean script is an abjad-based writing system rooted in the Semitic family of alphabets and associated with the spread of Manichaean religion from southwest to central Asia and beyond, beginning in the 3rd century CE. It bears a sibling relationship to early forms of the Pahlavi script, both systems having developed from the Imperial Aramaic alphabet, in which the Achaemenid court rendered its particular, official dialect of the Aramaic language. Unlike Pahlavi, Manichaean script reveals influences from Sogdian script, which in turn descends from the branch of Aramaic. Manichaean script is so named because Manichaean texts attribute its design to Mani himself.
Older Manichaean texts appear in a script and language that is still identifiable as Syriac-Aramaic and these compositions are then classified as Syriac/Aramaic texts. Later texts using Manichaean script are attested in the literature of three Middle Iranian language ethnolects:the dialect of Sogdiana in the east, which had a large Manichean population.the dialect of Parthia in the northeast, which is indistinguishable from Medean of the northwest.the dialect of Parsa (Persia proper) in southwest Iran, formerly and properly known as Parsi.
The Manichaean system does not have a high incidence of Semitic language logograms and ideograms inherited from chancellery Imperial Aramaic that are an essential characteristic of the Pahlavi system. Besides that, Manichaean spelling was less conservative or historical and corresponded closer to contemporary pronunciation: e.g. a word such as āzād “noble, free” was written ʼčʼt in Pahlavi, but ʼʼzʼd in Manichaean Middle Persian of the same period.
Manichaean script was not the only script used to render Manichaean manuscripts. When writing in Sogdian, which was frequently the case, Manichaean scribes frequently used Sogdian script (“Uighur script”). Likewise, outside Manichaeism, the dialect of Parsa (Persia proper) was also recorded in other systems, including Pahlavi script (in which case it is known as Pahlavi) and Avestan script (in which case it is known as Pazend).
In the 19th century, German expeditions discovered a number of Manichaean manuscripts at Bulayiq on the Silk Road, near Turpan in north-west China. Many of these manuscripts are today preserved in Berlin.
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Avestan
(64 codes from 10B00–10B3F,
symbl.cc)
The Avestan alphabet is a written-right-to-left system developed from during Iran´s Sassanid era (AD 226–651) to record the Avestan language. Avestan was capable of expressing the variety of vowels, however it wasn´t quite a useful option.
The oldest manuscript dates back to the XIII-XIV centuries.
As a side effect of its development, the script was also used for Zoroastrianism — an Iranian oldest religion about good and evil. So the method of writing Middle Persian was used primarily for the Zend commentaries on the texts of the Avesta. In the texts of Zoroastrian tradition, the alphabet is referred to as din dabireh or din dabiri, Middle Persian for the religion´s script.
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Inscriptional Parthian
(32 codes from 10B40–10B5F,
symbl.cc)
Parthian Inscriptional (also referred to as Arsacid Pahlavi and Pahlawānīg) is a Unicode block containing characters of the official script of the Sassanid Empire.
It is characterized as a consonant written-from-left-to-right alphabet of the semitic type. Its formation finished in the 3-2 century BC, the writing served for the Persian language up to the Arab invasion in Iran. Parthian became the basis for the Avestan phonetic alphabet, which expressed various language concepts of the cult named Zoroastrianism — an Iranian oldest religion about good and evil.
Arsacid Pahlavi is the official alphabet of the Late Assyrian and Ancient Persian chancelleries of the 6th – 4th centuries BC. It was the foundation for most of the national Iranian and Turkic writing systems: Middle Persian, Uighur, Khorezm, Sogdian, Orkhon-Yenisei, etc. The Pahlavi font was used in the Middle Persian language, where translations from the ancient Iranian language “Avesta” (the Bible of the Zoroastrians) and commentaries to it “Zend” were written in the III-IX centuries. Therefore, the Pahlavi script was also called Phazend. The name “Pahlavi” comes from the eponym of Parthavia (Parthia), a country located southeast of the Caspian Sea.
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Inscriptional Pahlavi
(32 codes from 10B60–10B7F,
symbl.cc)
Pahlavi is the official alphabet of the Late Assyrian and Ancient Persian chancelleries of the 6th – 4th centuries BC. Inscriptional Pahlavi is the earliest attested form, it´s evident in clay fragments that are dated to the reign of Mithridates I (r. 171–38 BC). Other early evidence includes the Pahlavi inscriptions of Arsacid era coins, rock inscriptions of Sassanid kings, and other notables such as Kartir.
It was the foundation for most of the national Iranian and Turkic writing systems: Middle Persian, Uighur, Khorezm, Sogdian, Orkhon-Yenisei, etc. The Pahlavi font was used in the Middle Persian language, where translations from the ancient Iranian language “Avesta” (the Bible of the Zoroastrians) and commentaries to it “Zend” were written in the III-IX centuries. Therefore, the Pahlavi script was also called Phazend. The name “Pahlavi” comes from the eponym of Parthavia (Parthia), a country located southeast of the Caspian Sea.
This script contains 19 characters, such as letters and numbers.
- ↑
Psalter Pahlavi
(48 codes from 10B80–10BAF,
symbl.cc)
Psalter Pahlavi derives its name from the so-called “Pahlavi Psalter”, a 6th- or 7th-century translation of a Syriac book of psalms. This text, which was found at Bulayiq near Turpan in northwest China, is the earliest evidence of literary composition in Pahlavi, dating to the 6th or 7th century AD.
The manuscript comes from around the mid-6th century since the translation reflects liturgical additions to the Syriac original by Mar Aba I, who was Patriarch of the Church of the East.
The script of the psalms has 18 graphemes altogether, which is 5 more than Book Pahlavi and one less than Inscriptional Pahlavi. As for Book Pahlavi, we can see that the letters there are connected with each other.
Speaking of other sources of Psalter Pahlavi that survived, there are various inscriptions on a bronze processional cross found at Herat (today´s Afghanistan). Due to the dearth of comparable material, some words and phrases in both sources remain undeciphered.
- ↑
Old Turkic
(80 codes from 10C00–10C4F,
symbl.cc)
The Old Turkic script (also known as variously Göktürk script, Orkhon script, Orkhon-Yenisey script) is the alphabet used by the Göktürk and other early Turkic Khanates during the 8th to 10th centuries to record the Old Turkic language.
The script is named after the Orkhon Valley in Mongolia where early 8th-century inscriptions were discovered in an 1889 expedition by Nikolay Yadrintsev. These Orkhon inscriptions were published by Vasily Radlov and deciphered by the Danish philologist Vilhelm Thomsen in 1893.
This writing-system was later used within the Uyghur Empire. Additionally, a Yenisei variant is known from 9th-century Kyrgyz inscriptions, and it has likely cousins in the Talas Valley of Turkestan and the Old Hungarian script of the 10th century. Words were usually written from right to left.
Thomsen characterized the script as “Turkish runes”, and it is still occasionally described as runic or “runiform” by comparison to the Old Germanic alphabet that were used during roughly the same period.
- ↑
Old Hungarian
(128 codes from 10C80–10CFF,
symbl.cc)
Hungarian runes were used by Hungarians fot writing in their language before the Latin alphabet had been introduced in the 11th century. The earliest inscriptions date back to the 9th century. In some regions the runes managed to survive up to the 19th century, and they are still used nowadays as decorations. These runes are not related to Germanic, they derived from earlier Hungarian runes, which, in turn, came from Old Turkic.
The Old Hungarian runic alphabet consists of 42 letters. The vowels are clearly distinguished, but they were not used in writing unless it was the end of a word. In other spots they were omitted, like, for example, in Arabic.
Apart from that, several digits are encoded in the end positions of the block. The number system is similar to the Roman one.
- ↑
Hanifi Rohingya
(64 codes from 10D00–10D3F,
symbl.cc)
Hanifi is the alphabet for the language of the Rohingya people living in Myanmar and Bangladesh. The total number of native speakers is about 1 million people. The original script was developed in the 1980s by the language committee under the leadership of Nolan Mohammad Hanif. Before that, the Rohingya people used Arabic. Nowadays Hanifi is used both in digital and handwritten texts.
The Hanifi letters are similar to Arabic. The text goes from right to left. At the same time, the alphabet is characterized as constant-vocal. Independent vowels are marked by the letter “A”. You can add another vowel icon, if necessary. European and Arabic punctuation marks are used. Harifi has its own glyphs for decimal digits.
- ↑
Rumi Numeral Symbols
(32 codes from 10E60–10E7F,
symbl.cc)
Rumi Numeral Anz is a Unicode block containing numeric characters used in Fez, Morocco, and elsewhere in North Africa and the Iberian peninsula, between the tenth and seventeenth centuries.
- ↑
Yezidi
(64 codes from 10E80–10EBF,
symbl.cc)
The north of Iraq is inhabited by Yezidi people — a sub-ethic group of Kurds. That´s where two religious manuscripts were found. There are two theories regarding their origin. Different scholars suggest that they belong to the 11th, 12, 13th, 17th century. Some believe that they are fakes created in the 19th century. Nevertheless, in 2013 Yezidi priests located in Georgia began to revive the writing of Yezidi manuscripts. Several letters were added and removed, all ligatures were excluded. Nowadays the script is used in the Yezidi temple in Tbilisi to write prayers in the Northern Kurdish language (Kurmanji language).
The alphabet is presented in Unicode in a modern form, obsolete letters are encoded separately at the end of the block.
The Yezidi script belongs to the type of consonant-vocal scripts. The letters are written from right to left. What comes to its punctuation, there is only a hyphenation sign, which is placed above the last letter in the line. There were many diacritics in the manuscripts, but the meaning of most remains unclear. That´s why only two are included.
Modern texts use the European decimal digits, although Indo-Arabic forms were used in the manuscripts.
- ↑
Arabic Extended-C
(64 codes from 10EC0–10EFF,
symbl.cc)
This block contains several characters from the Quran. The extension C highlights those which are used in Turkey particularly.
- ↑
Old Sogdian
(48 codes from 10F00–10F2F,
symbl.cc)
This block contains the characters of the script which was created for writing in the Sogdian language. The alphabet was in use from the 3rd till the 6th century AD in Central Asia. This type of writing preceded newer Sogdian. The main difference between these two systems is that here the letters are not cursive, which means that they are not connected in writing.
- ↑
Sogdian
(64 codes from 10F30–10F6FThe origins,
symbl.cc)
Sogdian writing was used from the VII to XIV century for registering the Sogdian language accordingly. It got its name due to the territory where it was spread — Sogdiana (or Sogd), it´s a historiographic location in Central Asia. Most of the artifacts with Sogdian samples were discovered in Uzbekistan: manuscripts, coins, stones, ceramics, all kinds of evidence.
This alphabet evolved from Old Sogdian, which came from Syrian. Not to make it more confusing, but Sogdian in its turn became the ancestor and source for Uighur and Old Mongolian. When Islam became widespread, Sogdian was gradually replaced with Arabic variations.Typical features
The Sogdian alphabet belongs to the consonant type or abjad. The letters can go both horizontally from right to left and vertically from top to bottom. In the second case, the symbols are rotated counterclockwise by 90 degrees.
Like other consonant alphabets, Sogdian letters have several forms depending on their location in the word. Unicode mainly presents independent and isolated forms.
- ↑
Old Uyghur
(64 codes from 10F70–10FAF,
symbl.cc)
The Old Uyghur script developed from the cursive variant of Sogdian script around the 8th century. It was widely used to write the Old Uyghur language by the people who inhabited the Tarim Basin in northwestern China. Over time, it spread to many regions of Asia and was used for Chinese, Mongolian, Tibetan, and Arabic languages. It also served as the basis for the Old Mongolian script. By the 16th century, it was replaced by the Arabic script due to the Uyghurs´ conversion to Islam.
Formally, the Old Uyghur alphabet is consonantal. However, it includes what are known as matres lectionis, which are consonant letters that represent long vowel sounds. The writing is done vertically, from top to bottom, and the columns go from right to left.
- ↑
Chorasmian
(48 codes from 10FB0–10FDF,
symbl.cc)
The Central Asian country named Kwarezm was first mentioned in the 7th century BC. Its main part was located along Amu Daria river, where the territories of modern Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan were situated. The people that inhabited Kwarezm spoke their own language, which used the characters from this block.
The samples discovered can be divided in two separate styles of the Chorasmian script: • Lapidary. The word itself implies that the inscriptions were made on solid material, which means that the system of writing is less complicated — with no connections. Whole epitaphs on stone coffins have been preserved. This style was the first to appear. • Italic — inscriptions are present on wooden plaques, leather, coins. It is encoded in Unicode..
The earliest manuscripts containing Chorasmian writing date back to the 3rd century BC. It is believed to have evolved from . In the 8th century, with the spread of Islam, it was replaced by Arabic. The Chorasmian script had an impact on such writing systems as Parthian, Sogdian and Pahlavi.
The Chorasmian alphabet is characterized as constant. It includes 21 letters. The direction can be either from right to left or from top to bottom. Moreover, when it´s from top to bottom, the lines go from left to right. The words are separated by an empty space. There are no punctuation marks.
- ↑
Elymaic
(32 codes from 10FE0–10FFF,
symbl.cc)
After a series of military defeats under the rule of Alexander the Great, the Persian Empire temporarily ceased to exist. Its territory became the orgigin of some relatively independent states which started to appear there. One of them was Elimaida, located in the southwest of modern Iran, on the shores of the Persian Gulf. It is clear what language the locals spoke, but archaeologists found inscriptions in Aramaic written in a script similar to Aramaic. This alphabet was called the Elymaic alphabet and it´s encoded in Unicode.
Elymaic script is consonant-driven. The direction of writing goes from right to left. The letters are encoded as non-connecting (not italic), although in some sources they touch or overlap. The names of the symbols are taken from the Aramaic script, since the original ones are unknown.
Punctuation marks are not applied, except for the usual space between words. It also doesn´t have any proper characters for numbers.
- ↑
Brahmi
(128 codes from 11000–1107F,
symbl.cc)
Brāhmī is the modern name given to one of the oldest writing systems used in the Indian subcontinent and in Central Asia during the final centuries BCE and the early centuries CE.Controversy around origins
Like its contemporary, Kharoṣṭhī, which was used in what is now Afghanistan and Pakistan, Brahmi was an abugida.The best-known Brahmi inscriptions are the rock-cut edicts of Ashoka in north-central India, dated to 250–232 BCE. The script was deciphered in 1837 by James Prinsep, an archaeologist, philologist, and official of the East India Company. The origin of the script is still much debated, with current Western academic opinion generally agreeing (with some exceptions) that Brahmi was derived from or at least influenced by contemporary Semitic scripts. However, the current Indian tradition favors the idea that it is connected to the much older and yet-to-be deciphered Indus script. Brahmi was at one time referred to in English as the ”pin-man” script, that is ”stick figure” script.Brahmi´s fate
The Gupta script of the 5th century is sometimes called “Late Brahmi”. The Brahmi script diversified into numerous local variants, classified together as the Brahmic scripts. Dozens of modern scripts used across South Asia have descended from Brahmi, making it one of the world´s most influential writing traditions. One survey found 198 scripts that ultimately derive from it. Nevertheless, it didn´t prevent people from giving up on Brahmi in the middle centuries.
- ↑
Kaithi
(80 codes from 11080–110CF,
symbl.cc)
Kaithi, also called “Kayathi” or “Kayasthi”, is the name of a historical script used widely in parts of North India, primarily in the former North-Western Provinces, Awadh and Bihar. It was used for writing legal, administrative, and private records.
- ↑
Sora Sompeng
(48 codes from 110D0–110FF,
symbl.cc)
Sorang Sompeng script is used to write in Sora, a Munda language with 300,000 speakers in India. The script was created by Mangei Gomango in 1936 and is used in religious contexts. He was familiar with Oriya0B00–0B7F, Telugu0C00–0C7F and English, so the parent systems of the script are Brahmi and Latin.
- ↑
Chakma
(80 codes from 11100–1114F,
symbl.cc)
The Chakma alphabet (Ajhā pāṭh), also called Ojhapath, Ojhopath, Aaojhapath, is an abugida used for the Chakma language and which is being adapted for the Tanchangya language. The forms of the letters are quite similar to those of the Burmese script.
- ↑
Mahajani
(48 codes from 11150–1117F,
symbl.cc)
Mahajani is a Laṇḍā mercantile script that was historically used in northern India for writing accounts and financial records in Hindi, Punjabi, and Marwari. It is a Brahmic script and is written left-to-right.
- ↑
Sharada
(96 codes from 11180–111DF,
symbl.cc)
The Śāradā, or Sharada, script is an abugida writing system of the Brahmic family of scripts, developed around the 8th century. It was used for writing Sanskrit and Kashmiri. The Gurmukhī script was developed from Śāradā. Originally more widespread, its use became later restricted to Kashmir, and it is now rarely used except by the Kashmiri Pandit community for ceremonial purposes. Śāradā is another name for Saraswati, the goddess of learning.
- ↑
Sinhala Archaic Numbers
(32 codes from 111E0–111FF,
symbl.cc)
Sinhala Archaic Numbers is a Unicode block containing Sinhala0D80–0DFF Illakkam number characters.
- ↑
Khojki
(80 codes from 11200–1124F,
symbl.cc)
Khojki (Urdu: خوجكى, Sindhi: خوجڪي (Perso Arabic)) or Khojiki was a script used almost exclusively by the Khoja community of parts of South Asia such as Sindh. It was employed primarily to record Muslim Shia Ismaili religious literature, as well as literature for a few secret Shia Muslim sects.
- ↑
Multani
(48 codes from 11280–112AF,
symbl.cc)
Multani is also known as Saraiki and Karikki language. It´s one more ancestor of the Brahmic script. It was in use from the 18th century till the 20th century on the north-west of India and on the east of Pakistan for writing in the Saraiki language. It´s one of the four alphabets formalised for writing along with Khudawadi, Khojki and Gurmukhi. Now Multani is not as handy as it was before — Siraiki mostly uses Arabic letters. That´s why glyphs are not standardized and must be processed at the font level. The samples presented in this section are taken from the printed version of the New Testament (the 1819 edition) and some other handwritten sources.
- ↑
Khudawadi
(80 codes from 112B0–112FF,
symbl.cc)
Khudabadi (also known as Vaniki, Hatvaniki or Hatkai) is a script used for writing the Sindhi language. The script is based on Devanagari in India and and Persian script (in Pakistan).
Sindhi /ˈsɪndi/ (سنڌي) is an Indo-Aryan language of the historical Sindh region. It is the official language of the Pakistani province of Sindh. In India, Sindhi is one of the scheduled languages officially recognized by the federal government. It has influences from Balochi spoken in the adjacent province of Balochistan.How many native speakers does Sindhi have?
There are 40 million Sindhis living in Pakistan, with 39.5 million in Sindh, and over 500,000 living in other provinces. About 16% of the population of Sindhis in Pakistan are Hindus. Most of them live in urban areas like Karachi, Hyderabad, Sukkur etc. Hyderabad is the largest centre of Sindhi Hindus in Pakistan with 100,000-150,000 people.
Sindhi is also spoken in India, especially in the states of Rajasthan, Gujarat and Maharashtra. It is also spoken in Ulhasnagar near Mumbai which is the largest Sindhi enclave in India.Is Sindhi a minor language for any people?
Actually, yes. Sindhi is also spoken as a minority language in several other countries where Sindhi People have emigrated in large numbers, such as the United States, Australia, the United Kingdom, where it is the fourth-most-commonly used language, and Canada, where it is the fourth-most-spoken language.
- ↑
Grantha
(128 codes from 11300–1137F,
symbl.cc)
The Grantha script was widely used between the 6th century and the 19th century CE by Tamil speakers in South India, particularly in Tamil Nadu and Kerala, to write Sanskrit and classical Manipravalam, and is still in restricted use in traditional vedic schools (veda pāṭhaśālā). It is a Brahmic script, having evolved from the Brāhmī script in Tamil Nadu. The Malayalam alphabet is a direct descendant of Grantha as are the Tigalari and Sinhala alphabets.The rising popularity of Devanagari for Sanskrit and the political pressure created by the Tanittamil Iyakkam for its complete replacement by the modern Tamil script led to its gradual disuse and abandonment in Tamil Nadu in the early 20th century.
- ↑
Newa
(128 codes from 11400–1147F,
symbl.cc)
The Newar alphabet was actively used in central Nepal since the 10th century BC. The proof of that is that scientists had found various samples of coins and manuscripts. In 1905 this script was banned, and in 1951 it was allowed again. Now it´s used for writing in the Bahasa language, which, although endangered, is still native to 800 thousand people, mainly in the Kathmandu Valley.
The Newar script belongs to the Brahmi family. This is an abugida using virama too. Words are written from left to right. This section also contains characters needed only for writing Sanskrit.
- ↑
Tirhuta
(96 codes from 11480–114DF,
symbl.cc)
Tirhuta or Mithilakshar is the script used for the Maithili language which originated in Nepal.
Maithili is an Indo-Aryan language, which forms a part of the Indo-European language family.
At the moment Maithili, Bhojpuri, and a number of less common languages belong to the western group of East Indian languages (the so-called Bihar languages), unlike Hindi, which is a Central Indian language. In earlier studies, Maithili was considered a dialect of Hindi or Bengali language.
Overall, the script has a rich history spanning a thousand years, but years of neglect by Nepal and the Bihar government have taken their toll on the use of Tirhuta. Most speakers of Maithili have switched to using the Devanagari script, which is also used to write the neighboring Central Indic languages such as Nepali and Hindi. As a result, the number of people with a working knowledge of Tirhuta has dropped considerably in recent years.
- ↑
Siddham
(128 codes from 11580–115FF,
symbl.cc)
Siddhaṃ, also known in its later evolved form as Siddhamātṛkā, is the name of a script used for writing Sanskrit during the period ca 600-1200 CE.
It descended from the Brahmi script via the Gupta script, which gave rise to the Assamese script, Bengali script, Tibetan script and also inspired Japanese kana script. Although, here is some confusion over the spelling: Siddhāṃ and Siddhaṃ are both common, but Siddhaṃ is more correct. The script was refined since the Gupta Empire. The name arose from the practice of writing the word Siddhaṃ, or Siddhaṃ astu (“may there be perfection”) as the document heading.
The word Siddhaṃ means “accomplished” or “perfected”. Other names of the script include siddhông, siḍ·ḍhaṃ bonji (Japanese: 梵字) and Chinese: 悉曇文字; pinyin: Xītán wénzi.
Siddhaṃ is an abugida or alphasyllabary rather than an alphabet: each character indicates a syllable, but it does not include every possible syllable. If no other mark occurs then the short ´a´ is assumed. Diacritic marks indicate the other vowels, the pure nasal, and the aspirated vowel. A special mark can be used to indicate that the letter stands alone with no vowel, which sometimes happens at the end of Sanskrit words.
- ↑
Modi
(96 codes from 11600–1165F,
symbl.cc)
Modi (Moḍī, IPA: ) is a script used to write the Marathi language, which is the primary language spoken in the state of Maharashtra in western India. There are at least two different theories concerning its origin. Modi was an official script write Marathi until the 20th century when the Balbodh style of the Devanagari script was promoted as the standard writing system for Marathi. Although Modi was primarily used to write Marathi, other languages such as Urdu, Kannada, Gujarati, Hindi and Tamil are also known to have been written in Modi.
- ↑
Mongolian Supplement
(32 codes from 11660–1167F,
symbl.cc)
The block contains various types of Mongolian Birga ᠀. It is a punctuation mark that signifies the beginning of a text.
- ↑
Takri
(80 codes from 11680–116CF,
symbl.cc)
The Takri script (sometimes called Tankri) is an abugida writing system of the Brahmic family of scripts. It is closely related to, and derived from, the Sharada script employed by Kashmiri. It is also related to the Gurmukhī script used to write Punjabi.
Until the late 1940s, Takri was the official script for writing the Dogri language in the state of Jammu and Kashmir. There are some records of using Takri script in the history of Nepali (Khas Kura). Besides, Takri has historically been used by a number of Western Pahari, Garhwali and Dardic languages in the Western Himalayas, such as Gaddi or Gaddki (the language of the Gaddi ethnic group), Kashtwari (the dialect centered on the Kashtwar or Kishtwar region of Jammu and Kashmir) and Chamiyali (the language of the Chamba region of Himachal Pradesh).
Takri used to be the most prevalent script for business records and communication in various parts of Himachal Pradesh including Chintpurni, Una, Kangra, Bilaspur, and Hamirpur regions. The aged businessmen can still be found using Takri in these areas, but newer generation has now shifted to Devanagari and even English (Roman). This shift can be traced to the period ranging from 1950s to 1980s.
- ↑
Ahom
(80 codes from 11700–1174F,
symbl.cc)
The Ahom script was used by Thais who migrated in the 13th century to the valley of the Brahmaputra River (Indian state of Assam). Archaeologists had found many inscriptions on coins, stone walls, trees, metal plates. The oldest Ahom inscription dates back to the 15th century. In the 17th century, the language was replaced with Assamese, and it started to be written with the help of the Bengali script. In an attempt to revive the language, an Ahom-Assamese-English dictionary was published in 1920.
Nowadays you can find a lot of Ahom books, but its tonal system has been completely lost.
The Ahom script is considered the Brahmi´s descendant. It is an abugida, all syllables of which end with a long “a”. There are no independent vowels — they can be written as dependent together with the following symbol: 𑜒. In the modern version of the script, the sign “killer” (virama) is used to eliminate the unnecessary vowels 𑜫. Apart from that, decimal digits have been added to the writing. Their outlines have no historical explanation.
- ↑
Dogra
(80 codes from 11800–1184F,
symbl.cc)
The Dogra script is used for writing in the language of an ethnic group named Dogra. This Indo-Aryan language is spoken in the north of India, particularly on the territories of Jammu and Kashmir.
Dogra was standardised in 1860. Before that another alphabet was in use. It was called Takri and it resembled Dogra a lot. Nowadays the most popular script is Devanagari, however Dogra is still applied. You can see the traces of it in typography and documents. Plus, the bank notes have an alphabet called “New Dogra Script” (“Name Dogra Akkar”). Thus, unofficial inscriptions are made with the old Dogra. As for Unicode, it displays the new font.
This script is a descendant of Brahmi, and it´s also abugida. A syllable contains one vowel by default. In order to delete it, you can use a virama. The writing goes from left to right.
Punctuation includes an abbreviation character and some characters used for ending sentences and paragraphs — danda and double danda. The numbers are not encoded at all, since the old ones are similar to the Takri numbers, and the new ones are similar to Devanagari.
- ↑
Warang Citi
(96 codes from 118A0–118FF,
symbl.cc)
Varang Kshiti is an abugida invented by Lako Bodra, used in primary and adult education and in various publications. It is used to write Ho along with Devanagari, a language used in the Indian states of Jharkhand and Orissa. In total, this language is spoken by 750000 people living in the Indian regions.
Community leader Bodra invented it as an alternative to the writing systems devised by the Christian missionaries. He claims that the alphabet was invented in the 13th century by Deowan Turi, and that it was rediscovered in a shamanistic vision and modernized by Lako Bodra.
The script begins with the letter Om, the first sound for the creation of the universe and has 32 letters in total with capital and small letters. It is written from left to right in horizontal lines, and each consonant has an inherent vowel, usually /a/ but sometimes /o/ or /e/. Apart from that, Varang Kshiti uses its own set of digits.
Nowadays it often referred to in literature and education. Several books have been published, containing this type of alphabet.
- ↑
Dives Akuru
(96 codes from 11900–1195F,
symbl.cc)
The following script was used on the Maldivian Islands from the early middle centuries till the 20th century for writing in the local Dhivehi language. Dives Akuru is translated as ´island letters´. The script was called so by Harry Charles Pervis Bell. He was the British Commissioner of Archeology in Ceylon. After having retired, he studied the culture and history of Maldives and wrote a huge monograph on that.
Dives Akuru has been known since the 9th century, but before the 14th, the writing was a bit different. The early font was called Evēla Akuru (´ancient letters´). In the 19th century, Dives Akuru was dominated by the . However, today you can still see it on tombstones, architectural monuments, and in old books.
The parent script for Dives Akuru is , which is a descendant of Brahmi. Like all relative systems, Dives Akuru is an abugida. It is written from left to right and it has a default vowel sound in the syllable and a special character for this vowel neutralisation.
- ↑
Nandinagari
(96 codes from 119A0–119FF,
symbl.cc)
The Nandinagari script is an Indian abugida, a descendant of Brahmi. It has been known since the 7th century. The script was spread in the Deccan Plateau region in central India and in the south of the Hindustan Peninsula. From the 11th to the 19th it was used in the state of Maharashtra for writing in Sanskrit, and in Karnataka for writing in Kannada. It was the official language of the Vijayanagar Empire, which existed in southern India from 1336 to 1646. Nowadays it´s no longer in use..
Nandinagari has all the features typical for Brahmic scripts and it is very similar to theDevanagari script. The outlines and meanings of the letters are similar. In addition, there is a horizontal line above the words. But for some differences in the systems, Nandinagari could be perceived as a variation of Devanagari.
- ↑
Zanabazar Square
(80 codes from 11A00–11A4F,
symbl.cc)
This script was created by Zanabazar, a famous Buddhist scholar at the end of the 17th century. It was also called a Mongolian horizontal square. The Zanabazar script was designed for writing in Sanskrit, Tibetan and Mongolian. It preceded the Soyombo script, also created by Zanabazar. The Zanabazar script was not popular with contemporaries. However, it was rediscovered in 1801.
The square Mongolian script was based on Tibetan. It is an abugida, like the whole Brahmi family. The sound /a/ is added to all consonant letters, which can be neutralised by virama. Other vowel sounds are marked by signs above and below the consonant symbol, except for one independent — 𑨀.
The Zanazabar script was to be written horizontally, from left to right.
- ↑
Soyombo
(96 codes from 11A50–11AAF,
symbl.cc)
The Mongolian scholar Zanabazar was an outstanding figure for his times. After having invented square writing, he developed a new kind of script called Soyombo. The Soyombo script was designed for the Mongolian and Tibetan languages, as well as for Sanskrit. The evidence of it can be found in the Buddhist handwritten texts.
Soembo is an abugida. The sound /a/ is added to the consonant by default. The direction of writing is horizontal, from left to right.
Apart from that, Zanabazar included a sign, which is now the main national symbol of Mongolia. It´s called Soyombo (yes, the same as the script), and it looks like this: 𑪞. It can be seen on the national flag, military stripes, national currency notes — tugriks.
- ↑
Unified Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics Extended-A
(16 codes from 11AB0–11ABF,
symbl.cc)
This Canadian syllabics extension includes the following features: • 12 letters conveying the unique sounds of Nunatsiavummiutut, a dialect of the Inuktitut language. • 4 obsolete characters for the Cree and Ojibwe languages..
- ↑
Pau Cin Hau
(64 codes from 11AC0–11AFF,
symbl.cc)
Pau Cin Hau is a Unicode block containing characters for the Pau Cin Hau alphabet which was created by Pau Cin Hau, founder of the Laipian religion, to represent his religious teachings. It was used primarily in the 1930s to write Tedim which is spoken in Chin State, Myanmar.
- ↑
Devanagari Extended-A
(96 codes from 11B00–11B5F,
symbl.cc)
This block contains the ´auspicious symbols´ that were used in the Jain religion in India since the 11th century.These symbols take the form of geometric patterns or motifs representing various aspects of Jain faith.
They are often used in ceremonies, temples, and sacred texts, symbolizing the ideals of Jain philosophy, such as non-violence (ahimsa), right knowledge (jnana), and renunciation (vairagya). Each symbol has its own name and is considered a sacred and protective emblem for Jain practitioners.
- ↑
Bhaiksuki
(112 codes from 11C00–11C6F,
symbl.cc)
Bhaiksuki is a historical alphabet used in the 11th and 12th centuries AD in India. It was spread on the territories where the modern states of Bihar and Bengal are situated. The Bhaiksuki script was used to write in the Sanskrit language. Later on, the scholars found 11 short inscriptions on objects and 4 manuscripts in this script. All of them represent Buddhist religious texts.
In English-speaking countries, Bhaiksuki is also known as Arrow-Headed translation. It´s derived from Brahmi. The most similar are Devanagari and Sharada.
The Bhaiksuki alphabet is syllabic, it´s an abugida. It uses a virama. The writing goes from left to right. The words are separated by the following symbol: 𑱃.
In addition, this script has two sets of digits. The first one is for the decimal positional system. Moreover, the outlines of the digits 0 and 3 are unknown — they are taken from similar scripts. The second is designed for a non—positional system, which contains ones, tens and a sign for multiplication by 100.
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Marchen
(80 codes from 11C70–11CBF,
symbl.cc)
Up to the 10th century the people of the northern Tibeth spoke Zhang-Zhung, a language which was quite popular at the time. To write in it, 5 scripts were invented. One of them was called Marchen. The Marchen script wasn´t widespread — only a few samples were discovered. However, even today this script can be seen in calligraphy manuals and religious texts of Bon (a religion similar to Buddhism).
The Marchen script belongs to the Brahmi family. It´s also an abugida, which is written from left to right. At the same time, it is similar to Tibetan. Two basic consonant signs can be written vertically, and a vowel is then put next to this column.
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Masaram Gondi
(96 codes from 11D00–11D5F,
symbl.cc)
Central India is inhabited by Gondi people, an ethnic group that speaks the Gondi language. In order to write in Gondi, Munshi Mangal Singh Masaram designed a special writing system in 1918. It hasn´t gained any popularity, although it´s still used in both handwriting and typography. The Gondi people prefer Telugu, Devanagari or Gundjala. The Russian Wikipedia says that the Gondi language is oral, so it doesn´t have a written form.
The Masaram Gondi script is similar to other Indian scripts. It is an abugida written from left to right. Each consonant character has a horizontal line on the right, which indicates the sound /a/. You can add a sign of another vowel to change the syllable, or remove it to get a separate consonant. For similar purposes, the icons of virama and halanta are used.
The block also contains its own set of decimal digits. Masaram Gondi punctuation is no different from Devanagari and uses the same punctuation marks.
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Gunjala Gondi
(80 codes from 11D60–11DAF,
symbl.cc)
A village of Gunjala is located in Adilabad District in Telangana state, India. Approximately ten manuscripts were found there, containing the language of the local Gonda people. That´s how the name of this script was invented: they called it gunjala (for the language) Gondi.
The manuscripts were studied by a group of scholars from the Central University of Hyderabad. They were working under the guidance of Professor Jayadir Tirumal Rao. In 2013 the team found four people who were able to read the Gunjala script. A year later, a preliminary font was created for the characters. In November 2015 Unicode received a proposal to add the script to the system, and in 2018 it was successfully implemented.
Nowadays, thanks to the assistance of the authorities, Gunjala script is studied at universities. The plan is to spread such a practice at schools in several other villages.
Gunjala gondi is a Brahmi-based abugida. It is believed to not be related to Masaram Gondi, but it is very similar to Modi. However, there are a number of interesting differences from similar Indian alphabets. For example: • the first consonant or syllable in the alphabet is /ja/, not /k/; • virama is used, but it doesn´t neutralise the vowel in a syllable..
The Gunjala script includes European punctuation marks, except for the single and double danda from Devanagari. Besides, it has original characters for decimals.
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Makasar
(32 codes from 11EE0–11EFF,
symbl.cc)
The Makassar script was used in Indonesia, in the province of South Sulawesi to write the Makassar language. As for the shape of the characters, in English-language literature it is called “bird”. It was invented in the 17th century for administrative purposes based on Rejang. In the 19th it was completely replaced by Buginese.
Makassar is an abugida. The words go horizontally from left to right. The sound /a/ is added to the base consonant by default. The other 4 vowels can be added to the consonant, each strictly from its side: top, right, bottom or left. They are encoded as attachable. The independent letter “a” can be used in combination with other vowels when a syllable does not have a consonant.
The Makassar script does not have its own writing of numbers. Instead, European or Indo-Arabic numerals were used. Punctuation marks include a character for sentence division, and an end-of-text icon. Words were not always separated by spaces.
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Kawi
(96 codes from 11F00–11F5F,
symbl.cc)
The Kawi script developed from Brahmi11000–1107F in the 8th century and was used until the 16th century in Southeast Asia, specifically in the territories of Malaysia, Singapore, the Indonesian archipelago, and the Philippines. The earliest texts were found on the island of Java, where the largest number of them are also located. Over time, Kawi spread to other lands and was used for writing languages such as Old Javanese, Sanskrit, Old Malay, Old Balinese, and Old Sundanese. It became the foundation for many Southeast Asian scripts.
The Kawi script is an abugida and is written from left to right. Each consonant always has an inherent vowel. This vowel can be replaced by a dependent vowel or suppressed by a virama 𑁆. The alphabet also includes independent vowels, which can be written together with dependent vowels.
Over the course of 800 years of usage, the letter shapes have undergone significant changes. The characters in this block are mainly based on early sources.
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Lisu Supplement
(16 codes from 11FB0–11FBF,
symbl.cc)
The block you´re looking at contains supplementary symbols for the language of Lisu people. However, the only letter currently coded is designed for writing Nasi, which is spoken by Nasi people living in the south of China, Yunnan.
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Tamil Supplement
(64 codes from 11FC0–11FFF,
symbl.cc)
A block with supplementary characters for the Tamil script. It contains a set of fractions for counting money, in particular. Apart from that, you can find here various symbols that stand for currency, measuring, agriculture, stationery, clergy. The majority of these symbols have been out of use for a while, but you can still come across some of them, for example, in wedding invitations, printed in the traditional style.
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Cuneiform
(1024 codes from 12000–123FF,
symbl.cc)
Cuneiform script is one of the earliest known systems of writing, distinguished by its wedge-shaped marks on clay tablets, made by means of a blunt reed for a stylus. The name cuneiform itself simply means wedge shaped, from the Latin cuneus “wedge” and forma “shape”. It came into English usage probably from Old French cunéiforme.
Cuneiform writing began as a system of pictographs. In the third millennium, the pictorial representations became simplified and more abstract as the number of characters in use grew smaller, from about 1,000 in the Early Bronze Age to about 400 in Late Bronze Age (Hittite cuneiform). The system consists of a combination of logophonetic, consonantal alphabetic and syllabic signs.
The original Sumerian script was adapted for the writing of the Akkadian, Eblaite, Elamite, Hittite, Luwian, Hattic, Hurrian, and Urartian languages, and it inspired the Ugaritic10380–1039F and Old Persian103A0–103DF alphabets. Cuneiform writing was gradually replaced by the Phoenician alphabet during the Neo-Assyrian Empire. By the 2nd century C.E., the script had become extinct, and all knowledge of how to read it was lost until it began to be deciphered in the 19th century.
Between half a million and two million cuneiform tablets are estimated to have been excavated in modern times. However, only approximately 30,000 – 100,000 have been read or published. The British Museum holds the largest collection followed by the Vorderasiatisches Museum Berlin, the Louvre, the Istanbul Archaeology Museums, the National Museum of Iraq, the Yale Babylonian Collection and Penn Museum. Most of these have laid for centuries without being translated, studied or published, as there are only a few hundred qualified cuneiformists in the world.
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Cuneiform Numbers and Punctuation
(128 codes from 12400–1247F,
symbl.cc)
Cuneiform script is one of the earliest known systems of writing, distinguished by its wedge-shaped marks on clay tablets, made by means of a blunt reed for a stylus. The name cuneiform itself simply means wedge shaped, from the Latin cuneus “wedge” and forma “shape”. It came into English usage probably from Old French cunéiforme.A system of pictographs
Cuneiform writing began as a system of pictographs. In the third millennium, the pictorial representations became simplified and more abstract as the number of characters in use grew smaller, from about 1,000 in the Early Bronze Age to about 400 in Late Bronze Age (Hittite cuneiform). The system consists of a combination of logophonetic, consonantal alphabetic and syllabic signs.More on the version
In Unicode, the Sumero-Akkadian Cuneiform script is covered in two blocks: U+12000–U+1237F Cuneiform and U+12400–U+1247F this one. The sample glyphs in the chart file published by the Unicode Consortium show the characters in their Classical Sumerian form (Early Dynastic period, mid 3rd millennium BCE). The characters as written during the 2nd and 1st millennia BCE, the era during which the vast majority of cuneiform texts were written, are considered font variants of the same characters.
The character set as published in version 5.2 has been criticized, mostly because of its treatment of a number of common characters as ligatures, omitting them from the encoding standard.
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Early Dynastic Cuneiform
(208 codes from 12480–1254F,
symbl.cc)
This block continues the Cuneiform symbols. It includes symbols related to the early Dynastic period in Mesopotamia, 2900-2335 BC. The samples of this writing were found in the south of Iraq. The manuscripts represented administrative, accounting, legal and literary texts.
The main document was a dictionary written by a German sumerologist, whose name was Anton Deimel. The book was written in Latin, called “Textus cuneiformes in usum scholae”, and published in 1922.
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Cypro-Minoan
(112 codes from 12F90–12FFF,
symbl.cc)
Cypro-Minoan script was used in the Late Bronze Age (1550-1050 BCE). Nowadays approximately 250 examples have been found, mainly on the island of Cyprus and in the ancient city of Ugarit (12 km north of modern-day Latakia). There have also been discoveries in Tiryns, Greece.
Scholars do not have a consolidated opinion on the origin of the Cypro-Minoan script. However, there are some theories to consider: • J. F. Daniels believed that it developed from Linear A script through natural evolution. • Silvia Ferrara defended the theory that it was specifically designed and implemented by command. • F. Soldano suggested that Cretan hieroglyphs served as the basis for this script..
Attempts to decipher the Cypro-Minoan script have not been successful, so it is not possible to determine the languages it recorded. It is known to be syllabic and was written from left to right.
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Egyptian Hieroglyphs
(1072 codes from 13000–1342F,
symbl.cc)
Here we have some examples of the native writing systems of Ancient Egypt. The Egyptian language includes both the Egyptian hieroglyphics and Hieratic from Protodynastic times, and the 13th century BC cursive variants of the hieroglyphs which became popular.
Most remaining texts in the Egyptian language are primarily written in the hieroglyphic script. However, in antiquity, the majority of texts were written on perishable papyrus in hieratic and (later) demotic, which are now lost.
There was also a form of cursive hieroglyphic script used for religious documents on papyrus, such as the multi-authored Books of the Dead in the Ramesside Period; this script was closer to the stone-carved hieroglyphs, but was not as cursive as hieratic, lacking the wide use of ligatures. Besides, there was a variety of stone-cut hieratic known as lapidary hieratic.
In the language´s final stage of development, the Coptic alphabet replaced the older writing system. The native name for Egyptian hieroglyphic writing is “writing of the words of god.” Hieroglyphs are employed in two ways in Egyptian texts: as ideograms that represent the idea depicted by the pictures; and more commonly as phonograms denoting their phonetic value.
For example, the hieroglyph representing the biliteral pr is typically used as an ideogram to denote the word ´house´. The same glyph is used as a phonogram to write the word pr(y), meaning ´to go out´. The pronunciation is similar though. So how do we differentiate between these words?
To leave no doubt as to which word is actually meant, a vertical stroke or a pair of legs are drawn underneath the glyph. To further clarify the pronunciation, the hieroglyph for mouth ro is typically added in between the house and the walking legs. Therefore, hieroglyphic writing is an intricate mixture of phonetic and semantic components.
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Egyptian Hieroglyph Format Controls
(48 codes from 13430–1345F,
symbl.cc)
Egyptian ideograms may have more than one element. The section Egyptian-hieroglyphs presents glyphs separately. In order to make a full ideogram, you can use editing symbols from this block. They define the way in which elements are located towards each other in a square. For example, in order to create a cowboy, let´s take a man´s figure 𓀂, add a horse 𓃗 down via U+13430, and spruce it up with feathers 𓆃 above to the right via U+13434. Segment restrictions allow to unite elements in groups and put them together.
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Anatolian Hieroglyphs
(640 codes from 14400–1467F,
symbl.cc)
Anatolian hieroglyphs were common on the Anatolian peninsula from the 14th to the 7th century BC. In some sources they can be called Hittite or Luwian because they were used in the Hittite state to write the Luwian language. It seems that this script was created specially for Luwian, as manuscripts in other languages have not been found. Before its appearance, the Hittites used modified Akkadian cuneiform. By the 7th century BC, hieroglyphs were completely replaced by and alphabets.
The Anatolian script is a mixture of ideographic and syllabic writing systems. Some characters might convey an entire word or just one syllable, depending on the context. Sentences consisted of hieroglyphs or syllables or both.
The texts were almost always written horizontally, but sometimes graphemes would be placed one above the other. The direction was different: from left to right, and vice versa, plus boustrophedon (when these two directions are combined). In Unicode, character outlines presuppose writing from left to right. Otherwise, the characters have to be reversed.
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Bamum Supplement
(576 codes from 16800–16A3F,
symbl.cc)
Bamum Supplement is a Unicode block containing the characters of the historic stage A-F of the Bamum script, used for writing the Bamum language of western Cameroon. The modern stage G characters, which include many characters used for stage A-F orthographies, are included in the Bamum block.
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Mro
(48 codes from 16A40–16A6F,
symbl.cc)
They primarily speak the Mru language, a Tibeto-Burman language, and one of the recognized languages of Bangladesh. The Mru language is considered “definitely endangered” by UNESCO in June 2010. The language of the Mro can be classified under Sino-Tibetan or Tibeto-Burman linguistic group. Dialects include Anok, Downpreng and Sungma. It has 13% lexical similarity with Khami and 72%-76% with Anu-Hkongsu. In Bangladesh, around 91% — 98% of the population speaks Downpreng and Sungma dialects. Both Latin and Mru alphabets, formed in 1980s, are used in writing even though the latter is more commonly used for the literacy development. It is also categorized as a developing language.
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Tangsa
(,
symbl.cc)
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Bassa Vah
(48 codes from 16AD0–16AFF,
symbl.cc)
The Bassa script, known as Bassa vah or simply vah (´throwing a sign´ in Bassa) was an alphabet designed by, or with the help of, Liberian missionaries in the 1920s. It is not clear what connection it may have had with neighboring scripts, or how much it was actually used, but type was cast for it, and an association for its promotion was formed in Liberia in 1959. It is not used and has been classified as a failed script.Vah is a true alphabet, with 23 consonant letters, 7 vowel letters, and 5 tone diacritics, which are placed inside the vowels.
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Pahawh Hmong
(144 codes from 16B00–16B8F,
symbl.cc)
Pahawh Hmong (RPA: Phajhauj Hmoob , known also as Ntawv Pahawh, Ntawv Keeb, Ntawv Caub Fab, Ntawv Soob Lwj) is an indigenous semi-syllabic script, invented in 1959 by Shong Lue Yang, to write two Hmong languages, Hmong Daw (Hmoob Dawb White Miao) and Hmong Njua AKA Hmong Leng (Moob Leeg Green Miao).Hmong (RPA: Hmoob) or Mong (RPA: Moob), known as First Vernacular Chuanqiandian Miao in China (Chinese: 川黔滇苗语第一土语; pinyin: Chuānqiándiān miáo yǔ dì yī tǔyǔ), is a dialect continuum of the West Hmongic branch of the Hmongic languages, sometimes known as the Chuanqiandian Cluster, which is spoken by the Hmong people of Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, northern Vietnam, Thailand, and Laos. There are some 2.7 million speakers of varieties that are largely mutually intelligible, including 260,000 Hmong Americans. Over half of all Hmong speakers speak the various dialects in China, where the Dananshan (大南山) dialect forms the basis of the standard language. However, Hmong Daw (White Miao) and Mong Njua (Green Miao) are only widely known in Laos and the United States; Dananshan is more widely known in the native region of Hmong.
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Medefaidrin
(96 codes from 16E40–16E9F,
symbl.cc)
Medefaidrin is the language and script of the Christian community in Nigeria. In Russian literature it also appears by the name Oberi-Okaime.
Both language and script appeared simultaneously around 1931. Rumour has it that a holy spirit turned up in front of one of the founders and taught him the language. And the writing came to his disciple in a dream. This secret knowledge was used in praying and they tried to teach it at school. The colonial authorities did not like the latter and the practice was cancelled. Nowadays the script is no longer used, and only a few old manuscripts have survived.
The structure of the Medefaidrin language resembles the local colloquial ibibio. And the alphabet was probably created under the Latin influence. It is constant-vocal. The direction of writing is from left to right. The script includes 32 letters, while the outlines of the uppercase differ significantly from the lowercase. Therefore, they are encoded as separate characters in Unicode.
You may encounter four punctuation marks in the script. Two of them are used as European dot and comma, the other two are unique. There are also 20 digits for the positional twenty number system.
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Miao
(160 codes from 16F00–16F9F,
symbl.cc)
The Pollard script, also known as Pollard Miao (Chinese: 柏格理苗文 Bó Gélǐ Miao-wen) or Miao, is an abugida based on the Latin alphabet and invented by Methodist missionary Sam Pollard.
Pollard invented the script for use with A-Hmao, one of the several Miao languages. The script underwent a series of revisions until 1936, when there was published a translation of the New Testament, containing Pollard Miao.The Legend
The introduction of Christian materials in the script that Pollard invented caused a great impact among the Miao. Part of the reason was that they had a legend about how their ancestors had possessed a script but lost it. According to the legend, the script would be brought back some day. When the script was introduced, many Miao came from far away to see and learn it.Other influencers
Pollard credited the basic idea of the script to the Cree syllabics designed by James Evans in 1838–1841. “While working out the problem, we remembered the case of the syllabics used by a Methodist missionary among the Indians of North America, and resolved to do as he had done”. He also gave credit to a Chinese pastor, “Stephen Lee assisted me very ably in this matter, and at last we arrived at a system”.Further changes
Changing politics in China led to the use of several competing scripts, most of which were romanizations. The Pollard script remains popular among Hmong in China, although Hmong outside China tend to use one of the alternative scripts. A revision of the script was completed in 1988, and the script remains in use.
As with most other abugidas, the Pollard letters represent consonants, whereas vowels are indicated by diacritics. Uniquely, however, the position of this diacritic is varied to represent tone. For example, in Western Hmong, placing the vowel diacritic above the consonant letter indicates that the syllable has a high tone, whereas placing it at the bottom right indicates a low tone.
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Ideographic Symbols and Punctuation
(32 codes from 16FE0–16FFF,
symbl.cc)
The block contains obsolete punctuation marks for ideographic and syllabic scripts. It offers some repetition signs (odoriji) for Tangut and . It also includes a text markup icon for ancient Chinese and tags which offer alternative readings of Vietnamese graphemes.
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Tangut
(6144 codes from 17000–187FF,
symbl.cc)
Tangut hieroglyphs were used for writing the Tangut language. I see you´re already asking where it was. It was in the north-west of China, where the Tangut people lived. Scholars haven´t come to one particular theory regarding the script origin. However, there´s a version that the Tangut alphabet was developed on purpose and that it never evolved from other writings. The earliest inscriptions date back to the 11th century, while the latest appeared in late years of the 16th. The language itself is considered dead too.
Tangut hieroglyphs are similar to Chinese, but are not directly related to them. They are more complicated — most of them include from 8 to 15 features or outlines. The original texts would be written vertically from top to bottom. The lines went from right to left.
The Tanguts used approximately 6,000 hieroglyphs. Like the Chinese, they had contributed to the tradition of calligraphy. The signs could have up to 4 font variants. They are encoded as one single character in Unicode, unless there are various forms found in the same source. Besides, the signs that have the same shape but different names or sounds also tend to be united. The main source database was Li Fanwen´s work published in 2008.
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Tangut Components
(768 codes from 18800–18AFF,
symbl.cc)
Tangut hieroglyphs consist of various structural elements. The majority of them include from 8 to 15 outlines. In order to make the exploration of the Tangut script less complicated, Unicode has prepared the components which are used to make up hieroglyphs. So you have an opportunity to study them and become a hieroglyph expert.
These Tangut components don´t have any standard way of building up a hieroglyph. That´s why the basis was compiled from the seventeen dictionaries in Chinese, Japanese, Russian, and English.
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Khitan Small Script
(512 codes from 18B00–18CFF,
symbl.cc)
The Khitan small script was used in the northeast of China in the Liao Empire, which existed from 907 to 1125. Yelü Diela developed it in 925 under the influence of Uyghur, so the latter is considered like ´the father´ of Khitan. It received the name ´small´ for a smaller number of characters compared to the Khitan large script, which was used at the same time and for the same purposes. That´s why both scripts were quite easy to learn.
The samples have survived till our times, and you can find the Khitan script on various stone epitaphs in rich cemeteries. The majority of the characters haven´t been deciphered yet, so their meaning is unclear.
The Khitan small script includes both phonograms (letters, syllables) and logograms (hieroglyphs). To make a word, you needed to compound from 2 to 8 phonograms. The logogram is sometimes accompanied by a dot that denotes the masculine gender. The writing direction is vertical, its columns go from right to left.
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Tangut Supplement
(128 codes from 18D00–18D7F,
symbl.cc)
Additional or supplementary symbols for the Tangut script. Simply put.
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Kana Extended-B
(,
symbl.cc)
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Kana Supplement
(256 codes from 1B000–1B0FF,
symbl.cc)
Kana is a Japanese syllabic alphabet that exists in two graphic forms: Hiragana and Katakana30A0–30FF.
The two types of Kana mentioned above differ in writing: Hiragana features round characters, like these ひらがな, whereas Katakana contains angular ones カタカナ. Only a few characters look alike (the most evident similarity is found among か and カ, り and リ, せ and セ), but there are hieroglyphs that almost totally coincide, such as へ and ヘ. If we do not take into account the extension of Katakana (for the Ainu language), then both alphabets are interchangeable, which means that any text written in Hiragana can be written in Katakana and vice versa.
Hiragana is used to write the following: the changeable parts of Japanese words (Okurigana), the words themselves, as well as, often, the explanatory reading of hieroglyphs (Furigana). Today Katakana is mainly used to write words borrowed from other European languages (the so-called lexical borrowings Gayraigo).
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Kana Extended-A
(48 codes from 1B100–1B12F,
symbl.cc)
The following section represents a set of obsolete Japanese characters and an unusual variant of writing called Hentaigana. These characters used to be the italics of the Manyogana script, which used Chinese characters.
Hentaigana character: 𛄝
Parental hieroglyph: 无
As a result, it led to the creation of the syllable alphabet which is known as Hiragana.
After the Japanese script had undergone some reforms in 1900, Hentaigana practically called the quits. Nowadays it´s applied for decorative purposes in order to make a text look more ancient and beautiful.
Historically speaking, the Hentaigana script contains around 800 symbols, the majority of which you can find in the block with Kana supplements.
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Small Kana Extension
(64 codes from 1B130–1B16F,
symbl.cc)
Additional small letters for Japanese syllabic alphabets Hiragana and Katakana. These letters are obsolete — they are not used anymore. Most of them were found in various manuscripts and documents about the phonetic transcription of non-Japanese terms in musical notes. Plus, the names of various objects on maps.
So far only the letters approved and confirmed by linguists have been encoded. But there is a lot of space for additional symbols, as scholars will continue to explore them.
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Nushu
(400 codes from 1B170–1B2FF,
symbl.cc)
Nushu is literally translated as “woman´s script”. It was spread in Jiangyong County in Hunan province of southern China, and the purpose of it was to allow women to communicate exclusively.
According to Chinese tradition, when a girl would be getting engaged, her girlfriends and sisters would create a so-called “third-day-letter” for her. I contained various wishes embroidered on the fabric. It was quite difficult to draw enormous Chinese hieroglyphs. In addition, patriarchy was prospering, so women were not taught to write. That´s why they united and simplified the writing system, thus adapting it for embroidery. The Italian script called Kaishu was taken as a basis and main reference for Nushu. Since men didn´t tend to embroider various secret letters, Nushu was mostly used by women. It´s actually impressive that they created the script under the circumstances that were supposed to make them more obedient and therefore predictable. Instead of following the Confucian practices without discipline breaches, they invented a script which allowed them to develop a whole female network. That´s the spirit!
Anyway, the exact date or period of Nushu birth is unknown. Nowadays it´s considered obsolete. Nushu gradually disappeared in the 20th century due to various reasons: the development of the education system, the invention of sewing machines, etc. Moreover, it was also linked with some historical events, like the Japanese siege and the Cultural Revolution.
However, these days the government is doing everything possible to preserve the language and make sure that it´s not forgotten. There is even an initiative which offers Nushu speakers financial aid in return for new Nushu songs, needleworks, texts and other contributions to the cultural enrichment of the community.
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Duployan
(160 codes from 1BC00–1BC9F,
symbl.cc)
The Duployan shorthand, or Duployan stenography (French: Sténographie Duployé), was created by father Émile Duployé(fr) in 1860 for writing French. The system got widespread thanks to the Institut Sténographique Des Deux Mondes in Paris. In addition, Duployé was the one who started the overall “Bibliothèque Sténographique” published by this Institute.
Since then, it has been expanded and adapted for writing English, German, Spanish, Romanian, and Chinook Jargon. In France itself, up to thirty newspapers in publication use the Duployan system.
The Duployan stenography is classified as a geometric, alphabetic, stenography and is written left-to-right in connected stenographic style. The Duployan shorthands, including Chinook writing, Pernin´s Universal Phonography, Perrault´s English Shorthand, the Sloan-Duployan Modern Shorthand, and Romanian stenography, were included as a single script in version 7.0 of the Unicode Standard / ISO 10646.
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Shorthand Format Controls
(16 codes from 1BCA0–1BCAF,
symbl.cc)
Shorthand Format Controls is a Unicode block containing four formatting characters for representing shorthands in Unicode.First of all, what are shorthands in general?
Shorthand is a method of writing quickly by using simplified symbols, abbreviations, or other forms of shorthand notation. The goal of shorthand is to capture the essential elements of speech or text as quickly and efficiently as possible, while minimizing the time and effort required to write. Shorthand is often used by journalists, note-takers, and other people who need to work fast a effectively.What´s the purpose of shorthand format controls?
Bearing in mind the information above, shorthand format controls is a set of codes that can be used to quickly format text. You can use them in emails, instant messages, and social media posts. Some examples of shorthand format controls include codes for bold, italic, and underline text, as well as codes for creating lists and headings. These codes are often represented by specific characters or symbols, such as asterisks ❉ that are placed around the text to be formatted.
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Znamenny Musical Notation
(,
symbl.cc)
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Byzantine Musical Symbols
(256 codes from 1D000–1D0FF,
symbl.cc)
Byzantine Musical Anz is a Unicode block containing characters for representing Byzantine-era musical notation.
Byzantine music refers to the liturgical music used in the Orthodox Church within the Byzantine Empire and the Churches regarded as continuing that tradition.
The main features of this music is that it´s • monophonic (with drone notes), • exclusively vocal, • and almost entirely sacred..
Very little secular music of this kind has been preserved. The length of the period between Ancient Greek and Byzantine music is unclear.
There are two kinds of Byzantine musical notation. The earlier recitative style was used to notate the recitation of lessons (readings from the Bible). Such symbols are represented here 𝃚. It probably was introduced in the late 4th century and was increasingly confused until the 15th century, when it passed out of use. Lessons are no longer musically notated, though they are still chanted. The notation consisted of marking the overall musical rendering of phrases in the reading (prosodic signs 𝀀), rather than individual notes.
The second kind of notation is neumatic, i.e. it uses neumes (musical notes). Various subdivisions of the notation have been proposed; the standard subdivisions are Early Byzantine, Middle Byzantine, Late Byzantine, and Modern Byzantine. Middle, Late, and Modern notation use the same basic signs, with similar if not the same meanings, and so may be unified as the one notation system.
If you´re interested in other types of notation, more conventional, explore the block called Musical Anz .
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Musical Symbols
(256 codes from 1D100–1D1FF, s and methods of notation have varied between cultures and throughout history, and much information about ancient music notation is fragmentary.,
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Music notation or musical notation is any system used to visually represent aurally perceived sounds through the use of written symbols, including ancient or modern musical symbols. Typ s and methods of notation have varied between cultures and throughout history, and much information about ancient music notation is fragmentary.
Little is known about the ancient notation. We have evidence that Ancient Babylon used pictographs, Egypt — syllables. As for the oldest note manuscripts, they´re made in Greek. Ancient Greek notation is represented in a separate Unicode block. In addition, here you can find Byzantine musical symbols.
Although many ancient cultures used symbols to represent melodies, none of them is nearly as comprehensive as written language. Comprehensive notation started to develop in Europe in the Middle Ages, and since then it has been adapted to many genres of music worldwide.
The music symbols were included in Unicode version 4.1 published in March 2005. Modern notation symbols are collected here. Some of them may be encountered in the block called Miscellaneous symbols.
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Ancient Greek Musical Notation
(80 codes from 1D200–1D24F,
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Ancient Greek Musical Notation is a Unicode block containing various symbols used in Ancient Greece for composing and writing down music.
The system was popular in Greece from the 9th century BC to the 6th century AD. It consisted of symbols inscribed on stone or metal plates, which represented the pitch and duration of musical notes.
The notation evolved over a period of more than 500 years. It went from simple scales of tetrachords, or divisions of the perfect fourth, to The Perfect Immutable System, encompassing a span of fifteen pitch keys. The most famous example of ancient Greek musical notation is the Seikilos epitaph, a piece of music inscribed on a tombstone.
Any discussion of ancient Greek music, theoretical, philosophical or aesthetic, is fraught with two problems. First, there are few examples of written music, which makes the exploration difficult. Second, there are many theoretical and philosophical accounts, sometimes fragmentary. All in all, the notation was applied to both vocal and instrumental music, but much of it has been lost and is only partially understood today.
The symbols in this block include instrumental and vocalic notation, plus further inscriptions. Copy them to your history report and get an excellent mark from your teacher!
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Kaktovik Numerals
(,
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Mayan Numerals
(32 codes from 1D2E0–1D2FF,
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The Maya Civilisation used the numerals from this block to create their famous calendars. It´s unclear when this system was born, but a small inscription has been found in Chiapa de Corzo, which dates back to the 36 year BC and confirms the approximate time origins. After the Maya Empire had fallen, the Mayan numerals were completely forgotten. Nowadays you can meet them from time to time though. For example, they are widespread in Guatemala for page numeration in small documents.
What does a Maya numeral set look like? Basically, it´s a twenty-decimal positional number system. Zero was used for empty digits. Some researchers believe that this is the earliest mention and application of zero in human history.
As for structure, Maya numbers consist of dots and horizontal lines below. Such an appearance means that the script wasn´t initially adapted for paper or fabric. The numbers were rather laid out from stones and sticks on a flat surface. And empty shells stood for zeros.
Currently, the most complicated Mayan hieroglyphic script hasn´t been deciphered yet. That´s why the numerals are encoded here as a separate block, not together with the other elements of the Mayan script.
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Tai Xuan Jing Symbols
(96 codes from 1D300–1D35F,
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The text “Canon of Supreme Mystery” was composed by the Confucian writer Yáng Xióng. The first draft of this work was completed in 2 BC (in the decade before the fall of the Western Han Dynasty). This text is also known in the West as “The Alternative I Ching” and “The Elemental Changes”.
Unicode Standard presents the Tai Xuan Jing Anz block as an extension of the Yì Jīng symbols. Their Chinese aliases most accurately reflect their interpretation. For example, the Chinese alias of code point U+1D300 is “rén”, which translates into English as man and yet the English alias is “MONOGRAM FOR EARTH”. Anyway, this block features monograms, digrams, and tetragrams, which have got their own meanings too.
These symbols represent transformations and general changes in the course of events. Plus, they represent the cycle of the changes, which corresponds with the core idea of Confucian´s studies. It´s not only one of the earliest Chinese philosophical texts, but also the most popular.
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Counting Rod Numerals
(32 codes from 1D360–1D37F,
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Counting rods are small bars, typically 3–14 cm long, that were used by mathematicians for calculation in ancient China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam. They are placed either horizontally or vertically to represent any integer or rational number.They are a true positional numeral system with digits for 1–9 and a blank for 0, from the Warring states period (around 475 BCE) to the 16th century.
Apparently, counting bars were used in China from the earliest times, but got forbidden later. As for Japan, the use of counting rod numerals continued to grow, and they had even become the symbol of algebra there.
Initially counting rods could be used for simple calculations, expressing digits from 1 to 9. However, later on their development led to the introduction of “zero” and a whole symbolical language of mathematics.
Counting sticks and a counting board helped a lot in complex calculations with fractions, fractals and negative numbers. To reflect the latter, either sticks of a different color or special forms of writing were used. Counting numeral rods are still used today in some parts of east Asia, predominantly China.
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Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols
(1024 codes from 1D400–1D7FF,
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Mathematical Alphanumeric Anz is a Unicode block of Latin and Greek letters and decimal digits that enable mathematicians to denote different notions with different letter styles (one example is blackboard bold, called “double-struck” in Unicode terminology).
Unicode now includes many such symbols (in the range U+1D400–U+1D7FF). It enables design and usage of special mathematical characters (fonts) that include all necessary properties to differentiate from other alphanumerics. For example, in mathematics an italic 𝐴 can have a different meaning from a roman letter 𝐀. Unicode originally included a limited set of such letter forms in its Letterlike Anz block before completing the set of Latin and Greek letter forms in this block beginning in version 3.1.
Unicode recommends that these characters not be used in general text as a substitute for presentational markup; the letters are specifically designed to be semantically different from each other. Unicode does not include a set of normal serif letters in the set (thus it assumes a given font is a serif by default; a sans-serif font that supports the range would thus display the standard letters and the “sans-serif” symbols identically but could not display normal serif symbols of the same).
All these letter shapes may be manipulated with MathML´s attribute mathvariant.
The letters in various fonts often have specific, fixed meanings in particular areas of mathematics. By providing uniformity over numerous mathematical articles and books, these conventions help to read mathematical formulae.
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Sutton SignWriting
(688 codes from 1D800–1DAAF,
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Valery Sutton, an American woman, first became a dancer, then a dance teacher. In order to facilitate the process of teaching, she invented a system of signs, which stood for physical actions and movements. Next, she adapted it for a gesture script so that deaf people could communicate with the world.
Let´s take a closer look at the symbols. They represent pictograms (small drawings) with the information about the fingers´ position, palm´s orientation in relation to body; various movements, touches, and facial expressions. All these elements come together and build up a separate gesture, a communicative item, which, as a rule, depicts some word and meaning. As you can see, this block is huge — there are lots of symbols, because very often one gesture can be written in different ways.
Currently the script is not standardized for any language.
Sutton signwriting is designed for writing vertically. The gestures are shown from the point of the speaker, not their interlocutor. The right arm is supposed to dominate. Although, if there is no standard version, you can write however you want.
The block contains punctuation marks, which include brackets and rotation modifiers.
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Latin Extended-G
(,
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Glagolitic Supplement
(48 codes from 1E000–1E02F,
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Glagolitic Supplement Anz are a set of characters used to extend the Glagolitic alphabet, which was used to write Old Church Slavonic, the liturgical language of the Orthodox Slavic peoples. The Glagolitic script was developed in the 9th century by two Byzantine brothers, Saints Cyril and Methodius, who were sent by the Byzantine Emperor to evangelize the Slavic peoples. It is used along with .
The Glagolitic script was widely spread in Eastern Europe until the 16th century, when it was gradually replaced by the Cyrillic script. However, it continued to be used in some parts of Croatia and Slovenia for several more centuries.
The Glagolitic Supplement Anz were added to the Unicode Standard in 2008 as part of the Unicode 5.1 release. They consist of 4 characters: two combining marks and two precomposed characters. The combining marks are used to indicate tone and stress in Old Church Slavonic text, while the precomposed characters are used to represent abbreviations for common words and phrases.
Despite the declining use of the Glagolitic script, there is still interest in its history and cultural significance. The Glagolitic Supplement Anz help to preserve this important part of Slavic cultural heritage for future generations.
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Cyrillic Extended-D
(,
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Nyiakeng Puachue Hmong
(80 codes from 1E100–1E14F,
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The name of this alphabet is quite difficult to pronounce, right? Let´s try: Nyiakeng Puachue Hmong. Great! Now to the historical part:
It was invented by Reverend Chervang Kong in the 80s. It was used in his United Christians Liberty Evangelical Church for writing the Hmong language. Hmong is mostly spoken in Southern China and northern Indo-China. Other names for the script include Ntawv Txawjvaag or the name of the creator himself — Chervang´s script.
Nyiakeng Puachue Hmong contains 36 consonants and 9 vowels. Words are written from left to right. The structure resembles the Thai script, but several letters also look similar to Hebrew. A standard Western punctuation is used in the texts.
The five determinatives define the following grammar categories: • human; • object; • location; • animal; • invertebrate..
Closer to the end of the block you can see a couple of symbols Nyaj и Ca. The fist stands for money or currency sign. The second carries the meaning of something belonging to somebody — a bit similar in function with the copyright sign.
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Toto
(,
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Wancho
(64 codes from 1E2C0–1E2FF,
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The Wancho script was designed by a public school teacher Banwang Losu from 2001 till 2012. The purpose was to make writing the Wancho language possible. Nowadays it´s spoken by more than 50 000 people in Longding district, Arunachal Pradesh (Indian north-east). Nowadays this alphabet and script is taught at local schools.
Wancho represents quite an ordinary alphabet, which is pretty customary for many cultures, as it consists of consonants and vowels. The direction of the writing is from left to right. The diacritical signs above the vowels signify tones. The alphabet uses standard European punctuation.
The last symbol in the block Wancho Ngun stands for the Indian currency rupee.
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Nag Mundari
(,
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Ethiopic Extended-B
(,
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Mende Kikakui
(224 codes from 1E800–1E8DF,
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The Mende Kikakui script is a syllabary used for writing the Mende language of Sierra Leone. Mende /ˈmɛndi/ (Mɛnde yia) is a major language of Sierra Leone, with some speakers in neighboring Liberia.
The written language consists of 195 characters, 42 of which are abugida, and the rest are syllabic signs. Kikakui also has its own recording system in which numbers are played from right to left.
Mende is the language of the Mende people spoken in Sierra Leone and Liberia. It belongs to the Mande family along with Looma, Loko, Bandi, Zialo and several isolated Kpelle — to the southwestern subbranch of the western branch of this family. It is widely used in southern Sierra Leone as a lingua franca (along with English and Krio). The number of native speakers of Mende was estimated in 1991 at about 1,480,000.
The Mende language has its own peculiarities: • the structure of the syllable CV(n), • the two-syllability of the root, • the presence of prenasalized consonants, • the juxtaposition of high and low tones. • developed system of initial alternation of consonants..
Generally the Kikaku script was used to translate the Koran, and locals used it for writing various ideas. However, due to the popularization of the Latin alphabet, the script gradually ceased to be used and currently only 100-500 people have a good command of it.
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Adlam
(96 codes from 1E900–1E95F,
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The Adlam alphabet is designed to write Fula. This language is spoken in the northwest of Africa. It originally belonged to the nomadic Fulani tribe. Nowadays it is spoken by 40 million people from Senegal to Egypt.
Traditionally, the Fula language is written in Latin or Arabic. However, in the late 80s of the last century, Ibrahima and Abdoulaye Barry developed their own Adlam script for Fula. Over the years the alphabet has spread and is now taught at schools in Guinea, Nigeria, Liberia and other neighboring countries. It is supported on Google´s Android and Chrome operating systems.
The alphabet is named after the first four letters: A, D, L, M. The words of the phrase “Alkule DandayɗE Leñol Mulugol” begin with these letters, which is translated as “the alphabet that protects peoples from extinction”.
Adlam is a consonant-vocal alphabet. The direction of writing is from right to left. The letters can be written separately or connected using italics, just like in Arabic or Nko. The script has its own diacritics and original characters of decimal digits. At the same time, it uses European punctuation, except for the question mark ؟, which was taken from Arabic.
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Indic Siyaq Numbers
(80 codes from 1EC70–1ECBF,
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Siyaq is a decimal system for writing numbers. The name comes from the Arabic word “siyaq”, which means “order”. It is characterized by the shapes of the digits, which are stylized monograms of Arabic number names. Thus, it turns out that for the digits of each category (units, tens, hundreds, thousands, tens of thousands) there exits a new different font. A separate character for zero turns out to be unnecessary — it is already embedded in the corresponding digit. And only starting from hundreds of thousands, numbers are displayed using symbols of the lower categories in the higher ones.
This block presents the forms of Siyak numerals that were common on the territory of modern India. They were often applied in the Mughal Empire (not the Mongols) and disappeared only in the 20th century. Basically, they helped in accounting and calculations. This number system is known in South Asia as “raqm”, which means “account” in Arabic.
Siyak has a writing manner similar to Arabic — from right to left.
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Ottoman Siyaq Numbers
(80 codes from 1ED00–1ED4F,
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This section contains figures that were used in Ottoman Siyaq — an Arabic script that was used in the Ottoman Empire.
It is a calligraphic style that involves the use of additional marks and diacritics to represent vowels and other phonetic features that are not present in the basic Arabic script. These additional marks were necessary to accurately represent the Turkish language, which has a different phonology than Arabic. The Ottoman Siyaq was widely used in official documents, correspondence, and literature during the Ottoman Empire, but it was gradually replaced by the Latin-based Turkish alphabet after the founding of the Republic of Turkey in 1923.
Siyaq is the name of the decimal positional number system, which is common in Central and South Asia. The main feature of this system is that it has separate symbols for ones, tens, hundreds, thousands, tens of thousands. Plus, you won´t find a “zero” number.
What comes to semantics, the word siyak itself means order in the Arabic language.
The characters of the numbers are based on Arabic letters, which the names of the numbers started with. The direction of the writing goes from right to left.
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Arabic Mathematical Alphabetic Symbols
(256 codes from 1EE00–1EEFF,
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Arabic Mathematical Alphabetic Anz is a Unicode block encoding characters used in Arabic mathematical expressions.
These symbols are commonly used in mathematical equations and notations, particularly in the Arabic-speaking world. Here are some of the most common ones: • أ (alef): represents a variable or an unknown quantity in an equation. • ب (baa): a constant or a coefficient. • ج (jeem): a function. • د (dal): a derivative. • هـ (haa): a limit. • و (waw): a conjunction or an addition operation. • ز (zay): a summation. • ح (haa´): a differential equation. • ط (taa´): a Fourier transform. • ي (yaa´): an imaginary number or a complex number..
It´s worth noting that these symbols are not universally used in all Arabic-speaking countries, and there may be some regional variations. Additionally, many of these symbols have multiple meanings depending on the context in which they are applied.
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Mahjong Tiles
(48 codes from 1F000–1F02F,
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Mahjong Tiles is a Unicode block containing characters depicting the standard set of tiles used in the Chinese game of Mahjong.
Mahjong (also spelled majiang, mah jongg, and numerous other variants), is a game that originated in China. It is commonly played by four players (with some three-player variations found in South Korea and Japan). The game and its regional variants are widely played throughout Eastern and South Eastern Asia and have a small following in Western countries. Similar to the Western card game rummy, mahjong is a game of skill, strategy, and calculation and involves a degree of chance.
Each symbol usually depicts objects from Chinese culture and history, such as flowers, dragons, birds, pandas, etc. In total, there are 144 symbols in the Mahjong game, which are divided into several categories, including “Circles”, “Bamboos”, “ Anz of the season” and “ Anz of flowers”. The categories contain 36 symbols numbered from 1 to 9. Each symbol has its own unique design and is used in the game to build certain combinations and sequences.
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Domino Tiles
(112 codes from 1F030–1F09F,
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Domino Tiles is a Unicode block containing characters for representing game situations in dominoes. The block includes symbols for the standard six dot tile set and backs in horizontal and vertical orientations.
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Playing Cards
(96 codes from 1F0A0–1F0FF,
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Here you can find various symbols representing playing cards and a shirt of cards.
A general set of playing cards consists of 52 pieces, which are divided into four suits: hearts, diamonds, clubs and spades. There are 13 cards in each suit, from ace to king. Therefore, the block in front of your eyes represents the same varieties of icons.
Some playing cards have a unique design and symbols associated with the culture and traditions of a particular country or region. In addition, there may be special decks of cards for specific games, such as tarot or bridge.
The cards can also be used not only for the game. With their help, you can predict the future and perform tricks, as well as decorate posts on social media. This is a universal and popular type of entertainment all over the world.
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Enclosed Alphanumeric Supplement
(256 codes from 1F100–1F1FF,
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Enclosed Alphanumeric Supplement is a Unicode block consisting mostly of Latin alphabet characters enclosed in circles, ovals or boxes, used for a variety of purposes.
What are the common ways to use these symbols? • decoration: embellishing text to make it stand out on the page, or drawing attention to certain words or phrases; especially popular on social media.. • identification: framed letters and symbols can be used to identify and highlight headings, subheadings, lists, etc.. • logos and branding: creating unique logos and other branding elements that help identify a brand or company.. • fine arts: development of unique designs and decorations.. • encoding: symbols of mathematics, music, science, etc..
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Enclosed Ideographic Supplement
(256 codes from 1F200–1F2FF,
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Enclosed Ideographic Supplement is a Unicode block containing characters for compatibility with the Japanese ARIB STD-B24 standard. It contains a squared kana word, and many CJK ideographs enclosed with squares, brackets, or circles.
In general, this set includes hieroglyphs and symbols of Chinese and Japanese religion. They can be used in posts and articles about culture, history, art, and traditions of Asian countries.
As an addition, you will find katakana and hiragana symbols here. These are the two main Japanese alphabets used to write Japanese words and phrases.
The symbols are enclosed in different shapes: circles, square, brackets. Each of them highlights the features of the symbol and can be applied to draw the reader´s attention to the necessary information in the text.
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Miscellaneous Symbols and Pictographs
(768 codes from 1F300–1F5FF,
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Miscellaneous Anz and Pictographs is a Unicode block containing meteorological and astronomical symbols along with characters largely for compatibility with Japanese telephone carriers´ implementations of Shift JIS.
The most extraordinary sets include the following topics: • weather and landscape — not just clouds and sun, but whole sceneries and various natural phenomena, like volcanic eruption, flood, and rainbow. • accommodation — so far this category has only a plate with a fork and a knife. by the way, the plate is empty. • beverage and food — an astonishing combination of champagne and popcorn. • fairytale — a perfect set of symbols for a fantasy-writer. here you can find a ghost, an ogre, a goblin, an alien, and even an angel. • romance — these symbols are especially popular on the 14th of February and in wedding invitations. • comic style — somehow, apart from bubbles, explosion (boom!) and superpower, this set contains the image of poo. • communication — all types of connection, from bugle to smartphone. • rating symbols — don´t repeat at home..
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Emoticons
(80 codes from 1F600–1F64F,
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Emoticons (if you didn´t know, an emoticon = emotion + icon, like, literally; for me it was new information) represent small images or icons which depict various emotions. Emoticons appeared as sequences of ASCII symbols for expressing joy :-) или sadness :-(.
As a consequence, more complicated smiles had appeared. This emoticon (")(-_-)(") illustrates a face with their arms raised.
Time passed, and such sequences started to be replaced by images. In addition, there appeared ways to enter such pics by clicking on the icon in the menu section or pasting it from the clipboard.
The first people to implement these cute schemes were Japanese mobile operators. The majority of the symbols for this block were taken from their sets. In Unicode you can see that such emoticons are also divided in the following sets: human faces, cat´s faces and icons with hand gestures.
More emoticons are encoded in the sections Miscellaneous symbols and Supplemental-symbols-and-pictographs.
Since you´ve read the description till this point, I´m going to share a secret with you. So far, people haven´t quite figured out, how to differentiate between an emoticon and an emoji. Even I, the expert of the Emoji Studies, a person with a PhD in Cats and Dogs´ faces semantics, even I haven´t deciphered yet, what is the key difference between an emoticon and an emoji. I´ll tell you what: whenever you see a printed version of a smile like this :), call it an emoticon. If there is a complete image/icon/picture like this 😛 — congrats, it´s an emoji. You can copy it from this block, by the way.
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Ornamental Dingbats
(48 codes from 1F650–1F67F,
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Ornamental Dingbats2700–27BF is a Unicode block containing ornamental leaves, punctuation, and ampersands, quilt squares, and checkerboard patterns. It is a subset of dingbat fonts Webdings, Wingdings, and Wingdings 2.
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Transport and Map Symbols
(128 codes from 1F680–1F6FF,
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Transport and Map Anz is a Unicode block containing transportation and map icons, largely for compatibility with Japanese Telephone carriers´ implementations of Shift JIS and to encode characters in the Wingdings and Wingdings 2 character sets.
The section includes vehicles, road signs, residential premises and topographic conventional signs necessary for navigation.
These symbols can be used to indicate various objects and elements on maps and plans, available routes in a particular region and landscape features of the area. In addition, the symbols from this block can be used to decorate any text or post about tourism or construction.
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Alchemical Symbols
(128 codes from 1F700–1F77F,
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This block includes alchemical symbols — images of substances, processes, measurement measures and various chemical elements.
What is alchemy? It´s an early form of natural science studying the properties of matter and their transformation. Alchemists sought to discover the “philosopher´s stone”, which, according to their ideas, could turn ordinary metals into gold and possessed immortal properties.
Alchemical symbols were used to denote chemical elements and compounds until the 18th century. The design of the symbols was largely standardized, however, the symbols themselves and the style could vary.
How can alchemical symbols be used today? • decorative elements in design and fashion • tattoo ideas • metaphorical context in art and literature • astrology and esotericism.
As well as decoration of posts and texts on the topics mentioned above.
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Geometric Shapes Extended
(128 codes from 1F780–1F7FF,
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Geometric Shapes Extended is a Unicode block containing webdings/wingdings symbols, mostly different weights of squares, crosses, and saltires, and different weights of variously spoked asterisks and stars. They are presented in various color combinations — some in black-and-white, others multicolored.
Geometric shape icons can be used to denote geometric shapes such as circle, square, triangle, etc. They can express various features, for example, size, length, width, height, etc. Also, such symbols often express certain concepts in mathematics or physics: angle, radius, volume, etc. Moreover, geometric symbols are often used to represent diagrams, graphs and other visual information or data.
Another way to see these symbols in action is to copy them into a text or post on social media. Such geometric shapes are perfect for designing lists, tasks, and advertisements.
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Supplemental Arrows-C
(256 codes from 1F800–1F8FF,
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Supplemental Arrows is a Unicode block containing stylistic variants, weights, and fills of standard directional arrows. They are presented in different variations: with triangular tips, square shape, compressed, large, serif and sans-serif, white, black and even outdated.
What are arrow symbols used for? • indication of direction and movement • designation of items in the list • references to a specific object or place • points of various instructions and actions..
Moreover, you can copy the arrow symbols from this block and paste them into posts or articles on the topic of web design, in your visual presentations, etc. In addition, these arrows can indicate the direction of movement on the maps or where to click on the website to perform a certain action.
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Supplemental Symbols and Pictographs
(256 codes from 1F900–1F9FF,
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This block continues the list of Miscellaneous Anz . Here you will find a lot of encoded emojis depicting various things: • face emotions; • hand gestures; • food and products; • sport events; • wild and domestic fauna; • body parts; • clothes; • household objects; • fables..
The first symbols in this block haven´t been transformed into emojis yet. They are united by Typikon — the religious book of the Orthodox church. It is a liturgical set of rules that regulate the liturgy process and other religious services. You´d ask, “and what does it have to do with this block?”. If only I knew, my dear friend, if only I knew.
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Chess Symbols
(112 codes from 1FA00–1FA6F,
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If you are looking for the traditional chess pieces, you can find their emojis in this block with Miscellaneous-symbols. On the contrary, here we will talk about the pictograms for so-called fairy chess.
Long before Unicode appeared, and even before computers were introduced to the world, people started inventing chess puzzles. What is a chess puzzle? Basically, it´s an imaginary (or pretty realistic) situation on a chessboard, where there is a certain position and a particular goal for playing this position out. For example, black must lose in three moves. Such an entertainment soon became very popular, and people kept developing and improving it. To make the game even merrier, new rules and figures would be introduced (for example, a grasshopper or a knightmare; I love the language pun of the latter). Such game variations were called fairy chess.
To make it more clear, I´ll give you an example: if you watched The Big-Bang Theory, you probably remember an episode, where one of the main characters, Sheldon Cooper, was playing three-level chess, which basically looked like three chessboards, located one above the other. The challenging and uplifting game Sheldon found engrossing, was nothing else than a demonstration of what fairy chess may look like. If only he heard about cylinder chess! I guess he would be impressed.
Fairy chess was vastly popular: a lot of magazines and newspapers covered the information about it. To minimize the resources for creating “unorthodox” figures, typewriters took the classic pieces and turned them over. That´s why you can see a lot of “rotated” symbols here: it´s not your brain going crazy, it´s a legitimate chess code.
Apart from the fairy chess, we included the pieces for Chinese chess called Xiangqi. Copy and paste them to get better chances of victory over your Chinese rival.
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Symbols and Pictographs Extended-A
(144 codes from 1FA70–1FAFF,
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This block is an extension for Supplemental symbols and pictographs. You can actually use these symbols as emojis. The types include clothes, medical supplies, food, people, and my favourite “other objects” section, where you can find such useful things, as a bucket 🪣, a tooth brush 🪥, and even a tombstone 🪦.
Honestly, I think these emojis are met less often than the classic cat faces. So copy them asap!
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Symbols for Legacy Computing
(256 codes from 1FB00–1FBFF,
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The symbols which represent the legacy of computing technology were used in the old computer systems developed from the mid-70s to the mid-80s. This block includes icons for the teletext and mini-pixel formats, as well as the Amstrad CPC, Atari ST, MAX and other.
Most of the symbols in this section are separate blocks, which served for making texts, images and other graphics.
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CJK Unified Ideographs Extension B
(42720 codes from 20000–2A6DF,
symbl.cc)
The block contains rare and obsolete hieroglyphs of CJK (The Chinese, Japanese and Korean scripts). Here you can see a lot of encoded variants of the characters registered in the Ideographic Variation Database of Unicode.
Seriously, I´ve never studied these languages, so now I´ve seen it all. This number of symbols is enough to provide you with the necessary repertoire to speak to your ancestors via Ouija board! Be careful though, you don´t wanna bring them back accidentally, so use these hieroglyphs wisely.
- ↑
CJK Unified Ideographs Extension C
(4160 codes from 2A700–2B73F,
symbl.cc)
The block contains rare and obsolete hieroglyphs of CJK (The Chinese, Japanese and Korean scripts). Here you can see a lot of encoded variants of the characters registered in the Ideographic Variation Database of Unicode.
I´ll be damned, another extension for CJK. Buckle up, they are going to cover the whole screen, so copy these little bastards to close the page as soon as possible.
- ↑
CJK Unified Ideographs Extension D
(224 codes from 2B740–2B81F,
symbl.cc)
The block contains rare and obsolete hieroglyphs of CJK (The Chinese, Japanese and Korean scripts). Here you can see a lot of encoded variants of the characters registered in the Ideographic Variation Database of Unicode.
CJK is already getting on my nerves, too many extensions for a person who doesn´t speak Oriental languages. Call an ambulance! I can barely breathe.
- ↑
CJK Unified Ideographs Extension E
(5776 codes from 2B820–2CEAF,
symbl.cc)
The block contains rare and obsolete hieroglyphs of CJK (The Chinese, Japanese and Korean scripts). Here you can see a lot of encoded variants of the characters registered in the Ideographic Variation Database of Unicode.
I definitely adore this CJK extension. The majority of the hieroglyphs is not available on my laptop, so there´s just a bunch of squares dangling on my screen, like pears or apples on a tree in Minecraft. Plus, as I mentioned in other CJK descriptions, I´m a bit overwhelmed after seeing too many hieroglyphs. I would rather savour the identical geometrical shapes with question marks.
- ↑
CJK Unified Ideographs Extension F
(7488 codes from 2CEB0–2EBEF,
symbl.cc)
The block contains rare and obsolete hieroglyphs of CJK (The Chinese, Japanese and Korean scripts). Here you can see a lot of encoded variants of the characters registered in the Ideographic Variation Database of Unicode.
However, for me this block is nothing else but another set of white squares, supposedly hiding some mysterious signs I´ll never be able to learn. If you have the same problem, go to the CJK B extension and enjoy the full-sized hieroglyphs in their natural habitat. Maybe you´ll want to study Oriental languages. I´m done.
If you haven´t checked the previous A-E CJK extensions, you´re missing the whole fun. I´ve been whining for a while now.
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CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement
(544 codes from 2F800–2FA1F,
symbl.cc)
CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement is a Unicode block that contains a collection of characters that are primarily used for compatibility with older Chinese, Japanese, and Korean character sets. These characters are not commonly used in modern written communication, but they may be necessary for the proper display of historical documents or for certain specialized purposes, such as in the fields of calligraphy or art.
The characters in this block include various symbols, numerals, and ideographs that were used in traditional East Asian writing systems, but are no longer commonly used in modern communication. For example, there are characters for counting rods, astrological symbols, and various historical Chinese characters that are not included in the modern simplified or traditional Chinese character sets.
Overall, the CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement block is primarily used for historical and cultural purposes rather than everyday communication.